Changes

It is the refusal of [[castration complex|castration]] that lies at the root of all [[neurosis|psychopathological]] [[structure]]s.  However, since it is impossible to accept [[castration complex|castration]] entirely, a completely "normal" position is never achieved. The closest to such a position is the [[neurosis|neurotic]] [[structure]], but even here the [[subject]] still defends himself against the [[lack]] in the [[Other]] by repressing awareness of [[castration complex|castration]].  This prevents the [[neurotic]] from fully assuming his [[desire]], since "it is the assumption of castration that creates the lack upon which desire is instituted."<ref>{{Ec}} p. 852</ref>

The [[psychotic]] takes the most extreme path of all; he completely repudiates [[castration complex|castration]], as if it had never existed.<ref>{{S1}} p. 53</ref> This repudiation of [[castration complex|symbolic castration]] leads to the return of [[castration complex|castration]] in the [[real]], such as in the form of [[hallucinations]] of [[fragmented body|dismemberment]] (as in the case of the [[Wolf Man]]) or even self-mutilation of the [[real]] [[genital|genital organ]]s.

It is only by assuming [[castration complex|castration]] (in both senses) that the [[subject]] can take up a [[sexual difference|sexual position]] as a [[man]] or a [[woman]].  The different modalities of refusing [[castration complex|castration]] find expression in the various forms of [[perversion]].