Difference between revisions of "Being"
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | [[ | + | : [[Fr]]. ''[[être]]'' |
| − | [[Lacan]] argues that it is necessary for | + | =====Jacques Lacan===== |
| + | =====Metaphysical and Philosophical Foundations of Psychoanalytic Theory===== | ||
| + | =====Metaphysics and Philosophy===== | ||
| + | [[Lacan]]'s use of the term "[[being]]" introduces a metaphysical note to his discourse that distinguishes it from most other [[school]]s of [[psychoanalytic theory]], which refuse to engage with their metaphysical and philosophical foundations.<ref>{{E}} p.228</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | =====Analyst in Relation to Being===== | ||
| + | [[Lacan]] argues that it is necessary for [[psychoanalyst]]s to engage with such concerns, for when the [[analyst]] intervenes his action "goes to the heart of [the analysand's] being," and this also affects his own [[being]], since he cannot "remain alone outside the field of play."<ref>{{E}} p.228</ref> | ||
Hence "it is certainly in the relation to being that the analyst has to find his operating level."<ref>{{E}} p.252</ref> | Hence "it is certainly in the relation to being that the analyst has to find his operating level."<ref>{{E}} p.252</ref> | ||
| − | [[Lacan]] also argues that during the course of the [[treatment]] the [[analyst]] is subjected to a progressive loss of being ( | + | =====Psychoanalytic Treatment===== |
| + | =====Loss of Being===== | ||
| + | [[Lacan]] also argues that during the course of the [[treatment]] the [[analyst]] is subjected to a progressive [[being|loss of being]] (''[[being|désêtre]]''), as he is gradually reduced to being a mere [[object]] for the [[analysand]]. | ||
| − | == | + | =====Martin Heidegger===== |
[[Lacan]]'s discussion of [[being]] is clearly influenced by the ideas of [[Martin Heidegger]]. | [[Lacan]]'s discussion of [[being]] is clearly influenced by the ideas of [[Martin Heidegger]]. | ||
| − | [[Being]] belongs to the [[symbolic | + | =====Symbolic Order===== |
| + | [[Being]] belongs to the [[symbolic order]], since it is "the relation to the Other in which being finds its status."<ref>{{E}} p.251</ref> | ||
| − | This relation, like the [[Other]] itself, is marked by a [[lack]] (''manque''), and the [[subject]] is constituted by this [[lack]] of [[being]] (''manque-à-être''), which gives rise to [[desire]], a want-to-be (''manque-à-être''); [[desire]] is thus essentially a [[desire]] for [[being]]. | + | =====Lack of Being===== |
| + | =====Desire for Being===== | ||
| + | This relation, like the [[Other]] itself, is marked by a [[lack]] (''[[lack|manque]]''), and the [[subject]] is constituted by this [[lack]] of [[being]] (''[[lack|manque-à-être]]''), which gives rise to [[desire]], a [[lack|want-to-be]] (''[[lack|manque-à-être]]''); [[desire]] is thus essentially a [[desire]] for [[being]]. | ||
| − | == | + | =====Being and Existence===== |
Whenever [[Lacan]] opposes [[being]] to [[existence]], it is with [[existence]] in the [[real]], which contrasts with the [[symbolic]] function of [[being]]. | Whenever [[Lacan]] opposes [[being]] to [[existence]], it is with [[existence]] in the [[real]], which contrasts with the [[symbolic]] function of [[being]]. | ||
| − | Something may thus be without existing, when it is constructed from [[speech]] but finds no correlate in the [[real]] (e.g. the complete [[Other]]). | + | Something may thus ''be'' without ''[[existence|existing]]'', when it is constructed from [[speech]] but finds no correlate in the [[real]] (e.g. the complete [[Other]]). |
| − | Conversely, something may exist without being, such as the | + | Conversely, something may ''[[existence|exist]]'' without ''[[being]]'', such as the "ineffable, stupid existence" of the [[subject]], which cannot be completely reduced to a signifying articulation.<ref>{{E}} p.194</ref> |
==More== | ==More== | ||
| − | [[Lacan]] coins the neologism '''parlêtre''' from the verbal noun ''être'' ( | + | [[Lacan]] coins the neologism '''[[parlêtre]]''' from the verbal noun ''[[être]]'' ("[[being]]") and the verb ''[[speech|parler]]'' ("[[speech|to speak]]") to emphasize his point that [[being]] is constituted in and through [[language]]. |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| + | A [[human]] [[being]] is above all a [[parlêtre|speaking being]]. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
| + | * [[Analysand]] | ||
| + | * [[Analyst]] | ||
* [[Desire]] | * [[Desire]] | ||
| + | * [[Existence]] | ||
| + | * [[Speech]] | ||
| + | * [[Subject]] | ||
* [[Symbolic]] | * [[Symbolic]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 39: | Line 52: | ||
[[Category:Philosophy]] | [[Category:Philosophy]] | ||
[[Category:Dictionary]] | [[Category:Dictionary]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Language]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Symbolic]] | ||
[[Category:Concepts]] | [[Category:Concepts]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Subject]] | ||
[[Category:Terms]] | [[Category:Terms]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Real]] | ||
| + | [[Category:OK]] | ||
Revision as of 10:52, 18 August 2006
Contents
- 1 Jacques Lacan
- 2 Metaphysical and Philosophical Foundations of Psychoanalytic Theory
- 3 Metaphysics and Philosophy
- 4 Analyst in Relation to Being
- 5 Psychoanalytic Treatment
- 6 Loss of Being
- 7 Martin Heidegger
- 8 Symbolic Order
- 9 Lack of Being
- 10 Desire for Being
- 11 Being and Existence
- 12 More
- 13 See Also
- 14 References
Jacques Lacan
Metaphysical and Philosophical Foundations of Psychoanalytic Theory
Metaphysics and Philosophy
Lacan's use of the term "being" introduces a metaphysical note to his discourse that distinguishes it from most other schools of psychoanalytic theory, which refuse to engage with their metaphysical and philosophical foundations.[1]
Analyst in Relation to Being
Lacan argues that it is necessary for psychoanalysts to engage with such concerns, for when the analyst intervenes his action "goes to the heart of [the analysand's] being," and this also affects his own being, since he cannot "remain alone outside the field of play."[2]
Hence "it is certainly in the relation to being that the analyst has to find his operating level."[3]
Psychoanalytic Treatment
Loss of Being
Lacan also argues that during the course of the treatment the analyst is subjected to a progressive loss of being (désêtre), as he is gradually reduced to being a mere object for the analysand.
Martin Heidegger
Lacan's discussion of being is clearly influenced by the ideas of Martin Heidegger.
Symbolic Order
Being belongs to the symbolic order, since it is "the relation to the Other in which being finds its status."[4]
Lack of Being
Desire for Being
This relation, like the Other itself, is marked by a lack (manque), and the subject is constituted by this lack of being (manque-à-être), which gives rise to desire, a want-to-be (manque-à-être); desire is thus essentially a desire for being.
Being and Existence
Whenever Lacan opposes being to existence, it is with existence in the real, which contrasts with the symbolic function of being.
Something may thus be without existing, when it is constructed from speech but finds no correlate in the real (e.g. the complete Other).
Conversely, something may exist without being, such as the "ineffable, stupid existence" of the subject, which cannot be completely reduced to a signifying articulation.[5]
More
Lacan coins the neologism parlêtre from the verbal noun être ("being") and the verb parler ("to speak") to emphasize his point that being is constituted in and through language.
A human being is above all a speaking being.
See Also
References
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.228
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.228
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.252
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.251
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.194
