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Gestalt

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The experimental study of [[gestalt]]s began in 1910 with the study of certain phenomena of perception, and led to a [[school]] of thought known as "[[gestalt]] [[psychology]]" which was based on a holistic concept of [[mind]] and [[body]] and which stressed the [[psychological]] importance of [[body]] presentation.
These ideas formed the basis of [[Gestalt]] [[therapy]] as developed by [[Paul Goodman]], [[Fritz Perls]] and [[Ralph Hefferline]].
When [[Lacan]] refers to the [[gestalt]], he refers specifically to one kind of oganized pattern, namely the [[visual]] [[image]] of another member of the same species, which is perceived as a [[unified]] [[whole]].
It is by [[identifying]] with the [[unified]] [[gestalt]] of the [[body]] [[image]] that the [[ego]] is constantly threatened by [[fear]]s of disintegration, which manifest themselves in [[image]]s of the [[fragmented body]]; these [[image]]s represent the opposite of the [[unified]] [[gestalt]] of the [[body]] [[image]].
 
The [[German]] [[word]] [[Gestalt]] means "pattern" or "figure."
 
As a [[psychological]] concept, [[Gestalt]] refers to our perception of a form whose [[meaning]] exceeds the [[totality]] of its components--a [[Gestalt]] is always greater than the sum of its parts.
 
[[Gestalt]] [[psychology]] is founded on the observation that we do not comprehend our world as an assemblage of disparate elements, but as a pattern of meaningful forms.
 
Our understanding of a "home", for example, is derived from more than merely the materials and architectural plans that produce the physical "house."
 
A "face" is likewise more than a collection of identifiable parts.
 
For [[Lacan]], the [[imago]] with which the [[infant]] [[identifies]] in the [[mirror stage]] is a kind of [[Gestalt]].
 
The [[infant]] recognizes not only that it is a particular shape, but also grasps that this shape has a special--in fact transformative--[[significance]].
==See also==
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