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{{TopTopp}}détresse]]''; |-| [[German]]: ''[[Hilflosigkeit{{Bottom}}

==Human InfantPrematurity==The term [[helplessness]] of the [[development|human infant]] is grounded in its "'''[[helplessnessprematurity]]' is used ''" of [[birth]], a fact which was pointed out by [[Freud]] and which [[Lacan]] takes up in his [[psychoanalysisJacques Lacan:Bibliography|early writings]] . Compared to denote other [[nature|animal]]s such as apes, the state of the newborn [[development|human infant]] who is incapable of carrying out the specific relatively unformed when it is [[actionborn]]s required , especially with respect to ''[[satisfymotor coordination]] its own ''. This means that it is more ''dependent'' than other [[neednature|animal]]s, and so is completely dependent for a longer [[time]], on other people (especially the its [[motherparents]]).

===Prematurity of Birth=Mother-Child Dual Relation==The [[helplessnessLacan]] follows [[Freud]] in highlighting the importance of the initial ''[[dependence]] '' of the [[development|humaninfant]] on the '''[[infantmother]]'''. [[Lacan]] is grounded 's originality lies in its the way he draws attention to "prematurity" of birth, a the fact which was pointed out that this dependence is maintained by a [[world]] of [[language]].<ref>{{E}} p. 309</ref> The [[mother]] [[Freudinterpretation|interpret]]s the [[infant]] 's cries as hunger, tiredness, loneliness, etc. and which [[Lacanpunctuation|retroactively]] determines their [[signification|meaning]] (see [[punctuation]]). The [[development|child]]'s [[helplessness]] contrasts with the omnipotence of the [[mother]], who can decide whether or not to [[desire|satisfy]] the [[development|child]]'s [[need]]s.<ref>{{S4}} p. 69, 185</ref> The [[recognition]] takes up of this contrast engenders a depressive effect in his early writingsthe [[child]].<ref>{{S4}} p.186</ref>

Compared to other animals such as apes, the [[human]] [[infant]] is relatively unformed when it is born, especially with respect to motor coordination. This means that it is more dependent than other animals, and for a longer time, on its parents. ===Mother-Child Dual RelationEnd of Analysis==[[Lacan]] follows also uses the [[Freudconcept]] in highlighting the importance of the initial dependence of the [[humanhelplessness]] [[infant]] on to illustrate the [[mother]]. [[Lacansense]]'s originality lies in the way he draws attention to "the fact that this dependence is maintained by a world of [[language]].<ref>{{E}} p.309</ref> The [[mother]] [[interpret]]s the [[infant]]'s cries as hunger, tiredness, loneliness, etc. and retroactively determines their [[meaning]] (see [[punctuation). The [[child]]'s [[helplessness]] contrasts with the omnipotence of the [[mother]], who can decide whether or not to [[satisfy]] the [[child]]'s [[need]]s.<ref>{{S4}} p.69, 185</ref> (The recognition of this contrast engenders a depressive effect in the [[child]].<ref>{{S4}} p.186</ref>)  ==Psychoanalytic Treatment==[[Lacan]] also uses the concept of [[helplessness]] to illustrate the sense of abandonment ''' and '''[[subjective destitution]] ''' that the [[analysand]] feels at the [[end of analysis]]. <blockquote>"At the end of a [[training]] [[analysis]] the [[subject]] should reach and [[know ]] the [[domain ]] and level of the [[experience ]] of absolute disarray."<ref>{{S7}} p.304</ref></blockquote> The [[end of analysis]] is not conceived of by [[Lacan]] as the realization of some blissful plenitude, but quite the contrary, as a [[moment ]] when the [[subject]] comes to [[terms ]] with his utter solitude. However, whereas the [[development|infant]] can rely on its [[mother]]'s [[helplessness|help]], the [[analysand]] at the [[end of analysis]] "can expect [[help]] from no one."<ref>{{S7}} p.304</ref> If this seems to [[present ]] a particularly ascetic view of [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]], this is exactly how [[Lacan]] wishes it to be seen; [[psychoanalysis]] is, in [[Lacan]]'s [[words]], a "long [[subjective acesis]] ascesis."<ref>{{E}} p.105</ref>

{{See}}* [[AnxietyDevelopment]]* [[IllusionEnd of analysis]]||* [[Instinct]]* [[Language]]||* [[Mother]]* [[Nature]]||* [[Need]]* [[Punctuation]]||

* [[TraumaTreatment]]{{Also}}