demand ({{Top}}demande) The French terms demander and demande lack the{{Bottom}}
connotations of imperativeness and urgency conveyed by the English word==Jacques Lacan====Early Work==
'demand', and are perhaps closer [[Lacan]] begins to use the English words 'ask for' and 'request'term "[[demand]]" in 1958.
However, all English translations of Lacan use the term 'demand' in order to
maintain consistencyIn the [[seminar]] of 1956-7, [[Lacan]] argues that the '''cry''' of the '''[[helplessness|human infant]]''' -- its '''call''' (''l'appel'') to the '''[[mother]]''' -- is not merely an [[instinct|instinctual signal]] but is "inserted in a [[synchronic]] [[world]] of cries organized in a symbolic [[system]]."<ref>{{S4}} p. 182, 188</ref>
Although In other [[words]], the term [[infant]]'demand' only begins to figure prominently s screams become organized in Lacan'sa [[linguistic]] [[structure]] long before the [[child]] is capable of articulating recognizable words.
work from ==Need, Demand and Desire==It is the [[symbolic|symbolic nature]] of the infant's screams which forms the kernel of [[Lacan]]'s [[concept]] of [[demand]], which Lacan introduces in 1958 on, related themes are already present in the 1956-7 seminarcontext of his [[distinction]] between [[need]], [[demand]] and [[desire]].
It ==Articulation of Need==Lacan argues that since the [[infant]] is incapable of performing the specific actions that would [[satisfy]] its [[biological]] [[need]]s, it must articulate those [[need]]s in this seminar vocal [[form]] ([[demand]]s) so that Lacan discusses [[another]] (the call (l'appel[[mother]]), the baby's cry to will perform thespecific [[action]] instead.
mother The primary example of such a [[biological]] [[need]] is hunger, which the [[child]] articulates in a scream (S4, 182[[demand]])so that the [[mother]] will feed it. Lacan argues that this cry (cri) is not merely an instinctual
signal but ==Demand for the Other's Love==However, because the object]] which [[satisfies]] the [[child]]'s [[need]] is inserted in provided by another, it takes on the added [[significance]] of [[being]] a synchronic world proof of cries organised in a symbolicthe [[Other]]'s [[love]].
system' (S4Accordingly [[demand]] too acquires a [[double]] function: in addition to articualting a [[need]], 188)it also becomes a [[demand]] for [[love]]. In other words, the infant's screams become organised in a
linguistic structure long before And just as the child is capable [[symbolic]] function of articulating recognisablethe [[object]] as a proof of [[love]] overshadows its [[real]] function as that which [[satisfies]] a [[need]], so too the [[symbolic]] [[dimension]] of [[demand]] (as a [[demand]] for [[love]]) eclipses its real function (as an articulation of [[need]]).
words=Desire=It is this double function which gives [[birth]] to [[desire]], since while the [[need]]s which [[demand]] articulates may be [[satisfied]], the craving for [[love]] is unconditional and [[insatiable]], and hence persists as a leftover even after the [[need]]s have been satisfied; this leftover constitutes [[desire]].
It ==Helplessness==[[Demand]] is thus intimately linked to the symbolic nature of the infant[[human]] [[subject]]'s screams which forms the kernel ofinitial [[helplessness]].
Lacan's concept of demandBy forcing the [[analysand]] to express himself entirely in [[speech]], which Lacan introduces in 1958 the [[treatment|psychoanalytic situation]] puts him back in the context [[position]] ofthe [[helpless]] [[infant]], thus encouraging [[regression]].
his distinction between NEED<blockquote>"Through the mediation of the demand, the [[whole]] [[past]] opens up [[right]] to early infancy. [[The Subject|The subject]] has never done anything other than demand and DESIRE, he could not have survived otherwise, an we just follow on from there."<ref>{{E}} p. Lacan argues that since the254</ref></blockquote>
infant is incapable ==Analysand==However, while the [[speech]] of performing the specific actions that would satisfy its[[analysand]] is itself already a [[demand]] (for a reply), this [[demand]] is underpinned by deeper [[demand]]s (to be [[cure]]d, to be revealed to himself, to become an [[analyst]]).<ref>{{E}} p. 254</ref>
biological needs, it must articulate those needs in vocal form (==Analyst==The question of how the [[analyst]] engages with these [[demands) so that]] is crucial.
another (Certainly the mother) will perform [[analyst]] does not attempt to gratify the specific action instead[[analysand]]'s [[demand]]s, but nor is it simply a question of [[frustration|frustrating]] [[them]]. The primary
example of such a biological need is hunger==Development==In 1961, which [[Lacan]] rethinks the child articulates in avarious [[stages]] of [[libidinal]] organisation as forms of [[demand]].
scream The [[development|oral phase]] of [[development]] is constituted by a [[demand]] (made by the [[subject]]) to be fed (which is a [[demand]] made by the [[subject]]) so that the mother will feed it.
HoweverIn the [[development|anal stage]], because on the object which satisfies other hand, it is not a question of the child[[subject]]'s need is provided by[[demand]], but the [[demand]] of the [[Other]] (the parent who disciplines the child in potty-[[training]]).<ref>{{S8}} p. 238-46, 269</ref>
In both of these [[development|pregenital stage]]s the [[satisfaction]] of [[demand]] eclipses [[desire]]; only in the [[genital stage]] does [[desire]] comes to be fully constituted.<ref>{{S8}} p. 270</ref>
another, it takes on the added significance of being a proof of the ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Analysand]]* [[Analyst]]||* [[Biology]]* [[Development]]||* [[Desire]]* [[Love]]||* [[Mother]]* [[Need]]||* [[Other's love.]]* [[Speech]]||* [[Structure]]* [[Treatment]]{{Also}}
Accordingly demand too acquires a double function==References==<div style="font-size: in addition to articulating11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>
a need, it also becomes a demand for love. And just as the symbolic function of[[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]]the object as a proof of love overshadows its real function as that which[[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Treatment]]satisfies a need, so too the symbolic dimension of demand (as a demand for[[Category:Practice]][[Category:Concepts]]love) eclipses its real function (as an articulation of need). It is this double[[Category:Terms]] function which gives birth to desire, since while the needs which demand articulates may be satisfied, the craving for love is unconditional and insati- able, and hence persists as a leftover even after the needs have been satisfied; this leftover constitutes desire. Demand is thus intimately linked to the human subject's initial HELPLESSNESS. By forcing the analysand to express himself entirely in speech, the psycho- analytic situation puts him back in the position of the helpless infant, thus encouraging REGRESSION. Through the mediation of the demand, the whole past opens up right down to early infancy. The subject has never done anything other than demand, he could not have survived otherwise, and we just follow on from there. (E, 254) However, while the speech of the analysand is itself already a demand (for a reply), this demand is underpinned by deeper demands (to be cured, to be{{OK}}
revealed to himself, to become an analyst) (E, 254). The question of how the analyst engages with these demands is crucial. Certainly the analyst does not attempt to gratify the analysand's demands, but nor is it simply a question of frustrating them (see FRUSTRATION). In 1961, Lacan rethinks the various stages of libidinal organisation as forms of demand. The oral stage is constituted by a demand to be fed, which is a demand made by the subject. In the anal stage, on the other hand, it is not a question of the subject's demand, but the demand of the Other (the parent who disciplines the child in potty-training) (S8, 238-46, 269). In both of these pregenital stages the satisfaction of demand eclipses desire; only in the genital stage does desire come to be fully constituted (S8, 270). == deff == In [[Lacan]]ian [[psychoanalysis]], a '''demand''' results when a [[lack (psychoanalysis)|lack]] in [[the Real]] is phrased into [[the Symbolic]] medium of [[language]]. Whether or not demands achieve their apparent aims, they are always successful in the sense that all parapraxes or slips of the tongue are successful - they faithfully express [[unconscious]] signifying formations. But because the Real is never totally symbolizable, a residue or kernel of [[desire (psychoanalysis)|desire]] is left behind by every demand, representing a lost surplus of [[jouissance]] for the [[subject (philosophy)|subject]]. "Don't give me what I ask for, that's not it." [[Category:Lacan]][[Category:Psychoanalysis]]__NOTOC__
