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Existence

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==Jacques Lacan==
The term "[[existence]]" is employed by [[Lacan]] in various ways:
==Symbolic==
This [[sense]] of [[existence]] is to be [[understood]] in the context of [[Freud]]'s [[discussion]] of the "judgement of existence," by which the [[existence]] of an entity is affirmed prior to attributing any quality to it.
The term 'Only what is integrated in the [[symbolic]] [existence[order]]' fully "[[exist]]s", since "there is employed by no such thing as a prediscursive [[Lacanreality]] in various ways:."<ref>{{S20}} p. 33</ref>
==Existence ="Woman Does Not Exist"===It is in this sense that [[Lacan]] argues that "[[woman|woman does not exist]];"<ref>{{TV}} p. 60</ref> the [[symbolic==order]] contains no [[signifier]] for [[femininity]], and hence the [[feminine position]] cannot be fully [[symbolize]]d.
This sense of [[existence]] ===Non-Existence===It is important to be understood note that, in the context of [[Freudsymbolic order]]'s discussion of the 'judgement of existence', by which the "[[existencenothing]] exists except on an assumed foundation of an entity is affirmed prior to attributing any quality to [[absence]]. Nothing exists except insofar as itdoes not exist."<ref>{{Ec}} p. 392</ref>
In other [[Lacanwords]] argues , everything that "there is no such thing as a prediscursive reality."<ref>{{S20}} pexists in the [[symbolic order]] only exists by virtue of its [[difference]] to everything else.33</ref>
Only what is integrated It was [[Saussure]] who first pointed this out when he argued that in the [[symboliclanguage]] there are no positive [[orderterms]], only differences.<ref>[[Saussure|Saussure, Ferdinand de] fully ]. (1916) ''[[existSaussure|Course in General Linguistics]]s'', ed. Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye, trans. Wade Baskin, Glasgow: Collins Fontana.</ref>
It is in ==Real==In this sense , it is only that which is [[impossible]] to [[Lacansymbolize]] argues that 'woman does not exist' (Lacan, 1973a[[exists]]: 60); the symbolic order contains no signifier for femininity, and hence [[impossible]] [[Thing]] at the heart of the feminine position cannot be fully symbolised[[subject]].
<blockquote>"There is in effect something radically unassimilable to the [[symbolic]] [[order]], signifier. It's quite simply the subject'nothing exists except on an assumed foundation of s [[absencesingular]]existence."<ref>{{S3}} p. 179</ref></blockquote>
Nothing exists except insofar ===Subject of the Unconscious===This is the [[existence]] of the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]], '''S''', which [[Lacan]] describes as it does not existan "ineffable, stupid [[existence]].'"<ref>{{EcE}} p.392194</ref>
In other words, everything that exists in ===Being===This second sense of the term [[symbolicexistence]] is exactly the opposite of [[orderexistence]] only exists by virtue of its difference to everything elsein the first sense.
It was Whereas [[Saussureexistence]] who in the first pointed this out when he argued that sense is synonymous with [[Lacan]]'s use of the term [[being]], [[existence]] in the second sense is opposed to [[languagebeing]] there are no positive terms, only differences.<ref>Saussure, 1916</ref>
== Existence in the real =''Ex-sistence''===In this sense, it is only that which is [[impossibleLacan]] coins the neologism ''[[existence|ex-sistence]] '' to express the [[symboliseidea]] that exists: the heart of our [[impossiblebeing]] (''Kern unseres Wesen'') is also radically [[ThingOther]] at , strange, [[outside]];<ref>{{Ec}} p.11</ref> the heart [[subject]] is decentered, his center is [[outside]] of the himself, he is [[subjectextimacy|ex-centric]].
'There is in effect something radically unassimilable to the signifier.  It's quite simply the subject's singular existence.'<ref>{{S3}} p.179</ref>  This is the [[existence]] of the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]], S, which [[Lacan]] describes as an 'ineffable, stupid [[existence]].'<ref>{{E}} p.194</ref> This second sense also speaks of the term "[[existence]] is exactly the opposite of existence in the first sense.  Whereas [[existence]] in the first sense is synonymous with [[Lacan]]'s use of the term [[being]], [[existence]] in the second sense is opposed to being. [[Lacan]] coins the neologism [[|ex-sistence]] to express the idea that the heart of our [[being]] (Kern unseres Wesen) is also radically Other, strange, [[outside]] (Ec, l1); the [[subject]] is decentred, his centre is [[outside]] of himself, he is ex-centric. [[Lacan]] also speaks of the ''[[ex-sistenceexistence|Entstellung]] (''Entstellung'') of desire in the dream,'"<ref>{{E}} p.264</ref> since the [[dream]] cannot [[represent ]] [[desire]] except by distorting it.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Absence]]
* [[Being]]
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* ''[[Extimacy]]''
* [[Language]]
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* [[Real]]
* [[Signifier]]
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* [[Subject]]
* [[Symbolic]]
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* [[Unconscious]]
* [[Woman]]
{{Also}}
==References==
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
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[[Category:Symbolic]]
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