Changes

[[Lacan]]'s use of the term '[[being]]' (''{{Topp}}être'') introduces a metaphysical note to his discourse that distinguishes it from most other [[school]]s of [[psychoanalytic theory]], which refuse to engage with their metaphysical and philosophical foundations.<ref>{{EBottom}} p.228</ref>

=====Jacques Lacan==========Metaphysical and Philosophical Foundations of Psychoanalytic Theory==========Metaphysics and Philosophy=====[[Lacan]] argues that it is necessary for psychoanalysts to engage with such concerns, for when 's use of the term "[[analystbeing]] intervenes his action "goes introduces a metaphysical note to the heart his [[discourse]] that distinguishes it from most other [[school]]s of [the analysand's[psychoanalytic theory]] being," which refuse to engage with their metaphysical and this also affects his own [[beingphilosophical]], since he cannot "remain alone outside the field of playfoundations."<ref>{{E}} p.228</ref>

=====Analyst in Relation to Being=====[[Lacan]] argues that it is necessary for [[psychoanalyst]]s to engage with such concerns, for when the [[analyst]] intervenes his [[action]] "goes to the heart of [the analysand's] being," and this also affects his own [[being]], since he cannot "remain alone [[outside]] the field of play."<ref>{{E}} p. 228</ref> Hence "it is certainly in the relation to being that the analyst has to find his operating level."<ref>{{E}} p.252</ref>

=====Psychoanalytic Treatment==========Loss of Being=====[[Lacan]] also argues that during the course of the [[treatment]] the [[analyst]] is subjected to a progressive [[being|loss of being ]] (Fr. ''[[being|désêtre]]''), as he is gradually reduced to being a mere [[object]] for the [[analysand]].

==More===Martin Heidegger=====[[Lacan]]'s [[discussion ]] of [[being]] is clearly influenced by the [[ideas ]] of [[Martin Heidegger]].

=====Symbolic Order=====[[Being]] belongs to the [[symbolic]] [[order]], since it is "the relation to the Other in which being finds its status."<ref>{{E}} p.251</ref>

=====Lack of Being==========Desire for Being=====This relation, like the [[Other]] itself, is marked by a [[lack]] (''[[lack|manque]]''), and the [[subject]] is constituted by this [[lack]] of [[being]] (''[[lack|manque-à-être]]''), which gives rise to [[desire]], a [[lack|want-to-be ]] (''[[lack|manque-à-être]]''); [[desire]] is thus essentially a [[desire]] for [[being]].

==More===Being and Existence=====Whenever [[Lacan]] opposes [[being]] to [[existence]], it is with [[existence]] in the [[real]], which contrasts with the [[symbolic]] function of [[being]].   Something may thus ''be '' without ''[[existence|existing]]'', when it is constructed from [[speech]] but finds no correlate in the [[real]] (e.g. the [[complete ]] [[Other]]).   Conversely, something may ''[[existence|exist ]]'' without ''[[being]]'', such as the '"ineffable, stupid existence' " of the [[subject]], which cannot be completely reduced to a signifying articulation.<ref>{{E}} p.194</ref>

[[Lacan]] coins the neologism '''[[parlêtre]]''' from the [[verbal ]] noun ''[[être]]'' ('"[[being']]") and the verb ''[[speech|parler]]'' ('"[[speech|to speak']]") to emphasise emphasize his point that [[being]] is constituted in and through [[language]].   A [[human]] [[being]] is above all a [[parlêtre|speaking being]].-->

 {{Also}}