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=====Translation=====The term "[[acting out]]" is used in the ''[[Standard Edition]]'' to translate the [[German]] [[word]] ''[[Agieren]]'' used by [[Freud]]. =====Repetition=====In [[Freud]]'s [[{{LB}}|work]], "[[repetition|repeating]]" and "[[memory|remembering]]" are "contrasting ways of bringing the ''[[past]]'' into the ''[[present]]''."<ref>Laplanche, Jean and Pontalis, Jean-Betrand. ''The [[Language]] of [[CategoryPsycho]]-[[Analysis]]''. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. [[London]]:PoliticsHogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis. 1967. p.4</ref>If ''past'' events are [[repression|repressed]] from [[memory]], they [[return]] in the ''present'' by expressing themselves in ''actions''; when the [[subject]] does not [[remember]] the ''past'', therefore, he is condemned to [[repetition|repeat]] it by [[acting out|acting it out]]. <blockquote>"The [[patient]] does not ''remember'' anything of what he has forgotten and [[repressed]], but ''[[acts]]'' it out. He reproduces it not as a memory, but as an action; he ''repeats'' it, without, of course, [[knowing]] that he is [[repeating]] it."<ref>{{F}} "[[{{FB}}|Remembering, Repeating, and Working-Through]]." 1914. [[CategorySE]] 12:Jacques 150</ref></blockquote> Conversely, [[psychoanalytic treatment]] aims to break the cycle of [[repetition]] by helping the [[analysand|patient]] to [[remember]]. =====Recollection=====From a [[Lacan]]ian perspective, this basic definition of "[[acting out]]" is [[true]] but incomplete; it ignores the [[dimension]] of the [[Other]]. Thus while [[Lacan]] maintains that [[acting out]] results from a failure to [[recollect]] the ''past'', he emphasizes the [[intersubjective]] dimension of [[recollection]]. In other [[words]], [[recollection]] does not merely involve recalling something to [[consciousness]], but also [[communication|communicating]] this to an [[Other]] by means of [[speech]]. Hence [[acting out]] results when [[recollection]] is made [[impossible]] by the [[refusal]] of the [[Other]] to listen. =====Communication=====When the [[Other]] has become "deaf," the [[subject]] cannot convey a [[message]] to him in words, and is [[forced]] to expressed the [[message]] in [[action]]s. The [[acting out]] is thus a ciphered [[message]] which the [[subject]] addresses to an [[Other]], although the [[subject]] himself is neither [[conscious]] of the [[content]] of this [[message]] nor even aware that his [[action]]s express a [[message]]. It is the [[Other]] who is entrusted with deciphering the [[message]]; yet it is impossible for him to do so. =====See Also====={{See}}* [[Act]]* [[Analysand]]* [[Communication]]||* [[Consciousness]]* [[Intersubjectivity]]* [[Memory]]||* [[Other]]* [[Recollection]]* [[Category:TermsRepetition]]||* [[Category:ConceptsRepression]]* [[Category:PsychoanalysisSubject]]* [[Treatment]]{{Also}} =====References=====<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div> {{OK}}[[Category:Slavoj ŽižekPractice]][[Category:NeurosisTreatment]] __NOTOC__
