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==Biological Concept==The [[concept ]] of [[adaptation]] is a [[biology|biological]] [[:category:concepts|concept]]. Organisms ; [[biology|organism]]s are supposed to be driven to [[adapt ]] themselves to fit the [[biology|environment]].  [[Adaptation]] implies a [[harmonious ]] relation between the ''[[Adaptation|Innenwelt]]'' (inner [[world]]) and ''[[adaptation|Umwelt]]'' (surrounding world).

[[Ego-Psychologypsychology]] applies the [[biological]] concept of [[adaptation]] to [[psychoanalysis]], explaining [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in [[terms]] of [[maladaptive]] [[behavior]] (such as applying archaic [[defense mechanism]]s in contexts where they are no longer appropriate) and arguing that the aim of [[psychoanalytic treatment]] is to [[help]] the [[patient]] [[adapt]] to [[reality]].  [[Ego-Psychologypsychology]] explain [[neurotic]] [[symptom]]s in terms of maladaptive [[behaviour]]. [[Ego-Psychologypsychology]] argues that the aim of [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] is to help the [[patient]] adapt to [[reality]]. == Jacques Lacan==From his early work in the 1930s on, [[Lacan]] opposes any attempt to explain human phenomena in terms of [[adaptation]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.158; {{Ec}} p.171-2</ref>

==Jacques Lacan==From his early [[work]] in the 1930s on, [[Lacan]] opposes any attempt to explain human phenomena in terms of [[adaptation]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.158; {{Ec}} p. 171-2</ref> This forms a constant theme in [[Lacan]]'s work; in 1955, for example, he states that "the [[dimension ]] discovered by [[analysis ]] is the opposite of anything which progresses through adaptation."<ref>{{S2}} p.86</ref>

==One=1. Reality===The stress on the [[adaptation|adaptive function ]] of the [[ego]] misses the [[ego]]'s [[alienation|alienatingfunction]] function and is based on a simplistic and unproblematic view of '"[[reality]]". [[Reality]] is not a simple, [[objective]] [[thing]] to which the [[ego]] must [[adapt]], but is itself a product of the [[ego]]'s [[fiction]]al [[mirror stage|misrepresentations]] and [[projection]]s.

Reality <blockquote>"[Therefore] it is not a simple, objective thing question of adapting to which the ego must adaptit [reality], but is itself a product of showing it [the ego's fictional misrepresentations and projections] that it is only too well adapted, since it assists in the [[construction]] of that very reality."<ref>{{E}} p.236</ref></blockquote>

Therefore "it The task of [[psychoanalysis]] is not a question of adapting rather to it subvert the [reality[illusory]] [[sense]], but of showing it [the ego[adaptation]] that it is only too well adapted, since it assists in this blocks access to the construction of that very reality."<ref>{{E}} p[[unconscious]].236</ref>

The task ===2. Analyst===To set [[adaptation]] as the [[aim]] of the [[psychoanalysistreatment]] is rather to subvert turn the [[illusoryanalyst]] sense into the arbiter of the [[patient]]'s [[adaptation]]. The [[analyst]]'s own "relation to reality thus goes without saying."<ref>{{E}} p.230</ref> It is automatically assumed that the [[analyst]] is better adapted than the [[patient]]. This inevitably turns [[psychoanalysis]] into the exercise of [[power]], since in which the [[analyst]] forces his own [[particular]] view of [[reality]] onto the [[patient]]; this blocks access to the is not [[psychoanalysis]] but [[unconscioussuggestion]].

==Two=3. Gap===To set The [[idea]] of [[harmony]] between the [[biology|organism]] and its [[biology|environment]], implicit in the concept of [[adaptation]] as , is inapplicable to [[human]] [[being]]s because [[human|man]]'s inscription in the [[symbolic]] [[order]] [[nature|de-naturalises]] him and means that "in man the [[aimimaginary]] relation [to nature] has deviated". Whereas "all [[animal]] machines are strictly riveted to the [[conditions]] of the [[treatmentexternal]] [[environment]],"<ref>{{S2}} p. 322</ref> in the [[human]] [[being]] there is "a certain biological gap."<ref>{{S2}} p. 323</ref> Any attempt to turn regain [[harmony]] with [[nature]] overlooks the essentially excessive [[analystdrive]] into the arbiter of potential summed up in the [[patientdeath drive]]. [[Human]] [[being]]'s are essentially [[adaptationmaladaptive]].

The ==Treatment==[[analystLacan]] argues that the stress put by [[ego-psychology]] on the [[adaptation]] of the [[patient]]'s own "relation to [[reality thus goes without saying]] reduces [[psychoanalysis]] to an [[instrument]] of [[social]] [[control]] and conformity."<ref>{{E}} p He sees this as a [[complete]] [[betrayal]] of [[psychoanalysis]], which he regards as an essentially subversive [[practice]].230</ref>

It is automatically assumed that the [[analyst]] is better adapted than the [[patient]].  This inevitably turns [[psychoanalysis]] into the exercise of [[power]], in which the [[analyst]] forces his own particular view of[[reality]] onto the [[patient]]; this is not [[psychoanalysis]] but [[suggestion]]. ==ThreeUnited States==The idea of [[harmony]] between the organism and its environment, implicit in the concept of [[adaptation]], is inapplicable to human beings because man's inscription in the [[symbolic]] [[order]] de-naturalises him and means that 'in man the [[imaginary]] relation [to nature] has deviated'.  Any attempt to regain [[harmony]] with [[nature]] overlooks the essentially excessive [[drive]] potential summed up in the [[death drive]].  Human beings are essentially maladaptive. -- [[Lacan]] argues that the stress put by [[ego-psychology]] on the [[adaptation]] of the [[patient]] to [[reality]] reduces [[psychoanalysis]] to an instrument of social control and conformity.  He sees this as a complete betrayal of [[psychoanalysis]], which he regards as an essentially subversive practice. -- [[Lacan]] regards it as significant that the [[adaptation]] theme was developed by the European psychoanalysts [[psychoanalyst]]s who had emigrated to the USA in the late 1930s.  These analysts [[analyst]]s felt not only that they had to [[adapt ]] to [[life ]] in the USA, but also that they ahd had to [[adapt ]] [[psychoanalysis ]] to American tastes.<ref>{{E}} p.115</ref>

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