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Secondly, how is the [[analyst]] to respond to the [[ethics|pathogenic morality]] which acts via the [[superego]]?
[[Freud]]'s views of [[ethics|morality]] as a pathogenic force might seem to imply that the [[analyst]] simply has to help the [[analysand]] free himself from moral constraints. However, which such an [[interpretation]] may find some support in [[Freud]]'s earlier work,<ref>Freud 1908d</ref> [[Lacan]] is firmly opposed to such a view of [[Freud]], preferring the more pessimistic [[Freud]] of ''[[Civilization and Its Discontents]]''<ref>{{F}} 1930</ref>
the analyst simply has to help the analysand free himself from moral constraints.