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Complex

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The term "[[complex]]" occupies an important place in [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]] (-- before 1950, where it is closely related to the ''[[imago]]'').
 
(Whereas the [[imago]] designates an [[imaginary]] stereoty[e relating to one person, the [[complex]] is a whole constellation of interacting ''[[imago]]s''.
 
==Dictionary==
The term is used in both Freudian psychoanalysis and Jungian analytic psychology to describe organized sets of ideas and memories that are largely unconscious but have enormous affective power.
 
Within Freudian psychoanalysis, the term is used very sparingly and is normally restrited to the [[Oedipus complex]] and the related [[castration complex]].
==Complex and Imago==
The term "[[complex]]" occupies an important [[place]] in [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]] before 1950, where it is closely related to the [[imago]].
before 1950, where it is closely related to Whereas the [[image]].  The ''[[imago]]'' designates an [[imaginary]] stereotype relating to one person.  , the [[complex]] is a [[whole ]] constellation of interacting ''[[imago]]s''; it is the [[internalisationinternalization]] of the [[subject]]'s earliest social [[structure|social structure]]s (i.e. the relationships between the various actors in his [[family ]] [[environment]]).
A [[complex]] involves multiple [[identification]]s with all the interacting ''[[imago]]s'', and thus provides a script according to which the [[subject]] is led "to play out, as the sole actor, the drama of conflicts' between the members of his family."<ref>{{Ec}} p.90</ref>
--==Complex and Instinct==In his pre-war [[work]], [[Lacan]] argues that it is because [[human]] [[psychology]] is based on the [[complex]]es, which are entirely [[cultural]] products, rather than on [[natural]] [[instinct]]s, that [[human ]] [[behaviour]] cannot be explained by reference to [[biological]] givens.  Nevertheless, while drawing this explicit contrast between [[complex]]es and [[instinct]]s, [[Lacan]] also recognises that [[complex]]es may be compared to [[instinct]]s in that they make up for the [[instinct]]ual inadequacy (insuffisance vitale) of the [[human]] [[infant]], and argues that the [[complex]]es are propped on [[biological]] functions such as [[weaning]].<ref>Lacan, 1938: 32-3</ref> -- In 1938 [[Lacan]] identifies three "[[family complexes]]," each of which is the trace of a "psychical crisis" which accompanies a "life crisis."  The first of these [[complex]]es is the [[weaning]] [[complex]] (''[[complexe du sevrage]]'').  Taking up the idea of a "trauma of weaning," first developed by René Laforgue in the 1920s, [[Lacan]] argues that no matter how late [[weaning]] occurs, it is always perceived by the [[infant]] as coming too early. <blockquote>Whether [[trauma]]tic or not, [[weaning]] leaves in the [[human]] [[psyche]] a permanent trace of the [[biological]] relation which it interrupts. This life crisis is in effect accompanied by a psychical crisis, without doubt the first whose solution has a [[dialectic]]al [[structure]].<ref>Lacan, 1938: 27</ref></blockquote> -- After the [[weaning]] [[complex]] comes the [[intrusion complex]] (''[[complexe de l'intrusion]]''), which represents the experience that the [[child]] has when he realises that he has siblings.
The Nevertheless, while drawing this [[childexplicit]] must then cope with contrast between [[complex]]es and [[instinct]]s, [[Lacan]] also recognizes that [[complex]]es may be compared to [[instinct]]s in that they make up for the fact [[instinct]]ual inadequacy (''insuffisance vitale'') of the [[human]] [[infant]], and argues that he is no longer the exclusive [[objectcomplex]]es are propped on [[biological]] functions such as [[weaning]] of his parents' attention. <ref>{{1938}} p.32-3</ref>
The third and final ==Family Complexes==In 1938 [[Lacan]] [[identifies]] [[three]] "[[family complexcomplexes]] ," each of which is the trace of a "[[psychical]] crisis" which accompanies a "[[Oedipus Complexlife]]crisis."
--===Weaning Complex===The first of these [[complex]]es is the [[weaning|weaning complex]] (''[[complexe du sevrage]]''). Taking up the [[idea]] of a "trauma of weaning," first developed by René Laforgue in the 1920s, [[Lacan]] argues that no matter how late [[weaning]] occurs, it is always perceived by the [[infant]] as coming too early.
After their appearance <blockquote>"Whether [[trauma]]tic or not, [[weaning]] leaves in the 1938 paper, [[human]] [[psyche]] a permanent trace of the terms "[[weaning complexbiological]]" and "relation which it interrupts. This life crisis is in effect accompanied by a psychical crisis, without [[intrusion complexdoubt]]" disappear almost completely from the first whose solution has a [[Lacandialectic]]'s al [[Works of Jacques Lacan|workstructure]]."<ref>{{1938}} p.27</ref></blockquote>
However, ===Intrusion Complex===After the [[weaning]] [[complex]] comes the [[Oedipus intrusion complex]] remains a fundamental reference point throughout(''[[complexe de l'intrusion]]''), and this which represents the [[experience]] that the [[child]] has when he realizes that he has siblings. The [[child]] must then cope with the fact that he is complemented by a growing interest, from 1956 on, in no longer the exclusive [[castration complexobject]] of his [[parents]]' attention.
===Oedipus Complex===
The [[third]] and final [[family complex]] is the [[Oedipus Complex]]. After their [[appearance]] in the 1938 paper, the [[terms]] "[[weaning complex]]" and "[[intrusion complex]]" [[disappear]] almost completely from [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]]. However, the [[Oedipus complex]] remains a fundamental reference point throughout, and this is complemented by a growing interest, from 1956 on, in the [[castration complex]].
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Biology]]
* [[Castration complex]]
* [[Culture]]
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* [[Development]]
* [[Imago]]
* [[Intrusion complex]]
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* [[Instinct]]
* [[Nature]]
* [[Oedipus complex]]
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* [[Structure]]
* [[Subject]]
* [[Weaning|Weaning complex]]
{{Also}}
==References==
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[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Practice]]
[[Category:Treatment]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
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