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{{JL}}[[Image:LacanJacques-lacan-TV4.gifjpg|thumb|300px250px|right]]<!-- {{Infobox_Scientist| name = Jacques Lacan| image = Lacan3.jpg| image_width = 200px| caption = | birth_date = [[13 April]] [[1901]]| birth_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]| death_date = [[9 September]] [[1981]]| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]| residence = | citizenship = France| nationality = | ethnicity = | field = [[Psychology]]| work_institution = | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = | author_abbreviation_bot = | author_abbreviation_zoo = | prizes = | religion = | footnotes = }}-->[[Jacques Lacan|Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan]] ([[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1901|13 April 1901]] – [[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1981|9 September 1981]]) was a [[French]] [[psychoanalyst]] and [[psychiatrist]] who made prominent contributions to psychoanalysis, [[philosophy]], and [[literary]] [[theory]]. Giving yearly [[seminars]] in Paris from 1953 to 1981, Lacan influenced France's intellectuals in the 1960s and the 1970s, especially the post-[[structuralist]] [[philosophers]]. His interdisciplinary [[work]] is [[Freudian]], featuring the [[unconscious]], the [[castration]] [[complex]], the ego, [[identification]], and [[language]] as [[subjective]] [[perception]]. His [[ideas]] have had a significant impact on [[critical theory]], [[literary theory]], twentieth-century French philosophy, [[sociology]], [[feminist]] theory and [[clinical]] psychoanalysis.

<!--{| style="line-height:1.5em;valign:top;width:50%;text-align:left;"|class="MainPageBG" style="width:50%;border:0px solid #cccccc;background-color:#ffffff;vertical-align:top"|{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:left;line-height:2em;vertical-align:top;background-color:#ffffff"|-|style="text-align:left;color:#000;line-height:2.5em;align:justify;"||{| width="100%" style="text-align:left;font-size:.95em;line-height:2em;background-color:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:3px;" |{{See}}:1. [[Jacques Lacan#Biography|Jacques-Marie Émile LacanBiography]] (April 13, 1901 – September 9, 1981) was a :2. [[FrenchJacques Lacan#Theory|Theory]] ||:3. [[psychiatristJacques Lacan#Practice|Practice]] and :4. [[psychoanalystJacques Lacan#Bibliography|Bibliography]].||A controversial figure in the history of :5. [[psychoanalysisJacques Lacan#See Also|See Also]], :6. [[Jacques Lacan#References|References]] is mostly acknowledged for his impact on a broad range of fields within the [[human]] [[sciences]].{{Also}}|}|}|}-->

<blockquote>''[[Chronology|Click here]] for a more complete chronology of [['''Jacques Lacan]]''''s life]].''</blockquote>;1901Originally :13 April, Jacques-Marie-Émile Lacan is [[Lacanborn]] in Paris, to a [[family]] of solid [[Catholic]] [[tradition]] . He is educated at the collège Stanislas, a Jesuit school. After his ''baccalauréat'' he studies [[medicine ]] and later [[psychiatry]].;1927: Starts clinical [[training]], works at [[Sainte-Anne's hospital]]. A year later he works in the Special Infirmary Service where [[Clérambault]] had a [[practice]].;1932In 1927:Awarded doctorate for his [[thesis]], ''[[LacanDe la psychose paranoïaque dans ses rapports avec la personnalité]] begins ''.;1933:The richness of his clincial training thesis, especially the [[analysis]] of the [[case]] of [[Aimée]], makes him famous with the [[Surrealist]]s. BEtween this year and 1939 he takes [[Kojève]]'s course at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes [[Etudes]], an "Introduction to the [[reading]] of [[Hegel]].";1934:He [[marries]] [[Marie-Louise]] Blondon, [[mother]] of [[Caroline]], [[Thibaut]] and [[Sibylle]]. While in analysis with Rudolph [[psychiatryLoewenstein]] at , Lacan becomes a member of the ''[[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris|Société psychanalytique de Paris]]]]'' ([[SainteSociété psychanalytique de Paris|SPP]]).;1940:Works at Val-de-Anne Grâce, the military hospitalin Paris. During the [[German]]Occupation, where he would later teachdoes not take part in any [[official]] [[activity]].;1946:In 19311946, the [[SPP]] resumes its activities and Lacan, with Nacht and Lagache, takes charge of training [[analyses]] becomes increasingly interest in and supervisory [[control]] and plays an important [[surrealismtheoretical]] and meets Salvador Dalíinstitutional [[role]].;1951:The [[SPP]] begins to raise the issue of Lacan's [[short sessions]], as opposed to the standard analytical hour.;1953:In 1932January Lacan is elected President of the [[SPP]]. Six months later he resigns to join the ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]'' ([[SFP]]) with D. Lagache, F. Dolto, J. Favez-Boutonier among [[Lacanothers]] publishes . In Rome, Lacan delivers his doctoral disseration (report, "''[[Fonction et champ de la parole et du langage]]''". On paranoiac psychosis in its relations to 17 July he marries [[Sylvia]] Maklès, mother of [[Judith]]. That autumn Lacan starts his [[seminar]]s at the personality[[Hôspital Sainte-Anne]]'').;1954In 1933:The first ten [[seminar]]s elaborate fundamental notions [[about]] [[psychoanalytic]] [[technique]], the essential [[concepts]] of [[psychoanalysis]], and its [[ethics]]. During this period Lacanwrites, on the basis of his seminars, conferences and addresses in colloquia, the major [[texts]] that are found in ''[[Ecrits]] begins '' in 1966.;1956:Celebrities are attracted to attend his seminars ([[Alexandre KojèveJean Hyppolite]]'s lectures on analysis of [[HegelFreud]]'s article on ''Dé[[Hegel|Phenomenology of Mindnégation]]'', given during the first seminar, is a well-known example). [[Alexandre Koyré]], Claude Lévi-[[Strauss]], Maurice [[Merleau-Ponty]], and ethnologist Marcel Griaule, Emile Benveniste among others attend his courses.;1962===:[[SFP]] members [[want]] to be recognized by the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]] ([[IPA]]). The Mirror Stage===[[IPA]] issues an ultimatum: Lacan's [[name]] must be crossed off the [[list]] of didacticians.;1963In 1936:Two weeks before the expiry of the deadline set by the IPA (31 October), the committee of didacticians of the [[SFP]] gives up its courageous stand of 1962 and pronounces in favour of the ban: Lacanis no longer one of the didacticians.;1964:Lacanians [[form]] presents his paper a Study Group on Psychoanalysis organized by Jean Clavreul, until Lacan official founds the ''[[mirror stageEcole Française de Psychanalyse]]'', which soon becomes the ''[[Ecole Freudienne de Paris]]'' ([[EFP]]). With [[Lévi-Strauss]] and [[Althusser]] to 's support, he is appointed lecturer at the fourteenth congress Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes.;1965:In January Lacan begins his new seminar on "[[The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis]]" at the Ecole Normale Supérieure. His audience is made up of [[IPAanalysts]] and young students in philosophy at Marienbad on 3 Augustthe ENS, notably [[Jacques-Alain Miller]].;1966===:[[Ecrits]], Paris: Seuil 1966. The Seminar===book draws considerable attention to the [[EFP]], extending far beyond the intelligentsia.;1967In 1953, :Lacan presents the ''[[LacanActe]] begins his first public de Fondation'' of the [[seminarEFP]] ; its novelty lies in the procedure of ''[[Hôpital Sainte-Annepasse]]''.  These The ''[[seminarpasse]]s'' consists of testifying, which will continue for twenty-seven yearsin front of two ''passeurs'', soon become to one's [[experience]] as an analysand and especially to the crucial [[moment]] of passage from the principal platform for [[Lacanposition]] of [[analysand]] to that of [[analyst]]. The ''passeurs'' are chosen by their [[analyst]]s teaching(generally analysts of the EFP) and should be at the same [[stage]] in their [[analytic]] experience as the ''passant''. ==Works== In 1966 They listen to him and then, in turn, they testify to what they have heard in front of a selection committee for approval composed of the director, Lacan, and of some AE, ''[[Lacananalyste]]de l'école'' (analyst of the school). This committee's collected papers are published under function is to select the analysts of the School and to elaborate, after the title 'selecting [[process]], a 'work of [[Écritsdoctrine]]''.;1969:The issue of the ''passe'' keeps invading the EFP's [[Lacanlife]]. "''Le quatrième groupe''" is formed around those who resign from the EFP disputing over Lacan's most important papers are collected methods for the analysts' training and accreditation. Lacan takes a stand in the crisis of the [[university]] that follows May [[1968]]: "If psychoanalysis cannot be articulated as a [[knowledge]] and taught as such, it has no [[place]] in his the university, which deals only with knowledge." The ENS director finds a pretext for telling Lacan that he is no longer welcome at the ENS at the beginning of the academic year. Moreover, the journal ''Cahiers pour l'[[ÉcritsAnalyse]]'' (1966)has to cease publication, but [[Vincennes]] appears as an alternative. Michel [[Foucault]] asks Lacan to create and direct the Department of Psychoanlaysis at Vincennes. Thanks to Lévi-Strauss, Lacan moves his seminars to the law school of the Panthéon. ; fewer than one1974:The Vincennes Department of Psychoanalysis is renamed "[[Le Champ freudien]]" with Lacan its director and [[Jacques-third Alain Miller]] its president.;1980:On 9 January, Lacan announces the [[dissolution]] of them are included the EFP and asks those who [[wish]] to continue [[working]] with him to [[state]] their intentions in [[writing]]. He receives over one thousand letters within a week. On 21 February, Lacan announces the founding of the English school ''[[Écrits: A SelectionLa Cause freudienne]]'', later renamed the ''[[Ecole de la Cause freudienne]]'' (1977).;1981:9 September, Lacan dies in Paris.<!--;1901 - 1938:[[Lacan]] presented studies medicine and [[psychiatry]] and completes his most important [[De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité|doctoral thesis]] on [[paranoia|paranoid]] [[psychosis]]. He presents a paper on the [[mirror stage]] - his first theoretical contributions contribution to [[psychoanalysis]] through his - at a conference of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]] in [[seminarMarienbad]].;1938 - 1953 :[[Lacan]] is a member of the ''[[Société psychanalytique de Paris]]'' until he resigns to join the ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]''.==Institutions==;1953 - 1963 In 1934, :[[Lacan]] begins his first [[public]] [[analysisseminar]] with (which he will continue to give annually until his [[Rudolph Loewensteindeath]]). Thereafter, he rises to become a renowned and joins the controversial [[Société Psychoanalytique de Parisfigure]] (in the international psychoanalytic [[SPPcommunity]]) as a candidate member.;1963 - 1980In 1938:[[Lacan]] leaves the [[SFP]] and founds his own [[school]], the ''[[LacanÉcole Freudienne de Paris]] becomes a full member '' . Following the publication of the [[SPPÉcrits]], there is an explosion of interest in his work in France and abroad.--><!--{| class="wikitable" width="100%" cellpadding="2" align="center" bgcolor="ffffff" style="background:#ffffff;width:100%; height:200px; text-align:center; line-height:2.0em;"Since | width="50px" style="valign:top;" | [[{{Y}}|1901]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1938, ]]<BR>| align="[[left]]" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] was studies medicine and [[psychiatry]] and completes his [[De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité|doctoral thesis]] on [[paranoia|paranoid]] [[psychosis]].He presents a member of paper on the [[SPPmirror stage]] -- his first theoretical contribution to [[psychoanalysis]], which was -- at a member body conference of the [[International Psychoanalytical Psycho-Analytical Association]] ([[IPA]])in Marienbad. |-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1938]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1953]]<BR>In 1951, | align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] is a member of the ([[IPA]] affiliated) ''[[Société psychanalytique de Paris]]'' ([[SPP]] begins ) until he resigns to raise join the issue of ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]'' ([[SFP]]).|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1953]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1963]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]]'s practice of using sessions of variable durationbegins his first public [[seminar]] (which he will continue to give annually until his death). Thereafter, as opposed he rises to become a renowned and controversial figure in the standard analytical hourinternational psychoanalytic community.|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1963]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1980]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] defends leaves the [[SFP]] (after his use "[[expulsion]]" from the [[IPA]]) and founds his own [[school]], the ''[[École Freudienne de Paris]]'' ([[EFP]]). Following the publication of short sessionsthe [[Écrits]] (1966), there is an explosion of interest in his work in France and abroad.|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1980]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1981]]<BR>In 1953, | align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] is elected president of single-handedly dissolves the [[EFP]] and creates in its stead the ''[[SPPÉcole de la Cause freudienne|Cause freudienne]]''. However, six months later he resigns from the [[SPPLacan]] to join soon dissolves the ''[[Société Française École de Psychanalysela Cause freudienne|Cause freudienne]] ('' and replaces it with the ''[[SFPÉcole de la Cause freudienne]]) with D''. Lagache, F. Dolto, J. Favez|}--Boutonier among others.>

The ==Bibliography==<blockquote>''[[SFPJacques Lacan:Bibliography|Click here]] sought to become recognized by the for a more [[complete]] [[bibliography]] of [[IPAJacques Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]] as a member society.''</blockquote>

In 1963, the [[SFPLacan]] is granted affiliation 's most important theoretical contributions to the [[IPApsychoanalysis]] were presented in his [[seminar]] as s. In 1966, a member society on condition that selection of [[Lacan]] be removed from 's most important papers are published under the list title ''[[Écrits]]''; in 2006 a complete edition of training analyststhese works was published in [[English]].

In 1980, <!--==See Also=={{See}}* [[LacanPsychoanalysis]] dissolves the * [[EFPPsychology]] and creates in its stead the Cause freudienne.||* [[Return to Freud]]* [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]||* [[Ego-psychology]]* [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]||* [[Object-relations theory]]{{Also}}-->

In 1981, the ==External Links==[[school|Cause freudiennehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Lacan Wikipedia Entry]] is dissolved and the [[school|École de la Cause freudienne]] is created to replace it.

__NOTOC__{{Jacques Lacan}}[[Category:Psychoanalysis|Lacan, Jacques]][[Category:People|Lacan, Jacques]][[Category:Jacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]] dies in Paris on 9 September<!-- [[Category:Index|Lacan, 1981 at the age of eighty.Jacques]] --><!-- [[Category:Looking Awry|Lacan, Jacques]] -->