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Thing
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This seemed to some of [[Lacan]]'s contemporaries to offer an objection to [[Lacan]]'s theories [[about]] the [[linguistic|linguistic nature]] of the [[unconscious]]. [[Lacan]] counters such objections by pointing out that there are two [[words]] in [[German]] for "[[thing]]": ''[[Thing|das Ding]]'' and ''[[Thing|die Sache]]''.<ref>{{S7}} p. 62-3, 44-5</ref> It is the latter term which [[Freud]] usually employs to refer to the [[thing-presentations]] in the [[unconscious]], and [[Lacan]] argues that although on one level ''[[Thing|Sachvorstellungen]]'' and ''[[Thing|Wortvorstellungen]]'' are opposed, in the [[symbolic|symbolic level]] "they go together".
<blockquote>"The Thing is characterised by the beyond of the signified – fact that which it is unknowable in itself.It is something beyond symbolization, and therefore associated with the real, or as Lacan puts [[impossible]] for us to imagine it, “the thing in its dumb reality.”"<ref>1992: 55{{S7}} p. 125</ref>The Thing is a lost object that must be continually refound.However, it is more importantly an ‘object that is nowhere articulated, it is a lost object, but paradoxically an object that was never there in the first place to be lost.”<ref>1992: 58</refblockquote>
[[Lacan]]'s [[concept]] of the [[Thing]] as an unknowable x, beyond [[symbolisation]], has clear affinities with the [[Kant]]ian "thing-[[in-itself]]".
==''Jouissance''==The second context is ''[[jouissance]]''. As well as the [[object ]] of [[language]], ‘’das Ding’’ ''[[Thing|das Ding]]'' is the [[object ]] of [[desire]]. It is the [[castration|lost ]] [[object ]] which must be continually refound, it is the prehistoric, unforgettable [[Other]]<ref>{{S7, }} p.53</ref> - in other words, the [[forbidden ]] [[object ]] of incestuous [[incest]]uous [[desire]], the [[mother]].<ref>{{S7, }} p. 67</ref> The [[pleasure principle]] is the [[law ]] which maintains the [[subject]] at a certain distance from the [[Thing]],<ref>{{S7, }} p. 58, 63</ref> making the [[subject ]] circle round it without ever attaining it.<ref>{{S7, }} p. 95</ref>The Thing is thus presented to the subject as his Sovereign Good, but if the subject transgresses the pleasure principle and attains this Good, it is experienced as suffering/evil,<ref>Lacan plays on the French term mal, which can mean both suffering and evil, see S7, 179</ref> because the subject “cannot stand the extreme good that ‘’das Ding’’ may bring to him.”<ref>S7, 73</ref> It is fortunate, then, that the Thing is usually inaccessible.<ref>S7, 159</ref>
The [[Thing]] is thus presented to the [[subject]] as his Sovereign [[Good]], but if the [[subject]] transgresses the [[pleasure principle]] and attains this Good, it is experienced as [[suffering]]/evil,<ref>[[Lacan]] plays on the [[French]] term ''mal'', which can mean both suffering and [[evil]]; {{S7}} p. 179</ref> because the [[subject]] "cannot stand the extreme good that ''[[Thing|das Ding]]'' may bring to him."<ref>{{S7}} p. 73</ref> It is fortunate, then, that the [[Thing]] is usually inaccessible.<ref>{{S7}} p. 59</ref> ==''Objet petit a''==After the [[seminar ]] of 1959-60, the term ‘’das Ding’’ ''[[das Ding]]'' [[disappears ]] almost entirely from [[Lacan]]'s [[Work of Jacques Lacan|work]]. However, the [[ideas ]] associated with it provide the essential features of the new developments in the concept of the ‘’''[[objet petit a]]’’ '' as [[Lacan ]] develops it from 1963 onwards. For example the ‘’objet ''[[objet petit a’’ a]]'' is circled by the [[drive]]<ref>Sll, {{S11}} p. 168,</ref> and is seen as the [[cause ]] of [[desire ]] just as ‘’das Ding’’ ''[[thing|das Ding]]'' is seen as “the "the cause of the most fundamental [[human ]] [[passion]].”"<ref>{{S7, }} p. 97</ref> Also, the fact that the [[Thing ]] is not the [[imaginary ]] [[object ]] but firmly in the [[register ]] of the [[real]], <ref>{{S2, l 12}} p. 112</ref> and yet is “that "that which in the real suffers from the [[signifier]],”"<ref>{{S7, }} p. 125</ref> anticipates the transition in [[Lacan]]'s [[thought ]] towards locating ''[[objet petit a mcreasingly ]]'' increasingly in the [[register ]] of the [[real ]] from 1963 on. ==See Also=={{See}}* ''[[Jouissance]]''* [[Language]]||* ''[[Objet petit a]]''* [[Unconscious]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>[[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Imaginary]][[Category:Real]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]] __NOTOC__ <!-- {{Encore}} p. 100 -->