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==Jacques Lacan==The [[concept ]] of [[causality ]] forms an important thread that runs throughout [[Lacan]]'s entire úuvre. It first appears in the context of the question of the cause of psychosis, which is a central concern of Lacan's doctoral thesis (Lacan, 1932). Lacan returns to this question in 1946, where the cause of madness becomes the very essence of all psychical causality. In the 1946 paper he reiterates his earlier view that a specifically psychical cause is needed to explain psychosis; however, he also questions the possibility of defining 'psychical' in terms of a simple opposition to the concept of matter, and this leads him, in 1955, to dispense with the simplistic notion of 'psychogenesis' (S3, 7)[[work]].
In ==Psychosis==It first appears in the 1950s Lacan begins to address the very concept context of causality itself, arguing that it is to be situated on the border between the symbolic and the real; it implies 'a mediation between the chain question of symbols and the real' (S2, 192). He argues that the concept [[cause]] of causality[[psychosis]], which underpins all science, is itself a non-scientific concept; central concern of [[Lacan]]'s doctoral [[thesis]] <ref>{{L}} ''the very notion [[Works of cause . Jacques Lacan|De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité]]''. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1975. is established on the basis of an original wager' (S2, 192)</ref>.
In ==Psychical Causality==[[Lacan]] returns to this question in 1946, where the seminar [[cause]] of 1962-3, Lacan argues that [[madness]] becomes the true meaning very [[essence]] of all psychical [[causality should be looked for in ]]. In the phenomenon of anxiety1946 paper he reiterates his earlier view that a specifically [[psyche|psychical]] [[cause]] is needed to explain [[psychosis]]; however, for anxiety is he also questions the cause possibility of defining "[[psychical]]" in [[terms]] of doubt. He then links this with a simple opposition to the concept of OBJETPETITAmatter, and this leads him, which is now defined as in 1955, to dispense with the cause simplistic [[notion]] of desire, rather than that towards which desire tends"psychogenesis."<ref>{{S3}} p. 7</ref>.
==Symbolic and Real==In 1964, the 1950s [[Lacan uses Aristotle's typology ]] begins to address the very concept of causes [[causality]] itself, arguing that it is to illustrate be situated on the difference border between the [[symbolic ]] and the [[real]]; it implies "a mediation between the [[chain]] of [[symbols]] and [[The Real|the real (see cHANCE)]]."<ref>{{S2}} p.192</ref>.
Lacan returns to ==Science==He argues that the subject concept of [[causality in his 1965-6 seminar]], where he distinguishes between magicwhich underpins all [[science]], religion, science and psychoanalysis is itself a non-[[scientific]] concept; "the very notion of cause ... is established on the basis to their relationship to truth as cause (see Lacan, 1965a)of an original wager."<ref>{{S2}} p. 192</ref>.
Lacan also plays on ==Anxiety==In the ambiguity [[seminar]] of the term1962-3, since besides being 'that which provokes an effect', a cause is also '[[Lacan]] argues that the [[true]] [[meaning]] of [[causality]] should be looked for which one fightsin the phenomenon of [[anxiety]], that which one defends'. Lacan clearly sees himself as fighting for 'the Freudian cause' (the name he gave to the school he founded in 1980), although this fight can only be won when one realises that [[anxiety]] is the cause of the unconscious is always 'a lost cause' (Sll, 128)[[doubt]].
==Cause of Desire==He then [[links]] this with the concept of ''[[objet petit a]]'', which is now defined as the [[cause]] of [[desire]], causality, 21, 23, 52, 70, 128 rather than that towards which [[Seminar XIdesire]]tends.
==Aristotle==
In 1964, [[Lacan]] uses [[Aristotle]]'s typology of [[cause]]s to illustrate the [[difference]] between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]].
==ReferencesTruth==[[Lacan]] returns to the [[subject]] of [[causality]] in his 1965-6 [[seminar]], where he distinguishes between [[magic]], [[religion]], [[science]] and [[psychoanalysis]] on the basis to their [[relationship]] to [[truth]] as [[cause]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 855-77<references/ref>
==Freudian Case==
[[Lacan]] also plays on the ambiguity of the term, since besides [[being]] "that which provokes an effect," a [[cause]] is also "that for which one fights, that which one [[defends]]."
[[Lacan]] clearly sees himself as fighting for "the [[Freudian]] cause," although this fight can only be won when one realises that the [[cause]] of the [[unconscious]] is always "a lost cause."<ref>{{S11}} p. 128</ref>.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Anxiety]]
* [[Chance]]
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* [[Desire]]
* [[Madness]]
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* ''[[Objet (petit) a]]''
* [[Psychosis]]
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* [[Real]]
* [[Symbolic]]
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* [[Unconscious]]
* [[Truth]]
{{Also}}
==References==
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[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]]__NOTOC__
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