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==Jacques Lacan==
The concept of [[causality]] forms an important thread that runs throughout [[Lacan]]'s entire work.
==Psychosis==It first appears in the context of the question of the [[cause]] of [[psychosis]], which is a central concern of [[Lacan]]'s doctoral thesis <ref>{{L}} ''[[Works of Jacques Lacan|De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité]]''. Paris: Seuil, 1975.</ref>.
==Psychical Causality==
[[Lacan]] returns to this question in 1946, where the [[cause]] of [[madness]] becomes the very essence of all psychical [[causality]].
In the 1946 paper he reiterates his earlier view that a specifically [[psyche|psychical ]] [[cause]] is needed to explain [[psychosis]]; however, he also questions the possibility of defining '"[[psychical' ]]" in terms of a simple opposition to the concept of matter, and this leads him, in 1955, to dispense with the simplistic notion of '"psychogenesis' ."<ref>{{S3}} p.7</ref>. ---
===Symbolic and Real==
In the 1950s [[Lacan]] begins to address the very concept of [[causality]] itself, arguing that it is to be situated on the border between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]]; it implies "a mediation between the chain of symbols and the real."<ref>{{S2}} p.192</ref>.
==Science==He argues that the concept of [[causality]], which underpins all [[science]], is itself a non-scientific concept; "the very notion of cause ... is established on the basis of an original wager."<ref>{{S2}} p.192</ref>. ---
==Anxiety==
In the [[seminar]] of 1962-3, [[Lacan]] argues that the true [[meaning]] of [[causality]] should be looked for in the phenomenon of [[anxiety]], for [[anxiety]] is the cause of doubt.
==Cause of Desire==He then links this with the concept of ''[[objet petit a]]'', which is now defined as the [[cause]] of [[desire]], rather than that towards which [[desire]] tends. --
==Aristotle==
In 1964, [[Lacan]] uses [[Aristotle]]'s typology of [[cause]]s to illustrate the difference between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]].
==Freudian Case==
[[Lacan]] also plays on the ambiguity of the term, since besides being "that which provokes an effect," a [[cause]] is also "that for which one fights, that which one defends."
[[Lacan]] clearly sees himself as fighting for "the Freudian cause," although this fight can only be won when one realises that the [[cause]] of the [[unconscious]] is always "a lost cause."<ref>{{S11}} p.128</ref>.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Anxiety]]
* [[Chance]]
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* [[Desire]]
* [[Madness]]
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* ''[[Objet (petit) a]]''
* [[Psychosis]]
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* [[Real]]
* [[Symbolic]]
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* [[Unconscious]]
* [[Truth]]
{{Also}}
==References==
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
{{OK}}
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