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The names of these ''four'' [[symbol]]s are shown to the [[right]].
The ''four'' [[symbol]]s correspond to ''four'' different [[discourse|positions]] in each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the [[discourse|four discourses]].
Each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the [[discourse|four discourses]] has ''four'' different [[discourse|positions]] with which the ''four'' [[symbol]]s correspond.
[[Image:Discourse-Structure.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The structure of the four discourses]]
The [[discourse|position]] of the ''four'' [[symbol]]s in each [[matheme|algorithm]] is what distinguishes the [[discourse|four discourses]] from one another.
The [[discourse|four discourses]] are distinguished from one another by the [[discourse|positions]] of these ''four'' [[symbol]]s in each [[matheme|algorithm]].
The '''dominant [[position]]''' is occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), which represents the [[subject]] ('''S''') for another [[signifier]] or, more precisely, for all other [[signifiers]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]); however, in this [[signification|signifying operation]] there is always a [[surplus]], namely, ''[[objet petit a]]''.
The point is that all attempts at totalization are doomed to failure.
=====Discourse of the University=====[[Image:Unidis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[University]]]]The [[discourse ]] of the hysteric [[university]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse ]] of the [[master, but in a clockwise direction. It is not simply 'that which is uttered by a hysteric', but a certain kind of social bond in which any subject may be inscribed. The dominant position is occupied by the divided subject, the symptom. This discourse is that which points the way towards knowledge.<ref>$17, 23</ref>.Psychoanalytic treatment involves 'the structural intro- duction of the discourse of the hysteric by means of artificial conditions'; in other words, the analyst 'hystericises' the patient's discourse.<ref>Sl7, 35<]] (anticlockwise).ref>
The discourse of the analyst is produced by a quarter turn of the discourse of the hysteric (in the same way as Freud developed psychoanalysis by giving an interpretative turn to the discourse of his hysterical patients). The dominant position of the agent, which is the position occupied by the analyst in the treatment, is occupied by objet petit a; this illustrates the fact that the analyst must, in the course of the treatment, become the cause of the analysand[[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]''s desire).<ref>Sl7, 41</ref>
This illustrates the fact that behind all attempts to impart an apparently "neutral" [[knowledge]] to the [[other]] can always be located an attempt at [[master]]y ([[master]]y of [[knowledge]], and domination of the [[other]] to whom this [[knowledge]] is imparted). The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] represents the [[hegemony]] of [[knowledge]], particularly [[visible]] in [[modernity]] in the [[form]] of the hegemony of [[science]]. =====Discourse of the Hysteric=====[[Image:Hysdis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Hysteria|Hysteric]]]]The [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]], but in a clockwise direction. It is not simply "that which is uttered by a hysteric", but a certain kind of [[discourse|social bond]] in which any [[subject]] may be inscribed. The dominant position is occupied by the [[split|divided]] [[subject]], the [[symptom]]. This [[discourse]] is that which points the way towards [[knowledge]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 23</ref> [[Psychoanalytic treatment]] involves "the [[structural]] introduction of the [[discourse]] of the '''[[hysteric]]''' by means of artificial [[conditions]]"; in other [[words]], the [[analyst]] "[[hysteria|hystericises]]" the [[patient]]'s [[discourse]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 35</ref> =====Discourse of the Analyst=====[[Image:Anadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Analyst]]]]The [[discourse]] of the [[analyst]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] (in the same way as [[Freud]] developed [[psychoanalysis]] by giving an [[interpretation|interpretative]] turn to the [[discourse]] of his [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s). The position of the [[discourse|agent]], which is the position occupied by the [[analyst]] in the [[treatment]], is occupied by ''[[objet (petit) a|objet petit a]]''; this illustrates the fact that the [[analyst]] must, in the course of the [[treatment]], become the [[cause]] of the [[analysand]]'s [[desire]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 41</ref> The fact that this [[discourse ]] is the [[inverse ]] of the [[discourse ]] of the [[master ]] emphasises that, for [[Lacan]], [[psychoanalysis ]] is an essentially subversive [[practice ]] which undermines all attempts at domination and mastery[[master]]y. =====Discourse of the Capitalist=====In a few parts of his teaching (notably in his discourse in Milano), Lacan talked [[about]] a new kind of discourse which caracterizes our post-modern [[society]]: the discourse of the [[capitalist]].<ref>For further information on The position of the [[agent]], is occupied by the [[subject]] ('''S'''), who does not address the other, but the [[truth]] (this position is now occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), the [[Market]]). Through the Market, the [[subject]] ('''S''') can ask the [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]''), ([[Image:SS2.gif]]), Science and [[Technology]] to produce [[objects]] to be consumed (''[[objet petit a]]''). This objects are made to never feed completely the [[subject's desire]].This discourse is not part of the [[social]] bond [[theory]]. We notice that, in this discourse (contrary to the [[four discourses]]), see Bracher et alan arrow hits the position of the truth.With the Discourse of the Capitalist, 1994Lacan tried to account for a new kind of social bonds in which [[The Subject|the subject]] become more and more individualistic, egoistic. The Market is here the new Truth which cannot be contradicted. ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Algebra]]* [[Analyst]]* [[Communication]]||* [[Hysteria]]* [[Intersubjectivity]]* [[Knowledge]]||* [[Language]]* [[Master]]* [[Matheme]]||* [[Science]]* [[Speech]]* [[Subject]]||* [[Symbol]]* [[Symptom]]* [[Unconscious]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references /ref></div> [[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Linguistics]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]]{{OK}}