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Beyond the Pleasure Principle

327 bytes removed, 21:01, 23 May 2019
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'''''Beyond the Pleasure Principle''''' (first published in [[German language|German]] in [[1920]] as '''''Jenseits des Lustprinzips''''') is an essay by [[Sigmund Freud]]. It marked a turning point and a major modification of his previous theoretical approach. Before this essay, Freud was understood to have placed the sexual instinct, [[Eros (Freud)|Eros]], or the [[libido]], centre stage, in explaining the forces which drive us to act. In 1920, going "beyond" the simple [[pleasure principle (psychology)|pleasure principle]], Freud developed his theory of [[drive (psychology)|drive]]s, by adding [[Thanatos (Freud)|Thanatos]], also known as the [[death instinct]].
The main importance of the essay resides in the striking picture of human being, struggling between two opposing instincts or drives: [[Eros]] working for creativity, harmony, sexual connection, reproduction, and self-preservation; Thanatos for destruction, repetition, aggression, compulsion, and self-destruction.
In sections IV and V ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]] [[Freud posits that ]] revised his earlier [[theory]] of the process [[drives]] which cause cell death at a microscopic level might have developed in order asserted the primacy of the [[pleasure principle]], that is to give say, the theory that our primary motivation as [[human ]] beings a is the fulfilment of [[pleasure]] or [[desire]]. [[Clinical]] [[experience]] revealed to Freud that [[subjects]] compulsively repeated painful or [[traumatic]] experiences in direct [[contradiction]] to the primacy of the pleasure [[principle]].  Freud called this beyond of pleasure 'the [[death]] [[drive]]' and suggested that the primary [[purpose]] of [[life]] is to find the correct path to death.  [[Lacan]] followed Freud in associating the [[death drive]] with [[repetition]], but he argued that we are not driven towards death but by death instinct as individuals. This theory has generally been discredited It is [[loss]] that drives life through desire but, human beings will settle for any experience, however painful, rather than fall out of the familiarity of the [[symbolic]] into the [[trauma]] and [[void]] of the [[real]].                           [[Category:Freudian psychology]][[Category:Sigmund Freud]][[Category:Works]]
Freud also took the opportunity to state the basic differences, as he saw them, between his approach and that of [[Carl Jung]], and covered the history so far of research into the basic drives (Section VI).
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
[[Category:Sigmund Freud]]
[[Category:Works]]
[[Category:Freudian Works]]
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