Difference between revisions of "Complex"

From No Subject - Encyclopedia of Psychoanalysis
Jump to: navigation, search
(The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles).)
 
(7 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
+
{{Top}}complexe{{Bottom}}
 
 
The term "[[complex]]" ([[Fr]]. ''[[complexe]]'') occupies an important place in [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]] (-- before 1950, where it is closely related to the [[imago]]).
 
 
 
(Whereas the [[imago]] designates an [[imaginary]] stereoty[e relating to one person, the [[complex]] is a whole constellation of interacting ''[[imago]]s''.
 
 
 
==Dictionary==
 
The term is used in both Freudian psychoanalysis and Jungian analytic psychology to describe organized sets of ideas and memories that are largely unconscious but have enormous affective power.
 
 
 
Within Freudian psychoanalysis, the term is used very sparingly and is normally restrited to the [[Oedipus complex]] and the related [[castration complex]].
 
  
 
==Complex and Imago==
 
==Complex and Imago==
 +
The term "[[complex]]" occupies an important [[place]] in [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]] before 1950, where it is closely related to the [[imago]].
  
 
+
Whereas the [[imago]] designates an [[imaginary]] stereotype relating to one person, the [[complex]] is a [[whole]] constellation of interacting [[imago]]s; it is the [[internalization]] of the [[subject]]'s earliest [[structure|social structure]]s (i.e. the relationships between the various actors in his [[family]] [[environment]]).
before 1950, where it is closely related to the [[image]].
 
 
 
The ''[[imago]]'' designates an [[imaginary]] stereotype relating to one person.
 
 
 
 
 
the [[complex]] is a whole constellation of interacting ''[[imago]]s''; it is the [[internalisation]] of the [[subject]]'s earliest social [[structure]]s (i.e. the relationships between the various actors in his family environment).  
 
  
 
A [[complex]] involves multiple [[identification]]s with all the interacting ''[[imago]]s'', and thus provides a script according to which the [[subject]] is led "to play out, as the sole actor, the drama of conflicts' between the members of his family."<ref>{{Ec}} p.90</ref>
 
A [[complex]] involves multiple [[identification]]s with all the interacting ''[[imago]]s'', and thus provides a script according to which the [[subject]] is led "to play out, as the sole actor, the drama of conflicts' between the members of his family."<ref>{{Ec}} p.90</ref>
  
--
+
==Complex and Instinct==
 
+
In his pre-war [[work]], [[Lacan]] argues that it is because [[human]] [[psychology]] is based on the [[complex]]es, which are entirely [[cultural]] products, rather than on [[natural]] [[instinct]]s, that [[human]] [[behaviour]] cannot be explained by reference to [[biological]] givens.  
In his pre-war work, [[Lacan]] argues that it is because [[human]] [[psychology]] is based on the [[complex]]es, which are entirely [[cultural]] products, rather than on [[natural]] [[instinct]]s, that human [[behaviour]] cannot be explained by reference to [[biological]] givens.  
 
  
Nevertheless, while drawing this explicit contrast between [[complex]]es and [[instinct]]s, [[Lacan]] also recognises that [[complex]]es may be compared to [[instinct]]s in that they make up for the [[instinct]]ual inadequacy (insuffisance vitale) of the [[human]] [[infant]], and argues that the [[complex]]es are propped on [[biological]] functions such as [[weaning]].<ref>Lacan, 1938: 32-3</ref>
+
Nevertheless, while drawing this [[explicit]] contrast between [[complex]]es and [[instinct]]s, [[Lacan]] also recognizes that [[complex]]es may be compared to [[instinct]]s in that they make up for the [[instinct]]ual inadequacy (''insuffisance vitale'') of the [[human]] [[infant]], and argues that the [[complex]]es are propped on [[biological]] functions such as [[weaning]].<ref>{{1938}} p.32-3</ref>
  
--
+
==Family Complexes==
 +
In 1938 [[Lacan]] [[identifies]] [[three]] "[[family complexes]]," each of which is the trace of a "[[psychical]] crisis" which accompanies a "[[life]] crisis."
  
In 1938 [[Lacan]] identifies three "[[family complexes]]," each of which is the trace of a "psychical crisis" which accompanies a "life crisis."
+
===Weaning Complex===
 +
The first of these [[complex]]es is the [[weaning|weaning complex]] (''[[complexe du sevrage]]''). Taking up the [[idea]] of a "trauma of weaning," first developed by René Laforgue in the 1920s, [[Lacan]] argues that no matter how late [[weaning]] occurs, it is always perceived by the [[infant]] as coming too early.
  
The first of these [[complex]]es is the [[weaning]] [[complex]] (''[[complexe du sevrage]]'').  
+
<blockquote>"Whether [[trauma]]tic or not, [[weaning]] leaves in the [[human]] [[psyche]] a permanent trace of the [[biological]] relation which it interrupts. This life crisis is in effect accompanied by a psychical crisis, without [[doubt]] the first whose solution has a [[dialectic]]al [[structure]]."<ref>{{1938}} p.27</ref></blockquote>
  
Taking up the idea of a "trauma of weaning," first developed by René Laforgue in the 1920s, [[Lacan]] argues that no matter how late [[weaning]] occurs, it is always perceived by the [[infant]] as coming too early.
+
===Intrusion Complex===
 
+
After the [[weaning]] [[complex]] comes the [[intrusion complex]] (''[[complexe de l'intrusion]]''), which represents the [[experience]] that the [[child]] has when he realizes that he has siblings. The [[child]] must then cope with the fact that he is no longer the exclusive [[object]] of his [[parents]]' attention.  
<blockquote>Whether [[trauma]]tic or not, [[weaning]] leaves in the [[human]] [[psyche]] a permanent trace of the [[biological]] relation which it interrupts. This life crisis is in effect accompanied by a psychical crisis, without doubt the first whose solution has a [[dialectic]]al [[structure]].<ref>Lacan, 1938: 27</ref></blockquote>
 
 
 
--
 
 
 
After the [[weaning]] [[complex]] comes the [[intrusion complex]] (''[[complexe de l'intrusion]]''), which represents the experience that the [[child]] has when he realises that he has siblings.  
 
 
 
The [[child]] must then cope with the fact that he is no longer the exclusive [[object]] of his parents' attention.
 
 
 
The third and final [[family complex]] is the [[Oedipus Complex]].
 
 
 
--
 
 
 
After their appearance in the 1938 paper, the terms "[[weaning complex]]" and "[[intrusion complex]]" disappear almost completely from [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]].
 
 
 
However, the [[Oedipus complex]] remains a fundamental reference point throughout, and this is complemented by a growing interest, from 1956 on, in the [[castration complex]].
 
  
 +
===Oedipus Complex===
 +
The [[third]] and final [[family complex]] is the [[Oedipus Complex]].  After their [[appearance]] in the 1938 paper, the [[terms]] "[[weaning complex]]" and "[[intrusion complex]]" [[disappear]] almost completely from [[Lacan]]'s [[Works of Jacques Lacan|work]].  However, the [[Oedipus complex]] remains a fundamental reference point throughout, and this is complemented by a growing interest, from 1956 on, in the [[castration complex]].
  
 
==See Also==
 
==See Also==
 +
{{See}}
 +
* [[Biology]]
 
* [[Castration complex]]
 
* [[Castration complex]]
 +
* [[Culture]]
 +
||
 +
* [[Development]]
 +
* [[Imago]]
 +
* [[Intrusion complex]]
 +
||
 +
* [[Instinct]]
 +
* [[Nature]]
 
* [[Oedipus complex]]
 
* [[Oedipus complex]]
 +
||
 +
* [[Structure]]
 +
* [[Subject]]
 +
* [[Weaning|Weaning complex]]
 +
{{Also}}
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 +
<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small">
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 +
</div>
  
[[Category:Terms]]
 
[[Category:Concepts]]
 
 
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
 
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
 
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
 
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
 
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
 
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
 +
[[Category:Development]]
 +
[[Category:Practice]]
 +
[[Category:Treatment]]
 
[[Category:Dictionary]]
 
[[Category:Dictionary]]
 +
[[Category:Concepts]]
 +
[[Category:Terms]]
 +
{{OK}}
 +
 +
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 04:26, 24 May 2019

French: complexe

Complex and Imago

The term "complex" occupies an important place in Lacan's work before 1950, where it is closely related to the imago.

Whereas the imago designates an imaginary stereotype relating to one person, the complex is a whole constellation of interacting imagos; it is the internalization of the subject's earliest social structures (i.e. the relationships between the various actors in his family environment).

A complex involves multiple identifications with all the interacting imagos, and thus provides a script according to which the subject is led "to play out, as the sole actor, the drama of conflicts' between the members of his family."[1]

Complex and Instinct

In his pre-war work, Lacan argues that it is because human psychology is based on the complexes, which are entirely cultural products, rather than on natural instincts, that human behaviour cannot be explained by reference to biological givens.

Nevertheless, while drawing this explicit contrast between complexes and instincts, Lacan also recognizes that complexes may be compared to instincts in that they make up for the instinctual inadequacy (insuffisance vitale) of the human infant, and argues that the complexes are propped on biological functions such as weaning.[2]

Family Complexes

In 1938 Lacan identifies three "family complexes," each of which is the trace of a "psychical crisis" which accompanies a "life crisis."

Weaning Complex

The first of these complexes is the weaning complex (complexe du sevrage). Taking up the idea of a "trauma of weaning," first developed by René Laforgue in the 1920s, Lacan argues that no matter how late weaning occurs, it is always perceived by the infant as coming too early.

"Whether traumatic or not, weaning leaves in the human psyche a permanent trace of the biological relation which it interrupts. This life crisis is in effect accompanied by a psychical crisis, without doubt the first whose solution has a dialectical structure."[3]

Intrusion Complex

After the weaning complex comes the intrusion complex (complexe de l'intrusion), which represents the experience that the child has when he realizes that he has siblings. The child must then cope with the fact that he is no longer the exclusive object of his parents' attention.

Oedipus Complex

The third and final family complex is the Oedipus Complex. After their appearance in the 1938 paper, the terms "weaning complex" and "intrusion complex" disappear almost completely from Lacan's work. However, the Oedipus complex remains a fundamental reference point throughout, and this is complemented by a growing interest, from 1956 on, in the castration complex.

See Also

References