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Hallucination

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{{Top}}hallucinations|hallucination{{Bottom}}
==Psychiatric Definition==[[Hallucination]]s are usually defined in [[psychiatry]] as "[[false ]] perceptions," that is, perceptions which arise "in the absence of an appropriate [[external ]] stimulus."<ref>American [[Psychiatric ]] [[Association]]. 1987. p.398</ref>
==Psychotic Hallucinations==[[Lacan]] finds such definitions inadequate, since they ignore the [[dimension ]] of [[meaning]] and [[signification]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.77; {{E}} p.180</ref>
[[Hallucination]]s are a typical phenomenon of [[psychosis]], and are usually auditory (hearing voices), but may also be [[visual]], somatic, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory. --
==Operation of Foreclosure==
[[Lacan]] argues that [[psychotic]] [[hallucination]]s are a consequence of the operation of [[foreclosure]].
[[Foreclosure]] refers to the [[absence]] of the [[Name-of-the-Father]] from the [[symbolic|symbolic universe]] of the [[psychotic]] [[subject]].
A [[hallucination]] is the [[return ]] of this [[foreclosed]] [[signifier]] in the dimension of the [[real]]; "that which has not emerged into the light fo the [[symbolic ]] appears in the real."<ref>{{Ec}} p.388</ref> THis is not to be confused with [[projection]], which [[Lacan]] regards as a mechanism proper to [[neurosis]] rather than [[psychosis]]. In this distinction, [[Lacan]] follows [[Freud]]'s analysis of [[Schreber]]'s [[hallucination]]s.
<blockquote>"It was incorrect This is not to say that the perception be confused with [[projection]], which suppressed internally is projected outwards; the truth is [[Lacan]] regards as a [[mechanism]] proper to [[neurosis]] rather, as we now see, that what was abolished internally returns from without.<ref>than [[Freud|Freud, Sigmundpsychosis]]. 1911c. SE XII. p.71</ref></blockquote>
--In this [[distinction]], [[Lacan]] follows [[Freud]]'s [[analysis]] of [[Schreber]]'s [[hallucination]]s.
While <blockquote>"It was incorrect to say that the [[hallucinationperception]]s are most commonly associated with which suppressed internally is projected outwards; the [[psychosistruth]]is rather, there is another sense in which they play an important part in the as we now see, that what was abolished internally returns from without.<ref>[[structureFreud|Freud, Sigmund]] of . "[[desireWorks of Sigmund Freud|Psycho-Analytic Notes on an Autobiographical Account of a Case of Paranoia (Dementia Paranoides)]] in all ," 1911c. [[subjectSE]]sXII. p.71</ref></blockquote>
==Structure of Desire==While [[Freudhallucination]] argues that "s are most commonly associated with [[tpsychosis]]he first wishing seems to have been a hallucinatory cathecting of , there is [[another]] [[sense]] in which they play an important part in the memory [[structure]] of satisfaction."<ref>[[Freud|Freud, Sigmunddesire]] in all [[subject]]s. 1900a. SE V. p.598</ref>
[[Freud]] argues that "[t]he first wishing seems to have been a hallucinatory cathecting of the [[memory]] of [[satisfaction]]."<ref>[[Freud|Freud, Sigmund]]. ''[[Works of Sigmund Freud|The Interpretation of Dreams]]'', 1900a. [[SE]] V. p. 598</ref>
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Foreclosure]]
* [[Psychosis]]
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* [[Name-of-the-Father]]
* [[Neurosis]]
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* [[Projection]]
* [[Psychosis]]
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* [[Real]]
* [[Signifier]]
{{Also}}
==References==
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