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Existence

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{{Top}}exist|existence (existence) The term 'existence' is employed by Lacan in{{Bottom}}
==Jacques Lacan==The term "[[existence]]" is employed by [[Lacan]] in various ways (see éiûek, 1991: 136-7):
==Symbolic==
This [[sense]] of [[existence]] is to be [[understood]] in the context of [[Freud]]'s [[discussion]] of the "judgement of existence," by which the [[existence]] of an entity is affirmed prior to attributing any quality to it.
Only what is integrated in the [[symbolic]] [[order]] fully "[[exist]]s", since "there is no such thing as a prediscursive [[reality]]."<ref>{{S20}} p. 33</ref>
e Existence ==="Woman Does Not Exist"===It is in this sense that [[Lacan]] argues that "[[woman|woman does not exist]];"<ref>{{TV}} p. 60</ref> the [[symbolic This sense of existence is to order]] contains no [[signifier]] for [[femininity]], and hence the [[feminine position]] cannot be understood infully [[symbolize]]d.
===Non-Existence===It is important to note that, in the context of Freud's discussion [[symbolic order]], "[[nothing]] exists except on an assumed foundation of the 'judgement of existence', by which the[[absence]]. Nothing exists except insofar as it does not exist."<ref>{{Ec}} p.392</ref>
existence In other [[words]], everything that exists in the [[symbolic order]] only exists by virtue of an entity is affirmed prior its [[difference]] to attributing any quality to it (seeeverything else.
FreudIt was [[Saussure]] who first pointed this out when he argued that in [[language]] there are no positive [[terms]], only differences.<ref>[[Saussure|Saussure, 1925h; see BEJAHUNGFerdinand de]]. (1916)''[[Saussure|Course in General Linguistics]]'', ed. Only what is integrated in the symbolic orderCharles Bally and Albert Sechehaye, trans. Wade Baskin, Glasgow: Collins Fontana.</ref>
fully 'exists' in ==Real==In this sense, since 'there it is no such thing as a prediscursiveonly that which is [[impossible]] to [[symbolize]] that [[exists]]: the [[impossible]] [[Thing]] at the heart of the [[subject]].
reality' (S20, 33)<blockquote>"There is in effect something radically unassimilable to the signifier. It is in this sense that Lacan argues that 'woman does nots quite simply the subject's [[singular]] existence."<ref>{{S3}} p.179</ref></blockquote>
exist===Subject of the Unconscious===This is the [[existence]] of the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]], '''S''' (, which [[Lacan]] describes as an "ineffable, 1973a: 60); the symbolic order contains no signifier for femi-stupid [[existence]]."<ref>{{E}} p.194</ref>
ninity, and hence ===Being===This second sense of the feminine position cannot be fully symbolisedterm [[existence]] is exactly the opposite of [[existence]] in the first sense.
It Whereas [[existence]] in the first sense is important to note thatsynonymous with [[Lacan]]'s use of the term [[being]], [[existence]] in the symbolic order, 'nothing exists except onsecond sense is opposed to [[being]].
an assumed foundation ===''Ex-sistence''===[[Lacan]] coins the neologism ''[[existence|ex-sistence]]'' to express the [[idea]] that the heart of absenceour [[being]] (''Kern unseres Wesen'') is also radically [[Other]], strange, [[outside]];<ref>{{Ec}} p.11</ref> the [[subject]] is decentered, his center is [[outside]] of himself, he is [[extimacy|ex-centric]]. Nothing exists except insofar as it does not
exist[[Lacan]] also speaks of the "[[existence|ex-sistence]] ('' (Ec[[existence|Entstellung]]'') of desire in the dream, 392)"<ref>{{E}} p. In other words, everything that exists in 264</ref> since the symbolic order[[dream]] cannot [[represent]] [[desire]] except by distorting it.
only exists by virtue of its difference to everything else. It was Saussure who==See Also=={{See}}* [[Absence]]* [[Being]]||* ''[[Extimacy]]''* [[Language]]||* [[Real]]* [[Signifier]]||* [[Subject]]* [[Symbolic]]||* [[Unconscious]]* [[Woman]]{{Also}}
first pointed this out when he argued that in language there are no positive==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>
terms, only differences (Saussure, 1916).[[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Linguistics]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]][[Category:OK]]
   e Existence in the real In this sense, it is only that which is impossible to  symbolise that exists: the impossible Thing at the heart of the subject. 'There is  in effect something radically unassimilable to the signifier. It's quite simply  the subject's singular existence' (S3, 179). This is the existence of the subject  of the unconscious, S, which Lacan describes as an 'ineffable, stupid exis-  tence' (E, 194).  This second sense of the term existence is exactly the opposite of existence  in the first sense. Whereas existence in the first sense is synonymous with  Lacan's use of the term BEING, existence in the second sense is opposed to  being.  Lacan coins the neologism ex-sistence to express the idea that the heart of  our being (Kern unseres Wesen) is also radically Other, strange, outside (Ec,  l1); the subject is decentred, his centre is outside of himself, he is ex-centric.  Lacan also speaks of the 'ex-sistence (Entstellung) of desire in the dream' (E,  264), since the dream cannot represent desire except by distorting it.__NOTOC__
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