Nice and pretty!{{Top}}[[signe]]{{Bottom}} ===Ferdinand de Saussure===[[Image:SAUSSUREANALGORITHM.gif|thumb|200px|right|The Saussurean Sign]]According to [[Saussure]], httpthe [[sign]] is the basic unit of [[language]] The [[sign]] is constituted by two elements://valentinesdaycard.co.cc/cardvalentines-day.html card+Valentines day# the [[signified]], a [[conceptual]] element (or [[concept]]), mtkegand # the [[signifier]], http://valentinesdaycarda phonological element (or sound-[[image]]).co The two elements are linked by an [[arbitrary]] but unbreakable bond.cc/cards-for-valentineday =====Saussurean Sign=====[[Saussure]] represented the [[sign]] by means of a diagram.html cards for Valentineday<ref>[[Saussure|Saussure, =(Ferdinand de]]. (1916) ''[[Saussure|Course in General Linguistics]]'', http://valentinesdaycarded.coCharles Bally and Albert Sechehaye, trans.cc/cards-for-valentinesday.html cards for ValentinesdayWade Baskin, 775108, httpGlasgow://valentinesdaycardCollins Fontana.cop.cc114</card-verses-valentines-dayref> In this diagram, the line between the [[signified]] and the [[signifier]] represents union, the reciprocal implication of the two elements.html card verses Valentines day, cphstv([[Saussure]] put the [[signifier]] and the [[signified]] in an ellipse which indicates [[structure|structural unity]] of the [[sign]].) =====Jacques Lacan=====[[Lacan]] takes up the [[Saussure]]an concept of the [[sign]] in his "[[linguistic]] turn" in [[psychoanalysis]] during the 1950s, http://valentinesdaycardbut [[subjects]] it to several modifications.coDuring the 1950s [[Lacan]] began to make us of [[Saussure]]'s [[concepts]] but adapted [[them]] in important ways.cc/cards-for-valentines-day =====Relation between Signifier and Signified=====Firstly, whereas [[Saussure]] posited the reciprocal implication between [[signifier]] and [[signified]] (they are as mutually interdependent as two sides of a sheet of paper), [[Lacan]] argues that the relation between [[signifier]] and [[signified]] is extremely unstable.html cards for Valentines day =====Primacy of the Signifier=====Secondly, 4766[[Lacan]] asserts the [[existence]] of an order of "pure [[signifiers]], http://valentinesdaycard" where [[signifier]]s [[exist]] prior to [[signified]]s; this [[order]] of purely [[logical]] [[structure]] is the [[unconscious]].coThis amounts to a [[destruction]] of [[Saussure]]'s concept of the [[sign]]; for [[Lacan]], a [[language]] is not composed of [[sign]]s but of [[signifier]]s.cc/cardiff-restaurants-valentines-day =====Saussurean algorithm=====[[Image:SAUSSUREANALGORITHM.html cardiff restaurants Valentines daygif|right|thumb|Saussurean algorithm|The Saussurean algorithm]] To illustrate the contrast between his own views and those of [[Saussure]], jpyfw[[Lacan]] replaces [[Saussure]]'s diagram of the [[sign]] with an [[Saussurean algorithm|algorithm]] which, [[Lacan]] argues, http://valentinesdaycardshould be attributed to [[Saussure]] -- and is thus now sometimes referred to as the "[[Saussure]]an algorithm.co"<ref>{{E}} p.cc149</card-verses-ref> The '''S''' stands for-valentines-day.html card verses the [[signifier]], and the '''s''' for Valentines daythe [[signified]]; the [[position]] of the [[signified]] and the [[signifier]] is thus inverted, syphashowing the primacy of the [[signifier]] (which is capitalized, http://valentinesdaycardwhereas the [[signifier]] is reduced to mere lower-[[case]] italic).coThe arrows and the circle are abolished, representing the [[absence]] of a [[stable]] or fixed relation between [[signifier]] and [[signified]].cc/card-valentines-dayThe [[bar]] between the [[signifier]] and the [[signified]] no longer represents union but the [[resistance]] inherent in [[signification]].html card Valentines day, %-OOFor [[Lacan]], http://valentinesdaycardthis [[algorithm]] defines "the [[topography]] of the [[unconscious]].co"<ref>{{E}} p.cc163</cardsref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Enunciation]]* [[Index]]* [[Language]]||* [[Metaphor]]* [[Materialism]]* [[Signification]]||* [[Signified]]* [[Signifying Chain]]* [[Shifter]]||* [[Subject]]* [[Symbol]]* [[Symptom]]{{Also}} == References ==<div style="font-exchangedsize:11px" class="references-valentines-day.html cards exchanged Valentines day, 45260,small"><references/></div> [[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Linguistics]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]][[Category:OK]] __NOTOC____NOEDITSECTION__
