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==Definition==
The nosographical category of [[hysteria]] dates back to ancient Greek medicine, which conceived of it as a female disease caused by the womb wandering throughout the body (in Greek ''hysteron'' means womb).
The term acquired an important place in [[psychiatry]] in the nineteenth century, especially in the work of Jean-Martin Charcot, under whom [[Freud]] studied in 1885-6.
==Sigmund Freud==
It was in the course of treating [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s in the 1890s that [[Freud]] developed the psychoanalytical method of [[treatment]] ([[free association]], etc.) and began to form the major concepts of [[psychoanalytic theory]].
[[Freud]]'s first properly psychoanalytic case history concerns the treatment of a hysterical woman known as "[[Dora]]."<ref>[[Freud|Freud, Sigmund]]. "[[Works of Sigmund Freud|Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria]]", 1905e.</ref> -- The classic symptomatology of [[hysteria1901]] involves physical . [[symptomsSE]] such as local paralyses, pains and anaesthesiasVII, for which no organic cause can be found, and which are articulated around an "imaginary autonomy" which bears no relation to the real structure of the nervous system.<ref>Lacan. 1951b. p3.13</ref>
==Neurosis==
Like [[Freud]], [[Lacan]] regards [[hysteria]] as one of the two main forms of [[neurosis]], the other being [[obsessional neurosis]].
This is true for both [[male]] and [[female]] [[hysterics]].<ref>{{S3}} p.178</ref>
==Femininity==
[[Lacan]] thus reaffirms the ancient view that there is an intimate connection between [[hysteria]] and [[femininity]].
Indeed, most [[hysterics]] are [[women]], just as most [[obsessional neurotics]] are [[men]].
The [[structure]] of [[desire]], as [[desire]] of the [[Other]], is shown more clearly in [[hysteria]] than in any other [[clinical structure]]; the [[hysteric]] is precisely someone who appropriates another's [[desire]] by [[identifying]] with them.
==Dora Case==For example, [[Dora]] identifies with Herr K, taking as her own the [[desire]] which she perceives him to have for Frau K.<ref>{{S4}} p.138</ref>
However, as the case of [[Dora]] also shows, the [[hysteric]] only sustains the [[desire]] of the [[Other]] on condition that she is not the [[object]] of that [[desire]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.222</ref>>
She cannot bear to be taken as the [[object ]] of [[desire ]] because that would revive the wound of [[privation]].<ref>{{S17}} p.84</ref>
==Treatment==It is this privileged relation between the [[structure ]] of [[desire ]] and the [[structure ]] of [[hysteria ]] which explains why [[Lacan ]] devotes so much attention to this clinical [[clinic]]al [[structure]], and why he develops the idea in the 1970s that it is necssaynecessary, in [[psychoanalytic treatment]], to "[[hysteria|hystericize]]" the [[analysand]].
==Discourse of the Hysteric==[[Hysteria]], as a clinical [[clinic]]al [[structure]], must be distinguished from [[Lacan]]s concept of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]], which designates a particular form of [[discourse|social bond]].
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Analyst]]
* [[Desire]]
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* [[Discourse]]
* [[Neurosis]]
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* [[Obsessional neurosis]]
* [[Other]]
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* [[Structure]]
* [[Symptom]]
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* [[Treatment]]
* [[Woman]]
{{Also}}
== References ==
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[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Practice]]
[[Category:Treatment]]
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