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{{Topp}}cartels|cartel{{Bottom}}
=Jacques Lacan=
==History==
The [[cartel]] is the basic [[working]] unit on which [[Lacan]] based his [[school]] of [[psychoanalysis]], the ''[[École Freudienne de Psychanalyse]]'' ([[EFP]]), and most [[Lacan]]ian [[associations]] continue to organize [[work]] in [[cartels]] today.
In his [[Founding Act]] on [[{{Y}}#1964|21 June 1964]], [[Lacan]] introduced the [[cartel]] in the following way:
<blockquote>"Those who enter this School will undertake to fulfil a task that is [[subject]] to both [[internal]] and [[external]] supervision. In [[exchange]] they are assured that [[nothing]] will be spared in [[order]] that anything valuable they do gets the attention it deserves and in the appropriate [[place]]. To carry out this work we shall adopt the [[principle]] of sustained elaboration in small groups.”</blockquote>
==School==
The [[cartel]] is essentially a study group consisting of ''[[three]]'' to ''five'' [[people]] (though [[Lacan]] considers ''four'' the optimum [[number]]), plus a supervisor (known as a "[[plus-one]]" (''[[plus-un]]'')) who moderates the group's work. A [[cartel]] is created when a group of people decide to work together on a [[particular]] aspect of [[psychoanalytic theory]] which is of interest to [[them]], and it is then registered in the [[school]]'s [[list]] of [[cartels]].
==Membership==
Although [[participation]] in [[cartels]] plays an important part in the [[training]] (''[[formation]]'') of [[Lacan]]ian [[analysts]], membership of [[cartels]] is not restricted to members of the [[school]]. Indeed, [[Lacan]] welcomed the exchange of [[ideas]] between [[analysts]] and those from [[other]] disciplines, and saw the [[cartel]] as one [[structure]] which would serve to encourage this exchange.
==IPA==
By organizing research work around a small-scale unit like the [[cartel]], [[Lacan]] hoped to avoid the effects of massification which he regarded as partly to blame for the sterility of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]] ([[IPA]]).
=See Also=
{{See}}
* [[Analyst]]
* ''[[École Freudienne de Psychanalyse]]''
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* [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]
* [[Pass]]
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* [[School]]
* [[Training]]
{{Also}}
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