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Position de l'inconscient

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1960-1964 (21 pp.)-POSITION DE L'INCONSCIENT (THE POSITION OF THE UNCONSCIOUS) 1966
In 1960, II. Ey gathered psychiatrists, [[philosophers]], and [[psychoanalysts ]] from the two groups for the Colloquium on the [[unconscious ]] at Bonneval. This was an explosive [[situation]]. Two students of [[Lacan ]] gave a widely noticed talk on "L'lnconscient: une etude psychanalytique" (The Unconscious: A Psycho�analytic Study). They delivered it in the context of the workshop on "[[Langage ]] et [[inconscient]]" ([[Language ]] and the Unconscious) and it was going to be pub�lished in Les [[Temps ]] modernes. Lacan at first praised it in his [[seminar]], but not without some uneasiness because he had recognized the [[theoretical ]] diver�gence that was widening between Laplanche and himself. In 1964 H. Ey requested a [[text ]] from each of [[them]], giving them the [[freedom ]] to revise their old talk, and he asked Lacan to write a digest of his numerous comments during the Colloquium; this was Positioll de [' illconsciellt published in 1966 both in [[Ecrits ]] and in L'[llcollScient (Desclee de Brouwer publisher). Keeping the 1963 [[split ]] in [[mind]], this volume sheds light on the divergence, and espe�cially enlightening is the postscript in which Laplanche specifies and [[defends ]] his sacrilegious [[statement]]: "The unconscious, more than a language, is the condition of language" (p. 96). 0. POl/bell;(,{/(;oT! is a [[condensation ]] of pOI/belle. trash, and publication. The Worn of [[Jacques Lacan ]] 1" Lacan reasserted his basic [[thesis]]: "The unconscious is a [[concept ]] forged on the trace of that which works to constitute the [[subject]]." Moreover. "the sub�ject is not the [[cause ]] of himself, he carries in him the worm of the cause which splits [refend] him," and this cause is language, or rather the primordial sig�nifier that [[divides ]] him and "represents him for [[another ]] [[signifier]]." "Without this signifier there would be no subject in the [[real]]." Such are the effects of language that give [[birth ]] to the subject in an originary [[alienation]]. Presented here in a denser and more pedagogical way, these were already the themes of L'lnstance de la [[lettre ]] (35), L'ldentification (50), and La Mltaphore du [[sujet ]] (48), all [[texts ]] that should be read together. In 1969, questioned by Anika Rimet-Lemaire, he responded clearly to Laplanche, "It is language that is the condition of the unconscious" (74). If there are effects of language, there are also effect of [[speech]], in which the subject alienates himself in his [[demand ]] made to the [[Other ]] and in his demand of the Other. Lacan resumed all the themes on the Other that he had developed since [[Fonction ]] et [[Champ ]] (24): the [[terms ]] of the pact; the [[exchange ]] of signi�fiers; the metaphors of the [[Father]]; the ideals that govern what one must do as a man or as a [[woman]]; the subject to be located at the level of the [[enunciation ]] of all [[discourse]], etc. However, as was the [[case ]] in Seminaire XI (55), contemporaneous with this [[writing]], the difficulty was linking the [[theory ]] of the signifier with the current research on [[sexuality]], oriented towards the [[drive ]] and the [[objet ]] a. Lacan re�peated that the [[libido ]] as "[[lamella]]" is an "[[organ]]"-"the organ of the incor�poreal in the sexed [[being]]," because "the [[speaking ]] subject has the privilege of revealing the deadly [[meaning ]] of this organ and, thereby, its relation to sexuality." Man is [[born ]] from a [[division ]] from "the membranes, the daughters of the egg": "Breaking the egg, you make man, but also the hommelette," which man must lose. This [[place ]] is then occupied by the various objets a, the upholders of the [[Desire ]] of/to the Other. It is difficult to say, then, if there is a passage from the drive to desire by means of the [[fantasy]]. In any case, only the [[object ]] -<I>, the "cause" of the [[castration ]] [[complex ]] and thus of the as�sumption of the subject, allows the subject to [[construct ]] himself as [[living ]] be�yond the "[[impossible ]] Real" that threatens him. "[[Psychoanalysis ]] is [[responsible ]] for the [[presence ]] of the unconscious in the field of [[science]]": the [[Master]]'s teaching has been anathematized because he stressed this requirement. He cheerfully returned the anathema: instead of "[[psychological ]] ideals," indeed [[ideologies]], psychoanalysis "should have fur�thered its [[ethics ]] and learned [[about ]] [[theology]], according to a path that [[Freud ]] showed us to be unavoidable." Even Betty Friedan's book on the vogue of a "[[feminine ]] [[mystic]]" in the [[United States]], or the distrust of Eastern countries for psychoanalysis were used to attack the [[role ]] of the "other" psychoanalysts in [[society]].
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