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"[[Discourse]]" ([[Fr]]. ''{{Top}}[[discours]]''){{Bottom}}

Thus =====Discourse of the famous Other=====The term "[[Lacan|Lacanian formuladiscourse]], "the unconscious is used by [[Lacan]] to emphasize the discourse of the Other" designates the ''[[unconsciousintersubjectivity|transindividual]] as the effects on the '' [[subjectnature]] of '''[[language]]''', the fact that '''[[speech]] that is addressed to him from elsewhere; by ''' always implies [[another ]] [[subject]] who has been forgotten, by another psychic locality (the other scene)an interlocutor.

=====Social Bond=====In 1969, [[Lacan]] begins to use the term "[[discourse]]" in to denote a slightly different way"[[discourse|social bond]], though one that still carries with it the stress on founded in [[intersubjectivitylanguage]]."

From this point on the term designates "a He [[identifies]] ''four'' types of [[discourse|social bondbonds]], founded in language."<ref>{{S20}} pfour articulations of the [[symbolic order|symbolic network]] which regulates [[intersubjectivity|intersubjective relations]].21</ref>

=====Four Discourses=====These "[[Lacan]] identifies four possible types of social bond, discourse|four possible articulations of the [[symbolic order|symbolic network]] which regulates [[intersubjectivity|intersubjective relationsdiscourses]]." are

These "* the [[four discoursesdiscourse]]" are of the '''[[discourse|discourse of the master]]''', * the [[discourse|discourse ]] of the '''[[university]]''', * the [[discourse|discourse ]] of the '''[[hysteric]]''', and * the [[discourse|discourse ]] of the '''[[analyst]]'''.

=====Four Algorithms=====[[LacanImage:Letdis.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Algebra]] represents each of the ic [[four discoursessymbol]] by an algorithm: each algorithm contains s from the following four [[algebraicFour Discourses]] [[symbol]]s:

Each of the [[Image:Lacan-fourdiscourseletters.jpgdiscourse|four discourses]] is represented by an [[matheme|rightalgorithm]]which contains ''four'' [[algebraic]] [[symbol]]s.

What distinguishes The names of these ''four'' [[symbol]]s are shown to the [[four discoursesright]] from one another is the positions of these four symbols.

There are The ''four '' [[symbol]]s correspond to ''four'' different [[discourse|positions ]] in the algorithms each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the [[discourse|four discourses]], each of which is designated by a different name.

The names Each [[matheme|algorithm]] of the four positions are shown below; [[Lacandiscourse|four discourses]] gives has ''four'' different names to these [[discourse|positions at different points in his work, and this figure is taken from ]] with which the 1972-3 seminar.<ref>{{S20}} p''four'' [[symbol]]s correspond.21</ref>

[[Image:LacanDiscourse-structurefourdiscoursesStructure.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The structure of the four discourses]]

Each The [[discourse|position]] is defined by writing of the ''four '' [[algebraicsymbol]] s in each [[symbolmatheme|algorithm]] is what distinguishes the [[discourse|four discourses]]s in a different positionfrom one another.

The [[symboldiscourse|four discourses]]s always remain in are distinguished from one another by the same order, so each [[discourse|positions]] is simply the result of rotating the these ''four'' [[symbol]]s a quarter turnin each [[matheme|algorithm]].

The top-left position ("Each of the agent") [[discourse|four discourses]] is defined by the dominant [[discourse|position which defines ]] of the ''four'' [[discoursesymbol]]s in its [[matheme|algorithm]].

In addition to The names of the ''four '' [[symboldiscourse|positions]]s, each algorithm also contains an arrow going from the agent are shown to the otherright.<ref>{{S20}} p.21</ref>

=====Discourse of the Master=====[[Image:Madis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Master]]]]The [[four discoursesdiscourse]] of the [[master]] is the basic [[discourse]] from which the other [[three]] [[discourse]]s are shown in the figure belowderived.

In 1971, [[Lacan]] proposes The point is that the position of the agent is also the position of the [[semblance]]all attempts at totalization are doomed to failure.

In 1972, The [[Lacandiscourse]] inscribes two arrows in of the formulas isntead of one; one arrows (which [[Lacanmaster]] labels "impossibility") goes from masks the agent to [[division]] of the other, and the other arrow (which is labelled "powerlessness[[subject]].") goes from production to truth.<ref>{{S20S17}} p.21118</ref>

On the gif the right-side S barré is a typo. It must be changed to [[objet]] [[petit a]] (as rightly described.  =====Discourse of the University=====[[Image:Unidis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[University]]]]The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] (anticlockwise).  The dominant position is occupied by [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]'').  This illustrates the fact that behind all attempts to impart an apparently "neutral" [[knowledge]] to the [[other]] can always be located an attempt at [[master]]y ([[master]]y of [[knowledge]], and domination of the [[other]] to whom this [[knowledge]] is imparted).  The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] represents the [[hegemony]] of [[knowledge]], particularly [[visible]] in [[modernity]] in the [[form]] of the hegemony of [[science]]. =====Discourse of the Hysteric=====[[Image:Hysdis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Hysteria|Hysteric]]]]The [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]], but in a clockwise direction.  It is not simply "that which is uttered by a hysteric", but a certain kind of [[discourse|social bond]] in which any [[subject]] may be inscribed.  The dominant position is occupied by the [[split|divided]] [[subject]], the [[symptom]].  This [[discourse]] is that which points the way towards [[knowledge]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 23</ref> [[Psychoanalytic treatment]] involves "the [[structural]] introduction of the [[discourse]] of the '''[[hysteric]]''' by means of artificial [[conditions]]"; in other [[words]], the [[analyst]] "[[hysteria|hystericises]]" the [[patient]]'s [[discourse]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 35</ref> =====Discourse of the Analyst=====[[Image:Lacan-fourdiscoursesAnadis.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Analyst]]]]The [[discourse]] of the [[analyst]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] (in the same way as [[Freud]] developed [[psychoanalysis]] by giving an [[interpretation|interpretative]] turn to the [[discourse]] of his [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s).  The position of the [[discourse|agent]], which is the position occupied by the [[analyst]] in the [[treatment]], is occupied by ''[[objet (petit) a|objet petit a]]''; this illustrates the fact that the [[analyst]] must, in the course of the [[treatment]], become the [[cause]] of the [[analysand]]'s [[desire]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 41</ref> The fact that this [[discourse]] is the [[inverse]] of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] emphasises that, for [[Lacan]], [[psychoanalysis]] is an essentially subversive [[practice]] which undermines all attempts at domination and [[master]]y. =====Discourse of the Capitalist=====In a few parts of his teaching (notably in his discourse in Milano), Lacan talked [[about]] a new kind of discourse which caracterizes our post-modern [[society]]: the discourse of the [[capitalist]]. The position of the [[agent]], is occupied by the [[subject]] ('''S'''), who does not address the other, but the [[truth]] (this position is now occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), the [[Market]]). Through the Market, the [[subject]] ('''S''') can ask the [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]''), ([[Image:SS2.gif]]), Science and [[Technology]] to produce [[objects]] to be consumed (''[[objet petit a]]''). This objects are made to never feed completely the [[subject's desire]].This discourse is not part of the [[social]] bond [[theory]]. We notice that, in this discourse (contrary to the [[four discourses]]), an arrow hits the position of the truth. With the Discourse of the Capitalist, Lacan tried to account for a new kind of social bonds in which [[The Subject|the subject]] become more and more individualistic, egoistic. The Market is here the new Truth which cannot be contradicted. ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Algebra]]* [[Analyst]]* [[Communication]]||* [[Hysteria]]* [[Intersubjectivity]]* [[Knowledge]]||* [[Language]]* [[Master]]* [[Matheme]]||* [[Science]]* [[Speech]]* [[Subject]]||* [[Symbol]]* [[Symptom]]* [[Unconscious]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references /></div> [[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Linguistics]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]]{{OK}}