Changes

{{Top}}[[absent]]|absence{{Bottom}}

==Jacques Lacan=====The Symbolic Order===

<blockquote>"In [[the symbolic ]] [[order ]] nothing [[exists ]] except upon an assumed foundation of absence. Nothing exists except insofar as it does not [[exist]]."<ref>{{Ec}} p.392</ref></blockquote>

====The Real====This is a basic [[difference ]] between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]].

<blockquote>"There is no absence in [[The Real|the real]]. There is only absence if you [[suggest ]] that there may be a presence there where there isn't one."<ref>{{S2}} p.313</ref></blockquote>

===Absence and Presence=======Linguistics====As [[Roman Jakobson]] showed with his [[analysis ]] of [[phoneme]]s, all [[linguistic]] phenomena may be entirely characterized in [[terms ]] of the [[absence|presence]] or [[absence]] of certain distinctive features.

====Fort/Da Game====[[Lacan]] sees the [[game ]] of ''[[fort-da|fort!/da!]]'', which [[Freud]] describes in ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]]'', as a [[primitive ]] phonemic opposition representing the child's entry into the [[symbolic order]]. The two sounds made by the [[development|child]], O/A, are "a pair of sounds modulated on presence and absence, and these sounds are related "to the presence and absence of persons and things."<ref>{{E}} p.65, 109, n.46</ref>

The two sounds made by <!-- In the "[[fort-da]]" game, the [[development|child]], O/A, are "throws a pair cotton reel out of sounds modulated on presence and its cot in order to [[symbolic|symbolize]] the [[absence, ]] and these sounds are related "to the [[presence and absence ]] of persons and thingsthe [[mother]]."<ref>{{E}} p [[Symbolic|Symbolization begins when the [[child]] gets its first [[sense]] that something could be [[missing]].65, 109, n.46</ref--> ====Word====In the [[symbolic order]], [[absence]] has a positive [[existence|positive existence]] or [[absence|presence]].

[[Lacan]] [[notes ]] that the [[word]] is "a [[absence|presence]] made of [[absence]]" because:

# [[signifiers]] only exist insofar as they are opposed to [[other ]] [[signifiers]].<ref>{{E}} p.65</ref> ====Existence====Because of the mutual implication of [[absence]] and [[absence|presence]] in the [[symbolic order]], [[absence]] can be said to have an equally positive [[existence]] in the [[symbolic]] as [[absence|presence]].

This <!-- There is what allows [[Lacanloss]] to say that "in the nothing" (word. [[Language]] can operate only by designating an [[object]] in its ''le rien[[absence]]'') is in itself an . [[Lacan]] argues that [[symbolization]] turns on the [[object]] (a as ''[[partial objectabsence]])''.<ref>{{S4}} p.184 --5</ref>

====Phallus==Presence==It is around Because of the mutual implication of [[absence]] and [[absence|presence]] and in the [[symbolic order]], [[absence]] of can be said to have an equally positive [[existence]] in the [[phallussymbolic]] that as [[sexual differenceabsence|presence]] . This is what allows [[symbolicallyLacan]] apprehended by to say that "the nothing" (''le rien'') is in itself an [[development|childobject]] (a [[partial object]]).<ref>{{S4}} p.184-5</ref>

==Phallus==It is around the [[absence|presence]] and [[absence]] of the [[phallus]] that [[sexual difference]] is [[symbolically]] apprehended by the [[development|child]]. [[Sexual difference]] is apprehended by the [[child]] [[symbolic]]ally around the [[absence|presence]] and [[absence]] of the [[phallus]].