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==Biological Concept==The [[concept ]] of [[adaptation]] is a [[biology|biological]] [[:category:concepts|concept]]; [[biology|organism]]s are supposed to be driven to [[adapt]] themselves to fit the [[biology|environment]]. [[Adaptation]] implies a [[harmonious]] relation between the ''[[Adaptation|Innenwelt]]'' (inner [[world]]) and ''[[adaptation|Umwelt]]'' (surrounding world).

Organisms are supposed to be driven to [[adapt]] themselves to fit the environment.  [[Adaptation]] implies a harmonious relation between the ''Innenwelt'' (inner world) and ''Umwelt'' (surrounding world). ==Ego-psychologyPsychology==[[Ego-psychology]] applies the [[biological]] concept of [[adaptation]] to [[psychoanalysis]]., explaining [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in [[terms ]] of [[maladaptive]] [[behavior]] (such as applying archaic [[defense mechanisms mechanism]]s in contexts where they are no longer appropriate) and arguing that the aim of [[psychoanalytic treatment]] is to [[help ]] the [[patient]] [[adapt]] to [[reality]].  [[Ego-psychology]] explain [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in terms of maladaptive [[behaviour]]. [[Ego-psychology]] argues that the aim of [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] is to help the [[patient]] adapt to [[reality]].

From his early [[work ]] in the 1930s on, [[Lacan]] opposes any attempt to explain human phenomena in terms of [[adaptation]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.158; {{Ec}} p.171-2</ref>   This forms a constant theme in [[Lacan]]'s work; in 1955, for example, he states that "the [[dimension ]] discovered by [[analysis ]] is the opposite of anything which progresses through adaptation."<ref>{{S2}} p.86</ref>

===One1. Reality===The stress on the [[adaptation|adaptive function ]] of the [[ego]] misses the [[ego]]'s [[alienation|alienatingfunction]] function and is based on a simplistic and unproblematic view of '"[[reality]]'".  [[Reality ]] is not a simple, [[objective thing to which the ego must adapt, but is itself a product of the ego's fictional misrepresentations and projections. Therefore "it is not a question of adapting to it [reality], but of showing it [the ego] that it is only too well adapted, since it assists in the construction of that very reality."<ref>{{E}} p.236</ref> The task of [[psychoanalysisthing]] is rather to subvert which the [[illusoryego]] sense of must [[adaptationadapt]], since this blocks access to the [[unconscious]]. ===Two===To set [[adaptation]] as the [[aim]] but is itself a product of the [[treatmentego]] is to turn the 's [[analystfiction]] into the arbiter of the al [[patientmirror stage|misrepresentations]]'s and [[adaptationprojection]].  The [[analyst]]'s own "relation to reality thus goes without saying."<ref>{{E}} p.230</ref>

It <blockquote>"[Therefore] it is automatically assumed that the not a question of adapting to it [reality], but of showing it [analyst]the ego] that it is better only too well adapted than , since it assists in the [[patientconstruction]]of that very reality."<ref>{{E}} p. 236</ref></blockquote>

This inevitably turns The task of [[psychoanalysis]] into is rather to subvert the exercise of [[powerillusory]], in which the [[analystsense]] forces his own particular view of[[realityadaptation]] onto , since this blocks access to the [[patient]]; this is not [[psychoanalysis]] but [[suggestionunconscious]].

===Three2. Analyst===The idea To set [[adaptation]] as the [[aim]] of the [[harmonytreatment]] between is to turn the organism and its environment, implicit in [[analyst]] into the concept arbiter of the [[patient]]'s [[adaptation]], is inapplicable to human beings because man. The [[analyst]]'s inscription own "relation to reality thus goes without saying."<ref>{{E}} p.230</ref> It is automatically assumed that the [[analyst]] is better adapted than the [[patient]]. This inevitably turns [[psychoanalysis]] into the exercise of [[power]], in which the [[symbolicanalyst]] forces his own [[particular]] view of [[orderreality]] de-naturalises him and means that 'in man onto the [[imaginarypatient]] relation ; this is not [[psychoanalysis]] but [[to naturesuggestion]] has deviated'.

===3. Gap===The [[idea]] of [[harmony]] between the [[biology|organism]] and its [[biology|environment]], implicit in the concept of [[adaptation]], is inapplicable to [[human]] [[being]]s because [[human|man]]'s inscription in the [[symbolic]] [[order]] [[nature|de-naturalises]] him and means that "in man the [[imaginary]] relation [to nature] has deviated". Whereas "all [[animal]] machines are strictly riveted to the [[conditions]] of the [[external]] [[environment]],"<ref>{{S2}} p. 322</ref> in the [[human]] [[being]] there is "a certain biological gap."<ref>{{S2}} p. 323</ref> Any attempt to regain [[harmony]] with [[nature]] overlooks the essentially excessive [[drive]] potential summed up in the [[death drive]]. [[Human]] [[being]]s are essentially [[maladaptive]].

Human beings are ==Treatment==[[Lacan]] argues that the stress put by [[ego-psychology]] on the [[adaptation]] of the [[patient]] to [[reality]] reduces [[psychoanalysis]] to an [[instrument]] of [[social]] [[control]] and conformity. He sees this as a [[complete]] [[betrayal]] of [[psychoanalysis]], which he regards as an essentially subversive [[maladaptivepractice]].

-- [[Lacan]] argues that the stress put by [[ego-psychology]] on the [[adaptation]] of the [[patient]] to [[reality]] reduces [[psychoanalysis]] to an instrument of social control and conformity.  He sees this as a complete betrayal of [[psychoanalysis]], which he regards as an essentially subversive [[practice]]. --==United States==[[Lacan]] regards it as significant that the [[adaptation]] theme was developed by the European psychoanalysts [[psychoanalyst]]s who had emigrated to the USA in the late 1930s.  These analysts [[analyst]]s felt not only that they had to [[adapt ]] to [[life ]] in the USA, but also that they ahd had to [[adapt ]] [[psychoanalysis ]] to American tastes.<ref>{{E}} p.115</ref>

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