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{{Top}}[[discours]]{{Bottom}}
He [[Lacanidentifies]] identifies ''four possible '' types of [[discourse|social bondbonds]], four possible articulations of the [[symbolic order|symbolic network]] which regulates [[intersubjectivity|intersubjective relations]].
=====Four Discourses=====These "[[discourse|four discourses]]" are the [[discourse|discourse of the master]], the [[discourse|discourse of the university]], the [[discourse|discourse of the hysteric]], and the [[discourse|discourse of the analyst]].
* the [[discourse]] of the '''[[master]]''',* the [[Lacandiscourse]] represents each of the '''[[four discoursesuniversity]] by an ''',* the [[matheme|algorithmdiscourse]]: each of the '''[[matheme|algorithmhysteric]] contains four ''', and* the [[algebraicdiscourse]] of the '''[[symbolanalyst]]s'''.
=====Four Algorithms=====[[Image:Lacan-fourdiscourselettersLetdis.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Algebra]]ic [[symbol]]s from the [[Four Discourses]]]]
The names of the ''four positions are shown below; '' [[Lacansymbol]] gives s correspond to ''four'' different names to these [[discourse|positions at different points ]] in his work, and this figure is taken from each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the 1972-3 seminar.<ref>{{S20}} p[[discourse|four discourses]]. 21</ref>
Each [[Image:Lacan-structurefourdiscourses.jpgmatheme|thumbalgorithm]] of the [[discourse|250pxfour discourses]] has ''four'' different [[discourse|right|The structure of positions]] with which the ''four discourses'' [[symbol]]s correspond.
The [[discourse|position]] of the ''four'' [[symbol]]s always remain in the same order, so each [[discoursematheme|algorithm]] is simply the result of rotating what distinguishes the [[symboldiscourse|four discourses]]s a quarter turnfrom one another.
The top-left position ("[[discourse|the agentfour discourses]]") is the dominant position which defines are distinguished from one another by the [[discourse|positions]] of these ''four'' [[symbol]]s in each [[matheme|algorithm]].
The names of the ''four'' [[four discoursesdiscourse|positions]] are shown in the figure to the right.<ref>{{S20}} p. 21</ref>
=====Discourse of the Master=====[[Image:Lacan-fourdiscoursesMadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Master]]]]The four discourses[[discourse]]of the [[master]] is the basic [[discourse]] from which the other [[three]] [[discourse]]s are derived.
The dominant position is occupied by the [[master signifierdiscourse]] (also illustrates clearly the [[Image:SS1.gifstructure]]), which represents of the [[subjectdialectic]] ('''S''') for another of the [[signifiermaster]] or, more precisely, for all other and the [[signifiers]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]); however, in this signifying operation there is always a [[surplus]], namely, ''[[objet petit amaster|slave]]''.
The point [[master]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]) is the [[discourse|agent]] who puts the [[slave]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]) to [[work]]; the result of this work is a [[surplus]] (''[[objet (petit) a|a]]'') that all the [[master]] attempts at totalisation are doomed to failureappropriate.
The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] (anticlockwise).
This illustrates the fact that behind all attempts to impart an apparently "neutral" [[knowledge]] to the [[other]] can always be located an attempt at [[master]]y ([[master]]y of [[knowledge]], and domination of the [[other]] to whom this [[knowledge]] is imparted).
The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] represents the [[hegemony ]] of [[knowledge]], particularly [[visible ]] in [[modernity ]] in the [[form ]] of the hegemony of [[science]].
===The ==Discourse of the Hysteric=====[[Image:HYSTERICDISCOURSEHysdis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Hysteria|Hysteric]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]], but in a clockwise direction.
The dominant position is occupied by the [[split|divided]] [[subject]], the [[symptom]].
This [[discourse]] is that which points the way towards [[knowledge]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 23</ref>.
[[Psychoanalytic treatment]] involves "the [[structural intro- duction ]] introduction of the [[discourse ]] of the '''[[hysteric ]]''' by means of artificial [[conditions]]"; in other [[words]], the [[analyst]] "[[hysteria|hystericises]]" the [[patient]]'s [[discourse]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 35</ref>
===The ==Discourse of the Analyst=====[[Image:ANALYSTDISCOURSEAnadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Analyst]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[analyst]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] (in the same way as [[Freud]] developed [[psychoanalysis]] by giving an [[interpretation|interpretative]] turn to the [[discourse]] of his [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s).
The position of the [[discourse|agent]], which is the position occupied by the [[analyst]] in the [[treatment]], is occupied by ''[[objet (petit) a|objet petit a]]''; this illustrates the fact that the [[analyst]] must, in the course of the [[treatment]], become the [[cause]] of the [[analysand]]'s [[desire]].<ref>{{Sl7S17}} p. 41</ref>
The fact that this [[discourse]] is the [[inverse ]] of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] emphasises that, for [[Lacan]], [[psychoanalysis]] is an essentially subversive [[practice ]] which undermines all attempts at domination and [[master]]y.<ref> =====Discourse of the Capitalist=====In a few parts of his teaching (notably in his discourse in Milano), Lacan talked [[about]] a new kind of discourse which caracterizes our post-modern [[society]]: the discourse of the [[capitalist]]. The position of the [[agent]], is occupied by the [[subject]] ('''S'''), who does not address the other, but the [[truth]] (this position is now occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), the [[Market]]). Through the Market, the [[subject]] ('''S''') can ask the [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]''), ([[Image:SS2.gif]]), Science and [[Technology]] to produce [[objects]] to be consumed (''[[objet petit a]]''). This objects are made to never feed completely the [[subject's desire]].This discourse is not part of the [[social]] bond [[theory]]. We notice that, in this discourse (contrary to the [[four discourses]]), an arrow hits the position of the truth. With the Discourse of the Capitalist, Lacan tried to account for a new kind of social bonds in which [[The Subject|the subject]] become more and more individualistic, egoistic. The Market is here the new Truth which cannot be contradicted.
==See Also==
==References==
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Terms]]
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