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=====Four Algorithms=====
[[Image:Lacan-fourdiscourselettersLetdis.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Algebra]]ic [[symbol]]s from the [[Four Discourses]]]]
Each of the [[discourse|four discourses]] is represented by an [[matheme|algorithm]] which contains ''four'' [[algebraic]] [[symbol]]s.
Each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the [[discourse|four discourses]] has ''four'' different [[discourse|positions]] with which the ''four'' [[symbol]]s correspond.
[[Image:LacanDiscourse-structurefourdiscoursesStructure.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The structure of the four discourses]]
The [[discourse|position]] of the ''four'' [[symbol]]s in each [[matheme|algorithm]] is what distinguishes the [[discourse|four discourses]] from one another.
=====Discourse of the Master=====
[[Image:MASTERDISCOURSEMadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Master]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[master]] is the basic [[discourse]] from which the other three [[discourse]]s are derived.
The '''dominant position ''' is occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), which represents the [[subject]] ('''S''') for another [[signifier]] or, more precisely, for all other [[signifiers]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]); however, in this [[signification|signifying operation ]] there is always a [[surplus]], namely, ''[[objet petit a]]''.
The point is that all attempts at totalisation totalization are doomed to failure.
The [[discourse]] of the [[master]] "masks the [[division ]] of the [[subject]]."<ref>{{S17}} p. 118</ref>
The [[discourse]] also illustrates clearly the [[structure]] of the [[dialectic]] of the [[master]] and the [[master|slave]].
The [[master]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]) is the [[discourse|agent]] who puts the [[slave]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]) to work; the result of this work is a [[surplus]] (''[[objet (petit) a|a]]'') that the [[master]] attempts to appropriate.
=====Discourse of the University=====
[[Image:UNIVERSITYDISCOURSEUnidis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[University]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] (anticlockwise).
=====Discourse of the Hysteric=====
[[Image:HYSTERICDISCOURSEHysdis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Hysteria|Hysteric]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]], but in a clockwise direction.
The dominant position is occupied by the [[split|divided]] [[subject]], the [[symptom]].
This [[discourse]] is that which points the way towards [[knowledge]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 23</ref>.
[[Psychoanalytic treatment]] involves "the structural intro- duction introduction of the [[discourse ]] of the '''[[hysteric ]]''' by means of artificial conditions"; in other words, the [[analyst]] "[[hysteria|hystericises]]" the [[patient]]'s [[discourse]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 35</ref>
=====Discourse of the Analyst=====
[[Image:ANALYSTDISCOURSEAnadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Analyst]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[analyst]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] (in the same way as [[Freud]] developed [[psychoanalysis]] by giving an [[interpretation|interpretative]] turn to the [[discourse]] of his [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s).
The fact that this [[discourse]] is the inverse of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] emphasises that, for [[Lacan]], [[psychoanalysis]] is an essentially subversive practice which undermines all attempts at domination and [[master]]y.
=====Discourse of the Capitalist=====
In a few parts of his teaching (notably in his discourse in Milano), Lacan talked about a new kind of discourse which caracterizes our post-modern society: the discourse of the capitalist. The position of the agent, is occupied by the [[subject]] ('''S'''), who does not address the other, but the truth (this position is now occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), the Market). Through the Market, the [[subject]] ('''S''') can ask the [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]''), ([[Image:SS2.gif]]), Science and Technology to produce objects to be consumed (''[[objet petit a]]''). This objects are made to never feed completely the subject's desire.
This discourse is not part of the social bond theory. We notice that, in this discourse (contrary to the four discourses), an arrow hits the position of the truth. With the Discourse of the Capitalist, Lacan tried to account for a new kind of social bonds in which the subject become more and more individualistic, egoistic. The Market is here the new Truth which cannot be contradicted.
==See Also==
==References==
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
