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{{Top}}[[absent]]|absence{{Bottom}}
==Symbolic==
The [[symbolic order]] is characterized by a binary opposition between [[absence]] and [[absence|presence]].<ref>{{S4}} p.67-8</ref>
==Real==This is a basic [[difference]] between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]]. <blockquote>"There is no absence in [[The Real|the real]]. There is only absence if you [[suggest]] that there may be a presence there where there isn't one."<ref>{{S2}} p.313</ref></blockquote> ==Linguistics==As [[Roman Jakobson]] showed with his [[analysis]] of [[phoneme]]s, all [[linguistic]] phenomena may be entirely characterized in [[terms]] of the [[absence|presence]] or [[absence]] of certain distinctive features. ==Fort/Da==[[Lacan]] sees the [[game]] of ''[[fort-da|fort!/da!]]'', which [[Freud]] describes in ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]]'', as a [[primitive]] phonemic opposition representing the child's entry into the [[symbolic order]]. The two sounds made by the [[development|child]], O/A, are "a pair of sounds modulated on presence and absence, and these sounds are related "to the presence and absence of persons and things."<ref>{{E}} p.65, 109, n.46</ref> <!-- In the "[[fort-da]]" game, the [[child]] throws a cotton reel out of its cot in order to [[symbolic|symbolize]] the [[absence]] and [[presence]] of the [[mother]]. [[Symbolic|Symbolization begins when the [[child]] gets its first [[sense]] that something could be [[missing]].-->==Word==In the [[symbolic order]] , [[absence]] has a [[existence|positive existence]] or [[absence|presence]]. <blockquote>"Through the word, which is already a presence made of absence, absence itself comes to be named."nothing exists except upon <ref>{{E}} p.65</ref></blockquote> [[Lacan]] [[notes]] that the [[word]] is "a [[absence|presence]] made of [[absence]]" because:# the [[symbol]] is used in the [[absence]] of the [[thing]] and# [[signifiers]] only exist insofar as they are opposed to [[other]] [[signifiers]].<ref>{{E}} p.65</ref> <!-- There is [[loss]] in the word. [[Language]] can operate only by designating an assumed foundation [[object]] in its ''[[absence]]''. [[Lacan]] argues that [[symbolization]] turns on the [[object]] as ''[[absence]]''. --> ==Presence==Because of the mutual implication of [[absence]] and [[absence|presence]] in the [[symbolic order]], [[absence]] can be said to have an equally positive [[existence]] in the [[symbolic]] as [[absence|presence]]. This is what allows [[Lacan]] to say that "the nothing" (''le rien'') is in itself an [[object]] (a [[partial object]]).<ref>{{S4}} p.184-5</ref> ==Phallus==It is around the [[absence|presence]] and [[absence]] of the [[phallus]] that [[sexual difference]] is [[symbolically]] apprehended by the [[development|child]]. [[Sexual difference]] is apprehended by the [[child]] [[symbolic]]ally around the [[absence|presence]] and [[absence]] of the [[phallus]]. ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Existence]]* [[Fort-Da]]||* [[Linguistics]]* [[Object]]||* [[Phallus]]* [[Sexual difference]]||* [[Signifier]]* [[Symbol]]||* [[Symbolic]]* [[Real]]{{Also}} == References =={{Reflist}}<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>[[Ecrits]] is the essential source for anyone who seeks to [[understand]] this seminal thinker and hisinfluence influence on contemporary [[thought]] and [[culture]]. {{OK}}[[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Linguistics]] __NOTOC__
