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{{Top}}fin d'[[analyse]]{{Bottom}} ==Psychoanalytic TreatmentSigmund Freud==

<blockquote>"Is there such a [[thing ]] as a [[natural ]] end to an analysis?"<ref>{{F}} ''[[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|Analysis Terminable and Interminable]]''. , 1937. [[SE]] XXIII p.219</ref></blockquote>

For ==Jacques Lacan==[[Lacan]], 's answer is that [[psychoanalytic treatment]] is a [[progress|logical process ]] with a beginning and an end-point, designated as the "[[end of analysis]]" ([[Fr]]. ''[[fin d'analyse]]'').

==The =Aim of Psychoanalytic Treatment===The [[end of analysis|''end'' of analysis]] must be distinguished from the ''[[end End of analysis|''aim]]'' of [[psychoanalytic treatment]].

The [[end of analysis|aim ]] of psychoanalytic [[treatment]] is to lead the [[analysand]] to articulate the '''[[truth]] ''' [[about ]] his or her [[desire]].

Although While not all [[treatment|analyses]] are carried through to their [[progress|conclusion]], any [[treatment|analysis]] -- however incomplete -- may be regarded as successful when it achieves this [[end of analysis|aim]].

The question of the [[end of analysis]] is therefore something more than whether a [[treatment|course ]] of [[treatment|analytic treatment]] has or has not achieved its aim; it is a question of whether or not the [[treatment]] has reached its [[logical ]] [[End of analysis|end-point]].

==The End of Analysis=Definition===[[Lacan]] conceives of this [[End of analysis|end-point ]] in various ways.

:1. In the early 1950s, [[Lacan]] describes the [[end of analysis]] as "the advent of a [[true ]] [[speech]] and the realization by the [[subject]] of his [[history]]" -- that is, as coming to [[terms ]] with one's own [[death|mortality]].<ref>{{E}} p.88</ref>

:<blockquote>"The [[subject]] ... begins the analysis by [[speaking ]] about himself without speaking to you, or by speaking to you without speaking about himself. When he can [[speak ]] to you about himself, the analysis will be over."<ref>{{Ec}} p.373, n. 1</ref></blockquote>

:2. In 1960, [[Lacan]] describes the [[end of analysis]] as a [[state ]] of [[anxiety]] and [[anxiety|abandonment]] -- that is, as a state of [[helplessness]].

:3. In 1964, [[Lacan]] describes the [[end of analysis]] as the point when the [[analysand]] "traverses the radical [[fantasy]]."<ref>{{S11}} p.273</ref>

===Subjective Destitution=Position of Analysand and Analyst==== The In general, the [[end of analysis]] involves two fundamental changes in the respective [[discourse|subjective positions ]] of

* the [[analysand]] -- the "[[subjective destitution]]" of the [[analysand]], and

* the [[analyst]] -- the "[[loss of being]]" ([[FrFrench]]. : ''[[désêtre]]'') of the [[analyst]].

The [[analyst]] is reduced -- from the [[discourse|position ]] of the [[subject-supposed-to-know]] -- to a mere [[surplus]], a [[objet petit a]], the [[cause]] of the [[analysand]]'s [[desire]].

====Passage from Analysand to Analyst====For [[Lacan]], the [[end of analysis]] is also the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]] -- for all [[psychoanalysts]] must undergo [[analytic treatment]] from beginning to end before [[being ]] allowed to [[practice ]] as [[analysts]].

Since [[Lacan]] argues that all [[psychoanalysts]] should have experienced the [[process ]] of [[analytic treatment]] from beginning to end, the [[end of analysis]] is also the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]].

<blockquote>"The true termination of an analysis" is therefore no more and no less than that which "prepares you to become an analyst."<ref>{{S7}} p.303</ref></blockquote>

For [[Lacan]], this erroneous view is based on a misunderstanding of [[transference]] -- as a kind of [[illusion ]] which can be transcended -- which overlooks the [[symbolic]] [[nature ]] of [[transference]] -- as an essential [[structure]] of [[speech]].

Although [[analytic treatment]] does involve the [[resolution ]] of the [[particular ]] ''[[transference|transference relationship]]'' established with the [[analyst]], [[transference]] itself still subsists after the [[end of analysis]].

* the strengthening the [[ego]]* the [[adaptation ]] to [[reality]]* the [[disappearance ]] of the [[symptom]]* the [[cure ]] of an underlying disease (e.g.''[[neurosis]]'')

For [[Lacan]], [[analysis]] is not essentially a [[treatment|therapeutic process ]] but rather a [[search ]] for [[truth]] -- and the [[truth]] is not always beneficial.<ref>{{S17}} p.122</ref>

{{See}}* [[Analysand]]* [[Analyst]]||* [[Fantasy]]* [[Sinthome]]||* [[Desire of the analystSpeech]]* [[End of analysisSubject]]||* [[ResistanceSymptom]]