defence (dÈfense) From his earliest works, Freud situated the concept of{{Topp}}défense{{Bottom}}
==Sigmund Freud==From his earliest works, [[Freud]] situated the [[concept]] of [[defence ]] at the heart of his [[theory ]] of [[neurosis]]. Defence refers to the reaction of
[[Defence]] refers to the reaction of the [[ego ]] to certain interior stimuli which the [[ego ]] perceives as dangerous.
==Defense Mechanisms==Although [[Freud ]] later came to argue that there were different "mechanisms of defence" in addition to [[repression]],<ref>{{F}} 'mechanisms'[[Works of Sigmund Freud|The Question of Lay-Analysis]]'', 1926d. [[SE]] XX, 179</ref> he makes it clear that [[repression]] is unique in the [[sense]] that it is constitutive of the [[unconscious]].
[[Anna Freud]] attempted to classify some of defencethese mechanisms in her book ''[[Anna Freud|The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence]]'' in addition tO REPRESSION (see Freud, 1926d1936), he makes it clear that.
repression ==Jacques Lacan==[[Lacan]] is unique very critical of the way in which [[Anna Freud]] and [[ego-psychology]] [[interpret]] the sense that it is constitutive concept of the unconscious[[defence]]. Anna
Freud attempted to classify some He argues that they confuse the concept of these mechanisms in her book The Ego[[defence]] with the concept of [[resistance]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 335</ref>
For this [[reason]], [[Lacan]] urges caution when discussing the concept of [[defence]], and the Mechanisms prefers not to center his concept of Defence (1936)[[psychoanalytic treatment]] around it.
Lacan is very critical ==Resistance==When he does discuss [[defence]], he opposes it to [[resistance]]; whereas [[resistances]] are transitory [[imaginary]] responses to intrusions of the [[symbolic]] and are on the side of the way in [[object]], defences are more permanent [[symbolic]] [[structure]]s of [[subjectivity]] (which Anna Freud and ego-psychology[[Lacan]] usually calls [[fantasy]] rather than [[defence]]).
interpret the concept This way of distinguishing between [[resistance]] and [[defence. He argues ]] is quite different from that of [[other]] [[school]]s of [[psychoanalysis]], which, if they confuse the concept ofhave distinguished between [[defence]] and [[resistance]] at all, have generally tended to [[regard]] [[defence]]s as transitory phenomena and [[resistance]]s as more [[stable]].
==Desire and Defence==The opposition between [[desire]] and [[defence with the concept of RESISTANCE (Ec]] is, 335)for [[Lacan]], a [[dialectic]]al one. For this reason, Lacan urges
caution when discussing Thus he argues in 1960 that, like the [[neurotic]], the concept of [[pervert]] "[[defends]] himself in his [[desire,]]" since "desire is a defence(''défense''), and prefers not to centre hisa [[prohibition]] (''défense'') against going beyond a certain [[limit]] in ''[[jouissance]]''.<ref>{{E}} p. 322</ref>
concept of psychoanalytic treatment around In 1964 he goes on to argue:<blockquote>"To desire involves a defensive [[phase]] that makes itidentical with not wanting to desire. When he does discuss defence,"<ref>{{S11}} p.235</ref></blockquote>
he opposes it to resistance; whereas resistances are transitory imaginary==See Also=={{See}}* [[Ego-psychology]]* [[Fantasy]]||* [[Neurosis]]* [[Perversion]]||* [[Repression]]* [[Resistance]]||* [[Structure]]* [[Subject]]||* [[Treatment]]* [[Unconscious]]{{Also}}
responses to intrusions of the symbolic and are on the side of the object,
defences are more permanent symbolic structures of subjectivity (which==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>
Lacan usually callS FANTASY rather than defence). This way of distinguishing[[Category:Freudian psychology]][[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Practice]]{{OK}}
between resistance and defence is quite different from that of other schools of psychoanalysis, which, if they have distinguished between defence and resis- tance at all, have generally tended to regard defences as transitory phenomena and resistances as more stable. The opposition between desire and defence is, for Lacan, a dialectical one. Thus he argues in 1960 that, like the neurotic, the pervert 'defends himself in his desire', since 'desire is a defence (dÈfense), a prohibition (dÈfense) against going beyond a certain limit in jouissance' (E, 322). In 1964 he goes on to argue: 'To desire involves a defensive phase that makes it identical with not wanting to desire' (Sll, 235).__NOTOC__
