Difference between revisions of "Enunciation"
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=====Translator's Note===== | =====Translator's Note===== | ||
| − | The distinction between "''énoncé''" and "''énonciation''" is a common one in contemporary French thinking. | + | The [[distinction]] between "''énoncé''" and "''énonciation''" is a common one in contemporary [[French]] [[thinking]]. |
| − | "''Énoncé''", which is translated as "[[statement]]", refers to the actual words uttered, "''énonciation''" to the act of uttering them. | + | "''Énoncé''", which is translated as "[[statement]]", refers to the actual [[words]] uttered, "''énonciation''" to the act of uttering [[them]]. |
=====Enunciation and Statement===== | =====Enunciation and Statement===== | ||
| − | In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in Europe, one important distinction is that between the [[enunciation]] and the [[statement]]. | + | In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in [[Europe]], one important distinction is that between the [[enunciation]] and the [[statement]]. |
The [[statement]] refers to the actual words uttered; the [[enunciation]] refers to the act of uttering them. | The [[statement]] refers to the actual words uttered; the [[enunciation]] refers to the act of uttering them. | ||
=====Statement===== | =====Statement===== | ||
| − | A [[statement]] is [[speech]] analysed in terms of its abstract grammatical units, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence. | + | A [[statement]] is [[speech]] analysed in [[terms]] of its abstract [[grammatical]] units, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence. |
=====Enunciation===== | =====Enunciation===== | ||
| − | An [[enunciation]] is [[speech]] analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time / place, and in a specific situation. | + | An [[enunciation]] is [[speech]] [[analyzed]] as an [[individual]] act performed by a [[particular]] [[speaker]] at a specific [[time]] / [[place]], and in a specific [[situation]]. |
=====Jacques Lacan===== | =====Jacques Lacan===== | ||
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In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of [[speech|speaking]] contains a [[meaning]] in itself, even if the words spoken are "[[signification|meaningless]]."<ref>{{Ec}} p.83</ref> | In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of [[speech|speaking]] contains a [[meaning]] in itself, even if the words spoken are "[[signification|meaningless]]."<ref>{{Ec}} p.83</ref> | ||
| − | Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," [[speech]] is an appeal to the [[other]]. | + | Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a [[message]]," [[speech]] is an appeal to the [[other]]. |
| − | This attention to the act of [[speech|speaking]] in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, anticipates [[Lacan]]'s attention to the dimension of the [[enunciation]]. | + | This attention to the act of [[speech|speaking]] in itself, irrespective of the [[content]] of the utterance, anticipates [[Lacan]]'s attention to the [[dimension]] of the [[enunciation]]. |
=====Psychotic Language===== | =====Psychotic Language===== | ||
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=====Unconscious Enunciation===== | =====Unconscious Enunciation===== | ||
| − | In designating the [[enunciation]] as [[unconscious]], [[Lacan]] affirms that the source of [[speech]] is not the [[ego]], nor [[consciousness]], but the [[unconscious]]; [[language]] comes from the [[Other]], and the idea that "I" am [[master]] of my [[discourse]] is only an [[delusion|illusion]]. | + | In designating the [[enunciation]] as [[unconscious]], [[Lacan]] affirms that the source of [[speech]] is not the [[ego]], nor [[consciousness]], but the [[unconscious]]; [[language]] comes from the [[Other]], and the [[idea]] that "I" am [[master]] of my [[discourse]] is only an [[delusion|illusion]]. |
=====Subject of the Statement or Enunciation===== | =====Subject of the Statement or Enunciation===== | ||
| − | The very word "I" (''Je'') is ambiguous; as [[shifter]], it is both a [[signifier]] acting as [[subject]] of the [[statement]], and an [[index]] which designate, but does not [[signification|signify]], the [[subject]] of the [[enunciation]].<ref>{{E}} p.298</ref> | + | The very [[word]] "I" (''Je'') is ambiguous; as [[shifter]], it is both a [[signifier]] acting as [[subject]] of the [[statement]], and an [[index]] which designate, but does not [[signification|signify]], the [[subject]] of the [[enunciation]].<ref>{{E}} p.298</ref> |
=====Split Subject===== | =====Split Subject===== | ||
| − | The [[subject]] is thus [[split]] between these two levels, [[division|divided]] in the very act of articulating the ''I'' that presents the [[delusion|illusion]] of unity.<ref>{{S11}} p.139</ref> | + | The [[subject]] is thus [[split]] between these two levels, [[division|divided]] in the very act of articulating the ''I'' that presents the [[delusion|illusion]] of [[unity]].<ref>{{S11}} p.139</ref> |
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
| + | <div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"> | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]] | [[Category:Psychoanalysis]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:39, 24 May 2019
| French: énonciation |
Translator's Note
The distinction between "énoncé" and "énonciation" is a common one in contemporary French thinking.
"Énoncé", which is translated as "statement", refers to the actual words uttered, "énonciation" to the act of uttering them.
Enunciation and Statement
In linguistic theory in Europe, one important distinction is that between the enunciation and the statement.
The statement refers to the actual words uttered; the enunciation refers to the act of uttering them.
Statement
A statement is speech analysed in terms of its abstract grammatical units, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence.
Enunciation
An enunciation is speech analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time / place, and in a specific situation.
Jacques Lacan
Early Work
Long before Lacan uses these terms, he is aleady making a similar distinction.
In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of speaking contains a meaning in itself, even if the words spoken are "meaningless."[1]
Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," speech is an appeal to the other.
This attention to the act of speaking in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, anticipates Lacan's attention to the dimension of the enunciation.
Psychotic Language
When Lacan does come to use the term "enunciation" in 1946, it is first of all to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."[2]
Subject of the Unconscious
Later, in the 1950s, the term is used to locate the subject of the unconscious.
Graph of Desire
In the graph of desire, the lower chain is the statement, which is speech in its conscious dimension, while the upper chain is "the unconscious enunciation."[3]
Unconscious Enunciation
In designating the enunciation as unconscious, Lacan affirms that the source of speech is not the ego, nor consciousness, but the unconscious; language comes from the Other, and the idea that "I" am master of my discourse is only an illusion.
Subject of the Statement or Enunciation
The very word "I" (Je) is ambiguous; as shifter, it is both a signifier acting as subject of the statement, and an index which designate, but does not signify, the subject of the enunciation.[4]
Split Subject
The subject is thus split between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the I that presents the illusion of unity.[5]
See Also
References
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.83
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.167
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.316
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.298
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar. Book XI. The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis, 1964. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1977. p.139
