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{{Topp}}adapt|adaptation{{Bottom}}
==Biological Concept==The [[concept ]] of [[adaptation]] is a [[biology|biological]] [[:category:concepts|concept]]. Organisms ; [[biology|organism]]s are supposed to be driven to [[adapt ]] themselves to fit the [[biology|environment]]. [[Adaptation]] implies a [[harmonious ]] relation between the ''[[Adaptation|Innenwelt]]'' (inner [[world]]) and ''[[adaptation|Umwelt]]'' (surrounding world).
==Ego-Psychology==
[[Ego-psychology]] applies the [[biological]] concept of [[adaptation]] to [[psychoanalysis]], explaining [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in [[terms]] of [[maladaptive]] [[behavior]] (such as applying archaic [[defense mechanism]]s in contexts where they are no longer appropriate) and arguing that the aim of [[psychoanalytic treatment]] is to [[help]] the [[patient]] [[adapt]] to [[reality]]. [[Ego-psychology]] explain [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in terms of maladaptive [[behaviour]]. [[Ego-psychology]] argues that the aim of [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] is to help the [[patient]] adapt to [[reality]].
He takes this view for several reasons:
===1. Reality===The stress on the [[adaptation|adaptive function ]] of the [[ego]] misses the [[ego]]'s [[alienation|alienatingfunction]] function and is based on a simplistic and unproblematic view of '"[[reality]]". [[Reality]] is not a simple, [[objective]] [[thing]] to which the [[ego]] must [[adapt]], but is itself a product of the [[ego]]'s [[fiction]]al [[mirror stage|misrepresentations]] and [[projection]]s.
===3. Gap===
The [[idea]] of [[harmony]] between the [[biology|organism]] and its [[biology|environment]], implicit in the concept of [[adaptation]], is inapplicable to [[human]] [[being]]s because [[human|man]]'s inscription in the [[symbolic]] [[order]] [[nature|de-naturalises]] him and means that "in man the [[imaginary]] relation [to nature] has deviated". Whereas "all [[animal]] machines are strictly riveted to the [[conditions]] of the [[external]] [[environment]],"<ref>{{S2}} p. 322</ref> in the [[human]] [[being]] there is "a certain biological gap."<ref>{{S2}} p. 323</ref> Any attempt to regain [[harmony]] with [[nature]] overlooks the essentially excessive [[drive]] potential summed up in the [[death drive]]. [[Human]] [[being]]s are essentially [[maladaptive]].
==References==
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