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"[[end of analysis]]" ([[Fr]]. ''fin d'analyse'')
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In '''[[Analysis Terminable and Interminable]],''' , [[Sigmund Freud]] reflects upon whether it is ever possible to discusses the question of whether it is ever possible to conclude an [[analysis]], or whether all [[analyses]] are necessarily incomplete.<ref>{{F}} ''Analysis Terminable and Interminable''. 1937. [[SE]] XXIII p.211</ref>
Although not all [[analyses]] are carried through to their conclusion, [[analytic treatment]] is a logical process which has an end, and [[Lacan]] designates this end-point by the term "[[end of analysis]]" ([[Fr]]. ''fin d'analyse'').
==The term '[[end Aim of analysis]]' (Fr. ''fin d'analyse'')Psychoanalytic Treatment==
Given that many [[analyses]] are broken off before the [[end of analysis]] is reached, the question arises as to whether such [[analyses]] can be considered successful or not.
===Stages=== ====True Speech and Mortality====[[Lacan]] conceives of this end-point in various ways. l. In the early 1950s, the [[end of analysis]] is described as "the advent of a true speech and the realisation by the subject of his history."<ref>{{E}} p.88</ref> (see [[speech]]). <blockquote>"The [[subject]] ... begins the analysis by speaking about himself without speaking to you, or by speaking to you without speaking about himself. When he can speak to you about himself, the analysis will be over."<ref>{{Ec}} p.373, n. 1</ref></blockquote> The [[end of analysis]] is also described as coming to terms with one's own [[mortality]].<ref>{{E}} p.104-5</ref> ====Anxiety and Abandonment====2. In 1960, [[Lacan]] describes the [[end of analysis]] as a state of [[anxiety]] and abandonment, and compares it to the [[helplessness]] of the human [[infant]]. ====Traversal of the Fantasy====3. In 1964 he describes it as the point when the [[analysand]] has "[[traverse]]d the radical [[fantasy]]."<ref>{{S11}} p.273</ref> (see [[fantasy]]). ====Identification with the Sinthome====4. In the last decade of his teaching, he describes the [[end of analysis]] as "[[identification]] with the ''[[sinthome]]''", and as "knowing what to do with the sinthome." (see ''[[sinthome]]''). ----- ===Stages=== [[Lacan]] conceives of this end-point in various ways: # In the early 1950s, the [[end of analysis]] is described as "the advent of a true speech and the realisation by the subject of his history,"<ref>{{E}} p.88</ref> that is, as the subject's coming to terms with his or her own [[death|mortality]].<ref>{{E}} p.104-5</ref> # In 1960, [[Lacan]] describes the [[end of analysis]] as a state of [[anxiety]] and abandonment, and compares it to the [[helplessness]] of the human [[infant]]. # In 1964 he describes it as the point when the [[analysand]] has "[[traverse]]d the radical [[fantasy]]."<ref>{{S11}} p.273</ref> (see [[fantasy]]). # In the last decade of his teaching, he describes the end of analysis as "[[identification]] with the ''[[sinthome]]''", and as "knowing what to do with the sinthome." (see ''[[sinthome]]''). ----
Common to all these formulations is the idea that the end of analysis involves a change in the [[subjective position]] of the [[analysand]] (the analysand's '[[subjective destitution]]'), and a corresponding change in the position of the [[analyst]] (the loss of [[being]] [Fr. ''désêtre''] of the analyst, the fall of the analyst from the position of the [[subject-supposed-to-know]]).
At the end of the analysis, the analyst is reduced to a mere [[surplus]], a pure [[objet petit a]], the [[cause of desire|cause of the analysand's desire]].
Since Lacan argues that all psychoanalysts should have experienced the [[process]] of analytic [[treatment]] from beginning to end, the end of analysis is also the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]].
"The true termination of an analysis" is therefore no more and no less than that which "prepares you to become an analyst."<ref>{{S7, }} p.303</ref>
In 1967, Lacan introduced the procedure of the [[pass]] as a means of testifying to the end of one's analysis.
Lacan criticises those [[psychoanalyst]]s who have seen the end of analysis in terms of [[identification]] with the analyst.
In opposition to this view of psychoanalysis, Lacan states that the "crossing of the plane of identification is possible."<ref>{{S11}} p.273</ref> Not only is it possible to go beyond identification, but it is necessary, for otherwise it is not psychoanalysis but suggestion, which is the antithesis of psychoanalysis; "the fundamental mainspring of the analytic operation is the maintenance of the distance between the I - identification - and the a."<ref>{{S11}} p.273</ref> Lacan also rejects the idea that the end of analysis involves the 'liquidation' of the [[transference]].<ref>see {{S11, }} 267</ref>
The idea that the transference can be 'liquidated' is based on a misunderstanding of the nature of the transference, according to which the transference is viewed as a kind of [[illusion]] which can be transcended.
Such a view is erroneous because it entirely overlooks the [[symbolic]] nature of the transference; transference is part of the essential [[structure]] of [[speech]].
Although analytic treatment involves the resolution of the particular transference relationship established with the analyst, transference itself still subsists after the end of analysis.
Other misconceptions of the end of analysis which Lacan rejects are: "strengthening the ego", "adaptation to reality" and "happiness".
The end of analysis is not the disappearance of the [[symptom]], nor the [[cure]] of an underlying disease (e.g. [[neurosis]]), since analysis is not essentially a therapeutic process but a search for [[truth]], and the truth is not always beneficial.<ref>Sl7, {{S17}} p.122</ref>
<ref>54</ref>
==See Also==
* [[Treatment]]
* [[Truth]]
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Treatment]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
