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Algebra

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==Jacques Lacan==
[[Jacques Lacan]] begins to use [[algebraic]] [[symbol]]s in 1955 -- in an attempt to [[formalize]] [[psychoanalysis]].
<center>''See ===Formalization of Psychoanalysis=== Three main reasons lie behind this attempt at [[formalization]]. :1. [[Formalization]]'' is necessary for [[psychoanalysis]] to acquire [[scientific]] status. :Just as [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]] uses quasi-mathematical formulae in an attempt to set [[anthropology]] on a more''[[scientific]] footing, [[Lacan]] attempts to do the same for [[psychoanalysis]] :[[Lacan]] used quasi-mathematical formulae in an attempt to set [[psychoanalysis]] on a more [[scientific]] footing. :2. [[Formalization]] can provide a core of [[psychoanalytic theory]] which can be transmitted integrally even to those who have never experienced [[psychoanalytic treatment]]. :The [[matheme|formulae]] thus become an essential aspect of the [[training]] of [[psychoanalysis]] which take their place alongside [[training|training analysis]] as a medium for the transmission of [[psychoanalytic]] [[knowledge]]. :3. [[Formalization]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] in terms of [[algebraic]] [[symbols]] is a means of preventing [[knowledge|intuitive understanding]], which [[Lacan]] regards as an [[imaginary]] [[lure]] which hinders access to the [[symbolic]]. :Rather than being understood in an intuitive way, the [[algebraic]] [[symbols]] are to be used, manipulated and read in various different ways.<ref>{{E}} p.313</centerref>
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However, it is important to remember that the [[symbol]]s do not always refer to the same concept throughout [[Lacan]]'s work, but are used in different ways as his work develops.
Even other [[symbol]]s which are relatively stable in [[meaning]] are occasionally used in very different ways. Therefore some caution should be exercised when referring to the following list of equivalences.   -- The typographic details and diacritics are extremely important in [[Lacan]]ian [[algebra]]. 
The most important example of such a shift in meaning is difference between upper- and lower-case [[symbol]]s, the difference between italicised and non-italicised [[symbol]]s, the use of the symbol ''a'' which is used in radically different ways in apostrophe, the 1950s minus [[sign]], and subscripts; all these details play their part in the 1960s[[algebraic]] system. For example the upper-case letters usually refer to the [[symbolic]] [[order]], whereas the lower-case letters usually refer to the [[imaginary]].  The use of the [[bar]] is also important.
Even other [[symbol]]s which are relatively stable in [[meaning]] are occasionally used in very different ways.
Therefore some caution should be exercised when referring to the following list of equivalences.[[category:Jacques Lacan]]
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