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Oedipus complex

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==Sigmund Freud==
<!-- =====Definition===== -->
<!-- The [[Oedipus complex]] is a central [[concept]] in [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic theory. is considered by [[Freud]] as one of the "cornerstones" of [[psychoanalysis]].<ref>{{F}} (1923a) "[[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|Two Encyclopaedia Articles]]", [[SE]], Vol. 18, p. 247.</ref> [[Freud]]'s conception of the [[Oedipus complex]] is probably one of the most popularized and at the same [[time]] one of the most misunderstood [[ideas]] of [[psychoanalysis]]. -->
The "[[Oedipus complex]]" is a concept used by [[Sigmund Freud]] to refer to the [[unconscious]] [[sexual difference|sexual]] [[desire]] of the [[child]] - especially a [[male]] [[child]] - for the parent of the opposite sex, usually accompanied by hostility and [[rivalry]] with the parent of the same sex.
<!-- The [[Oedipus complex]] was defined by [[Freud]] as an [[unconscious]] set of loving and hostile [[desire]]s which the [[subject]] experiences in relation to its [[parents]]; the [[subject]] [[desire]]s one parent, and thus enters into rivalry with the [[other]] parent. In the "positive" [[form]] of the [[Oedipus complex]], the [[desire]]d parent is the parent of the opposite sex to the [[subject]], and the parent of the same sex is the rival. / The "[[Oedipus complex]]" is a term developed by [[Sigmund Freud]] to designate the attraction on the part of the child toward the parent of the opposite sex and rivalry and hostility toward the parent of its own. -->
<!-- The [[existence]] of the Oedipus complex explains the [[child]]s [[sexual]] attaction towards the parent of the opposite sex and jealously of the parent of the same sex. -->
<!-- It initially refers to the boy's [[perception]] of his mother as a [[sexual object]] and of his father as a rival, but Freud's description of this '[[universal]] phenomenon' becomes more complicated as he integrates the findings of his studies of the 'sexual theories of [[children]].' -->
<!-- The [[Oedipus complex]] is rather more complicated than this, though, and represents [[Freud]]'s attempt to map the [[ambivalnce|ambivalent]], both [[love|loving]] and hostile, [[feelings]] that the [[child]] has towards its parents. In its positive form the complex manifests itself as the desire for the [[death]] of a rival, the parent of the same sex, accompanied by the sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex. In its [[negative]] form the complex works in reverse, as the desire for the parent of the same sex and a [[hatred]] towards the parent of the opposite sex. In actual fact, a so-called 'normal' Oedipus complex consists of both positive and negative forms. What is important [[about]] the Oedipus complex is how the child learns to negotiate and resolve its ambivalent feelings towards its parents. -->
<!-- =====''Oedipus Rex''===== -->
The complex is named after [[Oedipus]], a prominent [[figure]] in Greek mythology who unwittingly killed his [[father]] and [[married]] his [[mother]].
<!-- The term is named after the [[Oedipus]], a prominent figure in Greek mythology who unwittingly unknowingly killed his father and married his mother. Taking his cue from the ancient Greek [[tragedy]] by [[Sophocles]], [[Oedipus Rex]], where [[Oedipus]] unwittingly kills his [[father]] and becomes king by marrying his [[mother]], [[Freud]] suggested that our deepest [[unconscious]] [[desire]] is to [[murder]] our [[father]] and marry our [[mother]]. -->
<!-- One of the cornerstones of the [[theory]] of [[psychoanalysis]], the [[idea]] of the [[Oedipus complex]] derives from the Greek legend that tells how [[Oedipus]] unwittingly killed his father Laius and married his mother Jocasta. When he finally learns what he has done, he blinds himself./ It comes from the Greek myth of Oedipus, a Greek hero who unknowingly killed his father and married his mother. / The term derives from ''[[Oedipus]]'' was a prominent figure in Greek mythology who killed his father and married his mother. / [[Freud]] attributes the "gripping [[power]]" of [[Sophocles]]' play, ''[[Oedipus Rex]]'' to its depiction of what [[Freud]] considers a "universal [[event]] in early [[childhood]]." -->
<!-- Followers of the [[psychologist]] Sigmund Freud long believed that the Oedipus complex was common to all cultures, although many psychiatrists now refute this [[belief]]. -->
<!-- =====[[History]]===== -->
<!-- References to the [[Oedipus complex]] can be foudn in some of [[Freud]]'s earliest writings./ Although the term does not appear in [[Freud]]'s writings until 1910, traces of its origins can be found much earlier in his [[work]], and by 1910 it was already showing [[signs]] of the central importance that it was to acquire in all [[psychoanalytic theory]] thereafter. -->
<!-- The "[[Oedipus complex]]" is first introduced by [[Freud]] in 1901; it comes to acquire central importance in [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic theory]] thereafter. -->
<!-- The "[[Oedipus complex]]" was posited by [[Sigmund Freud]] as the central organizing [[principle]] of [[psychosexual]] development. crucial [[stage]] in the normal [[developmental]] [[process]]. -->
<!-- Although the [[Oedipus complex]] is absolutely central to Freud's theory of [[human]] development, no one paper is devoted to it. -->
===Phallic Phase==Sigmund =The [[Oedipus complex]] emerges in the [[third]] year of [[life]] and then declines in the fifth year, and coincides with the [[phallic stage]] of [[development|psychosexual development]].<!-- The Oedipus conflict, or Oedipus complex, was described as a [[state]] of [[psychosexual development]] and [[awareness]] first occurring around the age of 5 and a half years (a period known as the phallic stage in [[Freudian]] theory). --><!-- It occurs during the phallic stage of the [[psycho]]-sexual development of the [[personality]], approximately years [[three]] to five. The [[Oedipus complex]] emerges in the third year of life and then declines in the fifth year when the [[child]] [[renunciation|renounces]] [[desire|sexual desire]] for its parents and [[identification|identifies]] with the rival. --><!-- during which the primary [[erogenous zone]] of the [[body]] consists of the [[genital]] sex organs. when awareness of and manipulation of the genitals is supposed to be a primary source of [[pleasure]]/ during which a child becomes interested in his or her own sexual organs --<!-- Freud=====came to assume that, by the time he has reached the ‘phallic’ stage of development, at around the age of four or five, the small boy is sexually interested in his mother, wishes to gain exclusive possession of her, and therefore harbours hostile impulses towards his father. --><!-- Freudians normally date the [[Oedipus complex]] to the ages of three to five years; according to [[Klein]], it occurs much earlier. --><!-- Freud saw this process as taking [[place]] between the ages of three and five years. With the [[resolution]] of the Oedipus complex sexuality goes through a period of '[[latency]]' until it reappears during [[puberty]] as adolescent sexuality. --><!-- Most controversially, Freud insisted that the Oedipus complex was a universal, trans-historical and trans-[[cultural]] phenomenon: <blockquote>[T]he Oedipus complex is the nuclear complex of [[neuroses]], and constitutes the essential part of their [[content]]. It represents the peak of [[infantile]] sexuality, which, through its after-effects, exercises a decisive influence on the sexuality of [[adults]]. Every new arrival on this planet is faced by the task of mastering the Oedipus complex; anyone who fails to do so falls a [[victim]] to [[neurosis]].<ref>Freud 1991d [1905]: 149</ref></blockquote> -->
<!--=====Castration Complex=====The hostility towards the father arouses the [[fear]] that the father will remove the offending sex [[organ]] of the boy, called [[castration anxiety]]. The [[Oedipus castration complex]] is arises from the boy's assumption that, because girls are without a concept used by [[Freudpenis]], they must have suffered castration. The [[reality]] in his theory of castration is borught home to the boy when he sees the sexual anatomy of the [[sexual difference|psychosexual stagesgirl]], which is [[lacking]] the protruding genitals of the male. The girl appears [[childhoodcastrated]] to the boy. "If that could happen to her, it could also happen to me," is what he thinks. As a result of castration anxiety, the boy represses his incestuous desire for the mother an his hostility for the father, and the Oedipus complex [[developmentdisappears]].--><!-- the fact that a girl does not hav emale genitals is therefore the result of her castration, -->
The ==Jacques Lacan==<!--In [[Lacanian]] [[terms]], the [[Oedipus complex]] is marks the transition from a concept used by [[Freuddual]] and potentially incestuous [[relationship]] with the mother to describe a triadic relationship in which the [[role]] and [[authority]] of the father or the [[Name-of-the-Father]] are recognized. Although Lacan follows Freud in making the [[unconsciousOedipus complex]] (the crucial [[sexual difference|sexualmoment]]) in human development, he modifies the concept in a [[desirenumber]] of ways, both by introducing the idea of a symbolic phallic which is distinct from the [[childbiological]] penis, and by [[mapping]] -- especially it onto the transition from [[malenature]] to [[childculture]] described by [[Levi-- Strauss]]. A succesful negotiation of the Oedipal triangle is a precondition for entry into the human symbolic order.--><!--===Family Complexes===[[Lacan]] first addresses the [[Oedipus complex]] in his [[{{Y}}|1938]] article on the [[family complexes|family]], where he argues that it is the last and most important of the parent three "[[family]] [[complexes]]." At this point his account of the opposite sex[[Oedipus complex]] does not differ from [[Freud]]'s, his only originality [[being]] to emphasize its historical and cultural relativity, taking his cue from the anthropological studies by Malinowski and a concomitant sense [[others]].<ref>{{L}} 1938: 66</ref> It is in the 1950s that [[Lacan]] begins to develop his own distinctive conception of rivalry with the parent [[Oedipus complex]]. Though he always follows [[Freud]] in regarding the [[Oedipus complex]] as the central complex in the [[unconscious]], he now begins to differ from [[Freud]] on a number of the same seximportant points.
The most important of these is that in [[Lacan]]'s view, the [[subject]] always desires the [[mother]], and the [[father]] is always the rival, irrespective of whether the [[subject]] is [[male]] or [[female]]. Consequently, in [[Lacan]]'s account the [[male]] [[subject]] experiences the [[Oedipus complex]] in a radically asymmetrical way to the [[female]] [[subject]]. --><!-- In an early encyclopaedia [[article on the family]] (1938) [[Lacan]] adopted a fairly orthodox Freudian [[understanding]] of the Oedipus complex, and it was not until the 1950s and through the influence of Lévi-[[Strauss]] that Lacan began to develop his own distinctive '[[structural]]' [[model]] of the [[complex]]. For [[Lacan]], the [[Oedipus complex]] is primarily a symbolic structure. When two [[people]] live together or get married they do so forvery personal and intimate reasons, but at the same time there is a wider [[social]] or symbolic aspect to this relationship. A relationship or [[marriage]] concerns not just the two people involved but also a [[whole]] social network of friends, relations and institutions. Thus, personal relationships situate men and women in a symbolic circuit of social [[meanings]]. According to [[Lacan]], therefore, we must distinguish between the real people involved and [[the symbolic]] [[structures]] that organize relationships between men and women. In our [[society]] the primary structure that defines our symbolic and unconscious relations is the Oedipus complex. More precisely the [[Oedipus complex]] represents a triangular structure that breaks the binary relationship established between the [[mother]] and [[child]] in [[the imaginary]], although, as we will see, the imaginary is never simply a dual structure - there is always a third element involved. The infant's earliest experiences are characterized by absolute [[dependence]] upon the mother as she fulfils the child's [[needs]] of feeding, caring and nurturing. At the same time the child is faced with the enigma around the (m)other's desire - What am I in the Other's desire? The answers the child comes up with will be crucial to its resolution of the [[Oedipus complex]]. -->=====Psychosexual Development==Symbolic Structure===The [[Oedipus complex]] is absolutely central , for [[Lacan]], the paradigmatic triangular [[structure]], which contrasts with all [[dual relation]]s (though see the final paragraph below). The key function in the [[Oedipus complex]] is thus that of the [[father]], the third term which transforms the [[dual relation]] between [[mother]] and [[child]] into a [[triad]]ic [[structure]]. The [[Oedipus complex]] is thus [[nothing]] less than the passage from the [[imaginary]] [[order]] to the [[Freudsymbolic order]]'s theory , "the conquest of the symbolic relation as such."<ref>{{S3}} p.199</ref> The fact that the passage to the [[symbolic]] passes via a complex sexual difference|psychosexual stages[[dialectic]] means that the [[subject]] of cannot have access to the [[childhoodsymbolic order]] without confronting the problem of [[developmentsexual difference]].
===Times===In ''[[Seminar|The Seminar, Book V]]'', [[Lacan]] analyzes this passage from the [[imaginary]] to the [[symbolic]] by [[identification|identifying]] three "[[times]]" of the [[Oedipus complex]], the sequence being one of [[logical]] rather than [[chronological]] priority.<ref>{{L}} 1957-8: [[seminar]] of 22 January 1958</ref><!-- The first time of the [[Oedipus complex]] is characterized by the [[imaginary]] [[triangle]] of [[mother]], [[child]] and [[phallus]]. prior to the invention of the [[father]] there is never a purely [[dual relation]] between the [[mother]] and the [[child]] but always a third term, the [[phallus]], an [[imaginary]] [[object]] which the [[mother]] [[desire]]s beyond the central concept [[child]] himself (S4, 240-1). [[Lacan]] hints that the presence of the [[imaginary]] [[phallus]] as a third term in the [[imaginary]] [[triangle]] --><!-- In the previous [[seminar]] of 1956-7, [[Lacan]] calls this the [[preoedipal]] [[triangle]]. However, whether this [[triangle]] is regarded as [[preoedipal]] or as a moment in the [[FreudOedipus complex]] itself, the main point is the same: namely, that prior to the invention of the [[father]] there is never a purely [[dual relation]] between the [[mother]] and the [[child]] but always a third term, the [[phallus]], an [[imaginary]] [[object]] which the [[mother]] [[desire]]'s theory beyond the [[child]] himself (S4, 240-1). [[Lacan]] hints that the presence of the [[sexual difference|psychosexual stagesimaginary]] [[phallus]] as a third term in the [[imaginary]] [[triangle]] of indicates that the [[childhoodsymbolic]] [[developmentfather]]is already functioning at this time.<ref>{{L}} 1957-8: [[seminar]] of 22 January 1958</ref> -->
====First====<!--The [[mother]] provides the necessary care, feeding and [[satisfaction]] of [[need]]s, while there is within her the [[desire]] for something other than [[satisfaction|satisfying]] the [[infant]]'s [[desire]]. The [[mother]] [[lack]]s the [[phallus]] and [[desire]]s in the [[infant]] something other than himself - the [[phallus]] she [[lack]]s (the basis of the relationship with her [[father]], and of her own [[Oedipus complex]] occurs ). The [[mother]] [[desire]]s something apart from attending to the [[child]]'s [[need]]s and cares, for behind her there is the [[Symbolic]] [[Order]] on which she depends, and also the [[phallus]], which plays the prominent role in the [[phallic Symbolic]] [[Order]]. The [[infant]] is then caught in an imaginary relationship with the mother, familiar from the [[mirror]] stage, only this time centered on the [[presence]] of and [[sexual difference|psychosexual stagesabsence]] of the [[developmentphallus]].
The [[infant]] takes up a [[particular]] attitude with respect to the mother and the phallus. In the first time of the [[Oedipus complex]], the [[child]] tries to [[identification|identify]] with the [[mother]]'s [[object]] of [[desire]], the [[phallus]]. (his desire is the desire of the Other)
-->
In the first time of the [[Oedipus complex]], the [[child]] slowly comes to realize that it is not identical to, or the sole object of, the [[mother]]'s [[desire]], as her [[desire]] is directed elsewhere. He or she will therefore attempt to [[satisfy]] her [[desire]] by becoming the [[object]] of her [[desire]]. The [[dual relation|dyadic relationship]] between the [[mother]] and [[child]] is thus turned into a triangular relationship between the [[child]], the [[mother]] and the [[object]] of her [[desire]]. Lacan calls this third term the [[imaginary phallus]]. The [[imaginary]] [[phallus]] is what the [[child]] assumes someone must have in order for [[them]] to be the [[object]] of the [[mother]]'s [[desire]] and, as her [[desire]] is usually directed towards the [[father]], it is assumed that he possesses the [[phallus]]. Through trying to satisfy the [[mother]]'s [[desire]], the [[child]] identifies with the object that it presumes she has lost and attempts to become that [[object]] for her.
<!--
((In the first time of the [[Oedipus complex]], then, the [[child]] realizes that both he and the [[mother]] are marked by a [[lack]]. The [[mother]] is marked by [[lack]], since she is seen to be [[lack|incomplete]]; otherwise, she would not [[desire]]. The [[lack]]ing element is the [[imaginary]] [[phallus]]. ))
The [[mother]] [[desire]]s the [[phallus]] she [[lack]]s, and (in conformity with [[Hegel]]'s theory of [[desire]]) the [[subject]] seeks to become the [[object]] of her [[desire]]; he seeks to be the [[phallus]] for the [[mother]] and fill out her [[lack]]. The [[child]] seeks to [[identification|identify]] with what he or she supposes to be the [[object]] of her [[desire]], with the object that the mother supposedly [[lacks]], the object that is capable of filling in the lack in the other is the phallus.
<blockquote>What the child wants is to become the desire of [[desire,]] to be able to satisfy the mother's desire, that is, "to be or not to be" the object of the mother's desire.... To please the mother ...it is necessary and sufficient to be the phallus. 7 [ Lacan 1957-1958, seminar of January 22, 1958 ]</blockquote>
-->
<!-- At this point, the [[mother]] is omnipotent and her [[desire]] is the [[law]]. Although this omnipotence may be seen as threatening from the very beginning, the [[sense]] of [[threat]] is intensified when the [[child]]'s own sexual [[drive]]s begin to [[manifest]] themselves (for example in infantile masturba­tion). This emergence of the [[real]] of the [[drive]] introduces a discordant note of [[anxiety]] into the previously [[seductive]] [[imaginary]] [[triangle]].<ref>{{S4}} p. 225-6</ref> The [[child]] is now confronted with the realization that he cannot simply [[fool]] the [[mother]]'s [[desire]] with the [[imaginary]] [[semblance]] of a [[phallus]] - he must [[present]] something in the [[real]]. Yet the [[child]]'s real organ (whether boy or girl) is hopelessly inadequate. This sense of inadequacy and [[impotence]] in the face of an omnipotent [[mother|maternal]] [[desire]] that cannot be placated gives rise to [[anxiety]]. Only the [[intervention]] of the [[father]] in the subsequent times of the [[Oedipus complex]] can provide a real solution to this [[anxiety]]. -->
=====''Oedipus Rex''=Second====The term was named after second time of the [[Oedipus complex]] is characterized by the interven­tion of the [[imaginary]] [[father]]. The [[father]] imposes the [[law]] on the [[mother]]'s [[desire]] by denying her access to the [[phallic]] [[object]] and [[prohibition|forbidding]] the [[subject]] access to the [[mother]]. [[Lacan]] often refers to this intervention as the "[[castration]]" of the [[mother]], even though he states that, properly [[speaking]], the operation is not one of [[castration]] but of [[privation]]. <!-- This intervention is mediated by the [[discourse]] of the [[mother]]; in other [[words]], what is important is not that the [[real]] [[father]] step in and impose the [[law]], but that this [[law]] be respected by the [[mother]] herself in both her words and her actions. The [[subject]] now sees the [[father]] as a rival for the [[mother]]'s [[desire]]. --><!-- In this second [[position]], the father intervenes, either directly or through the mother's discourse, as the character omnipotent and prohibiting figure, putting in Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex question and forbidding the desire of the mother (le [[désir]] de la Mère), laying down the law and permitting identification with him as the one who accidentally kills his father has the phallus. ((He says, as it were, to the child, "no you won't [[sleep]] with your mother"; and marries his to the mother, "No, the child is not your phallus. I have it. " -->
====Third====
The third 'time' of the [[Oedipus complex]] is marked by the intervention of the [[real]] [[father]].
<!--
The father appear as the one who reinstates the phallus as the desired object of the mother, rather than as the terrifying, [[castrating]], omnipotent father who can deprive her.
-->
By showing that he has the [[phallus]], and neither exchanges it nor gives it,<ref>{{S3}} p. 319</ref>, the [[real]] [[father]] [[castration|castrates]] the [[child]], in the sense of making it [[impossible]] for the [[child]] to persist in trying to be the [[phallus]] for the [[mother]]; it is no use competing with the [[real]] [[father]], because he always wins.<ref>{{S4}} pp. 208-9, 227</ref> The [[subject]] is freed from the impossible and [[anxiety]]-­provoking task of having to be the [[phallus]] by realizing that the [[father]] has it. This allows the [[subject]] to [[identify]] with the [[father]].
<!--In this secondary ([[symbolic]]) [[identification]] the [[subject]] transcends the [[aggressivity]] inherent in primary ([[imaginary]]) [[identification]]. -->
[[Lacan]] follows [[Freud]] in arguing that the [[superego]] is formed out of this [[Oedipal]] [[identification]] with the [[father]].<ref>{{S4}} p. 415</ref>
<!-- The [[Oedipus complex]] marks the transition from the [[imaginary]] to the [[symbolic]]. Through the intervention of a third term, the [[Name-of-the-Father]], that closed circuit of mutual desire between the [[mother]] and [[child]] is broken and a [[space]] is created, within which the [[child]] can begin to identify itself as a [[separate]] being from the [[mother]]. [[Lacan]] calls this third term the [[Name-of-the-Father]], because it does not have to be the real father, or even a male figure, but is a [[symbolic position]] that the child perceives to be the location of the object of the [[mother]]'s [[desire]]. It is also, as we will see, a position of authority and the [[symbolic]] [[law]] that intervenes to [[prohibit]] the [[child]]'s [[desire]]. For [[Lacan]], the key [[signifier]] that this whole process turns upon is the [[phallus]]. -->
<!--
==Structure==
Since the [[symbolic]] is the realm of the [[law]], and since the [[Oedipus complex]] is the conquest of the [[symbolic order]], it has a [[normative]] and normalizing function. "The Oedipus complex is essential for the human being to be able to accede to a humanized structure of the real."<ref>{{S3}} p.198</ref> This normative function is to be [[understood]] in reference to both [[clinic]]al [[structure]]s and the question of [[sexuality]].
-->
<!--
===Psychopathology===
[[Freud]] argued that all psychopathological [[structure]]s could be traced to a malfunction in the [[Oedipus complex]], which was thus dubbed "the nuclear complex of the neuroses".
-->
=====Clinical Structures=====
In accordance with [[Freud]]'s view of the [[Oedipus complex]] as the root of all [[psychopathology]], [[Lacan]] relates all the [[clinic]]al [[structure]]s to difficulties in this [[complex]]. Since it is impossible to resolve the [[complex]] completely, a completely non-pathological position does not [[exist]]. The closest [[thing]] is a [[neurotic]] [[structure]]; the [[neurotic]] has come through all three times of the [[Oedipus complex]], and there is no such thing as a [[neurosis without [[Oedipus]]. On the other hand, [[psychosis]], [[perversion]] and [[phobia]] result when "something is essentially incomplete in the Oedipus complex."<ref>{{S2}} p.201</ref> In [[psychosis]], there is a fundamental blockage even before the first time of the [[Oedipus complex]].
In [[perversion]], the [[complex]] is carried through to the third time, but instead of [[identifying]] with the [[father]], the [[subject]] [[identifies]] with the [[mother]] and/or the [[imaginary]] [[phallus]], thus harking back to the [[imaginary]] [[preoedipal]] [[triangle]].
A [[phobia]] arises when the [[subject]] cannot make the transition from the second time of the [[Oedipus complex]] to the third time because the [[real]] [[father]] does not intervene; the [[phobia]] then functions as a [[substitute]] for the intervention of the [[real]] [[father]], thus permitting the [[subject]] to make the passage to the third time of the [[Oedipus complex]] (though often in an atypical way).
<!--
=====Psychopathology=====
Failure to negotiate this transition is held by all [[schools]] of psychoanalysis to be the primary [[cause]] of [neurosis]].
=====Early Work=====In The Oedipus complex or conflict is a letter concept developed by Sigmund Freud to explain the origin of certain neuroses in childhood [[FLiessFreud]] dated 17 October 1897, Freud remarks argued that all psychopathological [[Sophoclesstructure]]'s ''could be traced to a malfunction in the [[Oedipus Rexcomplex]]'' has such , which was thus dubbed "gripping powerthe nuclear complex of the neuroses" because being in love . The Oedipus complex is closely connected to the castration complex. Resolution of the Oedipus complex is believed to occur by identification with one's the parent of the same sex and by the [[motherrenunciation]] of sexual interest in the parent of the opposite sex. Freud considered this complex the cornerstone of the superego and jealous the nucleus of one's all human relationships. --><!--=====The Oedipus complex and sexuality=====It is the particular way the [[subject]] navigates his passage through the [[Oedipus complex]] that determines both his assumption of a [[sexual position]] and his [[fatherchoice]] is "of a universal event in early childhood."sexual object (on the question of object choice<ref>{{FS4}} 1985p.201</ref>). -->
<!--
In his [[seminar]] of 1969-70, [[Lacan]] re-examines the [[Oedipus complex]], and analyzes the [[myth]] of [[Oedipus]] as one of [[Freud]]'s [[dream]]s.<ref>{{S17}} Ch. 8</ref> In this [[seminar]] (though not for the first time<ref>{{S7}}</ref>) [[Lacan]] compares the [[myth]] of [[Oedipus]] with the other [[Freud]]ian [[myth]]s (the [[myth]] of the [[father]] of the [[horde]] in ''[[Totem and Taboo]]'', and the [[myth]] of the murder of [[Moses]]<ref>{{F}} 1912-13; 1939a</ref>) and argues that the [[myth]] of ''[[Totem and Taboo]]'' is structurally opposite to the [[myth]] of [[Oedipus]]. In the [[myth]] of [[Oedipus]], the murder of the [[father]] allows [[Oedipus]] to [[enjoy]] [[sexual relations]] with his [[mother]], whereas in the [[myth]] of ''[[Totem and Taboo]]'' the murder of the [[father]], far from allowing access to the [[father]]'s [[women]], only reinforces the [[Law]] which forbids [[incest]].<ref>{{S7}} p. 176</ref> [[Lacan]] argues that in this respect the [[myth]] of ''[[Totem and Taboo]]'' is more accurate than the [[myth]] of [[Oedipus]]; the former shows that [[enjoyment]] of the [[mother ]]is impossible, whereas the latter presents [[enjoyment]] of the [[mother]] as [[forbidden]] but not impossible. In the [[Oedipus complex]] a [[prohibition]] of ''[[jouissance]]'' thus serves to hide the [[impossibility]] of this ''[[jouissance]]''; the [[subject]] can thus persist in the [[neurotic]] [[illusion]] that, were it not for the [[Law]] which forbids it, ''[[jouissance]]'' would be possible.
-->
<!--
In his reference to fourfold models, [[Lacan]] makes an implicit criticism of all triangular models of the [[Oedipus complex]]. (** Thus, though the [[Oedipus complex]] can be seen as the transition from a [[dual relation]]ship to a [[triangular]] [[structure]], [[Lacan]] argues that it is more accurately represented as the transition from a [[preoedipal]] [[triangle]] ([[mother]]-[[child]]-[[phallus]]) to an [[Oedipal]] [[quaternary]] ([[mother]]-[[child]]-[[father]]-[[phallus]]). **) [[Another]] possibility is to see the [[Oedipus complex]] as a transition from the [[preoedipal]] [[triangle]] ([[mother]]-[[child]]-[[phallus]]) to the [[Oedipal]] [[triangle]] ([[mother]]-[[child]]-[[father]]).
-->
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Castration complex]]
* [[Desire]]
||
* [[Development]]
* [[Father]]
||
* [[Law]]
* [[Mother]]
||
* [[Name-of-the-Father]]
* [[Phallus]]
{{Also}}
      ==========   ==========    According to Freud, the child must give up his sexual attraction for his mother in order to resolve this attraction and move to the next stage of psychosexual development. Failure to do so would lead the child to become fixated in this stage. Typically the Oedipus Complex refers to a boy wanting to possess his mother, while the Electra Complex refers to a girl wishing to possess her father. But don't be surprised if some refer to the Oedipus Complex for both boys and girls. The threat of punishment from the father causes repression of these id impulses. Conflict in little boys between their love for their mothers, their jealousy of their fathers, and their fear that their fathers will punish them for loving their mothers. Girls have a similar sexual desire for the father which is repressed in analogous fashion and is called the Electra complex.                __NOTOC__{{OK}}
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