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==The Concept of the Sign==
[[Image:SAUSSUREANALGORITHM.gif|thumb|150px|right|[[Saussurean algorithm|The Saussurean algorithm]]]]
The term "[[bar]]" first appears in [[Lacan]]'s [[work]] in 1957, where it is introduced in the context of a [[discussion]] of [[Ferdinand de Saussure]]'s [[concept]] of the [[sign]].<ref>{{E}} p.149</ref>In this context, the [[bar]] is the line that separates the [[signifier]] from the [[signified]] (in the [[Saussurean algorithm]]), and stands for the [[resistance]] inherent in [[signification]] which is only crossed in [[metaphor]].
==The Barred Subject==
Not long after the 1957 paper in which the term first appears, in the [[seminar]] of 1957-8, [[Lacan]] goes on to use the [[bar]] to strike through his [[algebraic]] [[symbol]]s '''S''' and '''A''' in a manner reminiscent of [[Heidegger]]'s [[practice]] of crossing out the [[word]] "[[being]]."<ref>[[Heidegger|Heidegger, Martin]]. (1956) ''The Question of Being'', trans. William Kluback and Jean T. WIlde, [[London]]: [[Vision]], 1959.</ref>The [[bar]] is used to strike through the '''S''' to produce, [[Image:StrikeS.gif]], the "[[bar|barred subject']]." The [[bar]] here represents the [[division]] of the [[subject]] by [[language]], the [[split]]. Thus whereas before 1957 '''S''' designates the [[subject]] (e.g. in [[schema L]]), from 1957 on '''S''' designates the [[signifier]] and [[Image:StrikeS.gif]] designates the ([[divided]]) [[subject]].
==The term Barred Other==The [[bar]] is also used to strike through the '''A'''(the [[big Other]]) to produce the [[algebra]]ic notation for the "[[bar|barred Other]]," <strike>'' ('A'barre'')</strike>. However, used by [[Jacques Lacan]] continues to use both [[sign]]s in his [[algebra]] (e.g. in the context of a discussion [[graph of desire]]). The [[bar]]red [[SaussureOther]]'s concept of is the [[signOther]] insofar as it is [[castration|castrated]], [[lack|incomplete]], marked by a [[lack]], refers as opposed to the line that separates the [[signifierlack|complete]] from the , [[signifiedfragmented body|consistent]] (in the , [[Saussurean algorithmcastration|uncastrated]]) and stands for the [[resistanceOther]] inherent in , an [[significationun-barred]] '''A''', which is only crossed in does not [[metaphorexistence|exist]].<ref>Ecrits. p.149</ref>
=="Woman Does Not Exist"==
In 1973 the [[bar]] is used to strike through the definite article ''la'' whenever it precedes the noun ''[[woman|femme]]'' ("[[woman]]"), as in [[Lacan]]'s famous phrase ''[[woman|la femme n'existe pas]]'' ("[[woman|woman does not exist]]"). The definite article in [[French]] indicates [[universality]], and by crossing it out [[Lacan]] illustrates his [[thesis]] that [[femininity]] is resistant to all forms of generalisation.<ref>{{S20}} p.68</ref>
==See Also=={| width=100%|* [[Algebra]]* [[Castration]]The bar here represents the division of the subject by language, the SPLIT. * [[Division]]||* [[Language]]* [[Other]]* [[Sign]]||Thus whereas before 1957 S designates the subject (e.g. in schema L), from 1957 on S designates the signifier and S designates the (divided) subject. The bar is also used to strike through the A (the big Other) to produce the algebraic notation for the 'barred Other', A .* [[Signification]]However, Lacan continues to use both signs in his algebra (e.g. in the graph of desire). The barred Other is the Other insofar as it is castrated, incomplete, marked by a lack, as opposed to the complete, consistent, uncastrated Other, an un-barred A, which does not exist.* [[Signified]]* [[Signifier]]||In 1973 the * [[barSplit]] is used to strike through the definite article ''la'' whenever it precedes the noun ''femme'' (w'oman'), as in * [[LacanSubject]]'s famous phrase ''kffemme n existe pas'' ('* [[woman does not existWoman]]'). The definite article in French indicates universality, and by crossing it out Lacan illustrates his thesis that femininity is resistant to all forms of generalisation (see S20, 68).In addition to these functions, the bar can also be interpreted as the symbolic phallus (which itself is never barred), as the symbol of negation in theformulae of sexuation (see SEXUAL DIFFERENCE), and as the trait unaire (see IDENTIFICATION).|}
== References ==
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Linguistics]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Concepts]]
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