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{{JL}}[[Image:JOYCEJacques-lacan-4.jpg|thumb|300px250px|right]]<!-- {{Infobox_Scientist| name = Jacques Lacan| image = Lacan3.jpg| image_width = 200px| caption = | birth_date = [[13 April]] [[1901]]| birth_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]| death_date = [[9 September]] [[1981]]| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]| residence = | citizenship = France| nationality = | ethnicity = | field = [[Psychology]]| work_institution = | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = | known_for = | author_abbreviation_bot = | author_abbreviation_zoo = | prizes = | religion = | footnotes = }}-->[[Jacques Lacan gives |Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan]] ([[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1901|13 April 1901]] – [[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1981|9 September 1981]]) was a [[French]] [[psychoanalyst]] and [[psychiatrist]] who made prominent contributions to psychoanalysis, [[philosophy]], and [[literary]] [[theory]]. Giving yearly [[seminars]] in Paris from 1953 to 1981, Lacan influenced France's intellectuals in the opening lecture at 1960s and the 1970s, especially the International James Joyce Symposiumin in Parispost-[[structuralist]] [[philosophers]]. His interdisciplinary [[work]] is [[Freudian]], featuring the [[unconscious]], the [[castration]] [[complex]], the ego, [[identification]], 1975and [[language]] as [[subjective]] [[perception]].His [[ideas]] have had a significant impact on [[critical theory]], [[literary theory]], twentieth-century French philosophy, [[sociology]], [[feminist]] theory and [[clinical]] psychoanalysis.

[[Jacques Lacan|Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan]] ([[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1901|April 13, 1901]] – [[Jacques Lacan:Chronology#1981|September 9, 1981]]) was a [[French]] [[psychiatrist]] and [[psychoanalyst]]. He is one of the most important -- and most controversial -<!- figures in the history of [[psychoanalysis]], but is also acknowledged for his far-reaching influence across a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and the social sciences. {| style="line-height:1.5em;valign:top;width:10050%;text-align:left;"

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<blockquote>''[[Chronology|Click here for a more complete chronology of '''Jacques Lacan''''s life]].''</blockquote>* Born in Paris, ;1901* Medical training :13 April, Jacques-Marie-Émile Lacan is [[born]] in the Paris Medical Faculty. Became Chef de Clinique in 1932, to a [[family]] of solid [[Catholic]] [[tradition]].* Doctoral thesis for psychiatric degree - "Paranoid psychosis and its relation to the personality" (1932). * Association with the French surrealist movement He is educated at the collège Stanislas, from early 1930sa Jesuit school. * 1934 - Joined the Societe Psychanalytique de Paris After his ''baccalauréat'' he studies [[medicine]] and later [[psychiatry]]. * 1936 ;1927: Starts clinical [[training]], works at [[Sainte- Presented paper on the Anne'mirror stage' to s hospital]]. A year later he works in the Interna­tional Psychoanalytic Congress in MarienbadSpecial Infirmary Service where [[Clérambault]] had a [[practice]]. * Until 1952 - Distinguished member of the French psychoanalytic establishment. Intellectual contacts with Merleau-Ponty and Levi-Strauss, through the College Philosophique, Paris. ;1932* 1953 - Presentation of the Rome Discourse. Controversy within the Paris psychoanalytic society. Daniel Lagache. followed by Lacan:Awarded doctorate for his [[thesis]], formed a new Societe Fran~aise de Psychanalyse. Formation of Lacan's Seminar'[[De la psychose paranoïaque dans ses rapports avec la personnalité]]''. * 1953 to early 1960s - continuous development ;1933:The richness of ideashis thesis, par­ticularly those put forward as programme in especially the Rome Dis­course, involving psychoanalysis and linguistics. * 1963 - Expelled[[analysis]] of the [[case]] of [[Aimée]], finally, from International Psychoanalytic Association, because of unorthodox practice and teaching methodsmakes him famous with the [[Surrealist]]s. * 1964 - Reformed his analytic society, calling it L BEtween this year and 1939 he takes [[Kojève]]'s course at the Ecole Freudienne de Paris. * 1966 - Publication of his EcritsPratique des Hautes [[Etudes]], following by explosion an "Introduction to the [[reading]] of his inflience in French society[[Hegel]]. ";1934:He soon became a cultural phenomenon.* 1966 to 1980 [[marries]] [[Marie- Increasing interest in his work in France Louise]] Blondon, [[mother]] of [[Caroline]], [[Thibaut]] and abroad.* 1968 - May revolution[[Sibylle]]. While in analysis with Rudolph [[Loewenstein]], Lacan supported becomes a member of the students' revolt. President of the psychoanalytic department of University of Vincennes.* 1980 - Dissolved the Ecole Freduienne, and formed La Cause Freudienne.* 1981 - Death [[Lacan'[[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris|Société psychanalytique de Paris]]]] was born in Paris to a bourgeois Catholic family, and was educated at a Jesuit school. He studied medicine and later '' ([[psychiatrySociété psychanalytique de Paris|SPP]]). In 1932;1940:Works at Val-de-Grâce, the military hospital in Paris. During the [[LacanGerman]] finishes his doctoral thesis on Occupation, he does not take part in any [[paranoia|paranoidofficial]] [[psychosisactivity]].<ref>'';1946:In 1946, the [[On paranoiac psychosis in its relations to the personality|De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalitéSPP]]'' ("resumes its activities and Lacan, with Nacht and Lagache, takes charge of training [[On paranoiac psychosis in its relations to the personality|On Paranoid Psychosis analyses]] and Its Relations to the Personalitysupervisory [[control]]").</ref> In 1936, and plays an important [[Lacantheoretical]] presents his piece on the and institutional [[mirror stagerole]] -- his first major theoretical contribution to .;1951:The [[psychoanalysisSPP]] -- at an begins to raise the issue of Lacan's [[IPAshort sessions]] conference in Marienbad. In 1938, as opposed to the standard analytical hour.;1953:In January Lacan is elected President of the [[LacanSPP]] becomes a member of . Six months later he resigns to join the '''[[Société psychanalytique Française de ParisPsychanalyse]]''' ([[SPPSFP]])with D. Lagache, F. Dolto, affiliated with the [[International PsychoJ. Favez-Analytical Association]] (Boutonier among [[IPAothers]]). In 1953Rome, Lacan delivers his report, "''[[LacanFonction et champ de la parole et du langage]] begins his first public ''". On 17 July he marries [[seminarSylvia]] (which he will continue to give annually until Maklès, mother of [[Judith]]. That autumn Lacan starts his death). Thereafter, he rises to become a renowned and controversial figure in the international psychoanalytic community[[seminar]]s at the [[Hôspital Sainte-Anne]]. In 1953, ;1954:The first ten [[Lacanseminar]] also resigned from the s elaborate fundamental notions [[SPPabout]] to join the newly established '''[[Société Française de Psychanalysepsychoanalytic]]''' ([[SFPtechnique]]). In 1963, after ten years of continued effort, the essential [[SFPconcepts]] is finally offered of [[IPApsychoanalysis]] affiliation as a member society -- on the condition that [[Lacan]] be removed from , and its list of [[training|training analystsethics]]. In 1963 During this period Lacan writes, on the basis of his seminars, conferences and addresses in colloquia, the major [[Lacantexts]] chooses to leave the that are found in ''[[SFPEcrits]] and found '' in 1966.;1956:Celebrities are attracted to his own seminars ([[schoolJean Hyppolite]], the '''s analysis of [[École Freudienne de ParisFreud]]'s article on '' (Dé[[EFPnégation]]'', given during the first seminar, is a well-known example). In 1980, [[LacanAlexandre Koyré]] single, Claude Lévi-handedly dissolves the [[EFPStrauss]] and creates in its stead the ''', Maurice [[[École de la Cause freudienne|Cause freudienneMerleau-Ponty]]''', and ethnologist Marcel Griaule, Emile Benveniste among others attend his courses.<ref>;1962:[[SFP]] members [[Lacanwant]] states: "It is up to you to be Lacanians if you wish; I am Freudian."</ref> In 1981, recognized by the '''[[École de la Cause freudienne|Cause freudienneInternational Psycho-Analytical Association]]''' is dissolved and the '''([[École de la Cause freudienneIPA]]''' is created to replace it). ==Theory== The [[LacanIPA]]issues an ultimatum: Lacan's [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]] has transformed name]] must be crossed off the [[psychoanalysislist]]of didacticians.;1963:Two weeks before the expiry of the deadline set by the IPA (31 October), both as a '''theory''' and as a '''practice'''. In the 1950s, committee of didacticians of the [[LacanSFP]] emphasized the role gives up its courageous stand of 1962 and pronounces in favour of the ban: Lacan is no longer one of the didacticians.;1964:Lacanians [[languageform]] (and a Study Group on Psychoanalysis organized by Jean Clavreul, until Lacan official founds the ''[[symbolic orderEcole Française de Psychanalyse]]) in '', which soon becomes the ''[[psychoanalysisEcole Freudienne de Paris]] and formulated his most important thesis: that ''the unconscious is structured like a language''([[EFP]]). (This was an extraordinarily innovative period for Lacan With [[Lévi-Strauss]] and he introduced many of [[Althusser]]'s support, he is appointed lecturer at the concepts that would preoccupy him for the rest of his careerEcole Pratique des Hautes Etudes.);1965:In January Lacan begins his new seminar on "[[LacanThe Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis]] drew on a field " at the Ecole Normale Supérieure. His audience is made up of study known as '''[[Structuralismanalysts]]''' and on '''young students in philosophy at the ENS, notably [[linguistics|linguistic theoryJacques-Alain Miller]]'''.;1966:[[Claude Lévi-StraussEcrits]]'s ''elementary [, Paris: Seuil 1966. The book draws considerable attention to the [[structureEFP]] of kinship, extending far beyond the intelligentsia.;1967:Lacan presents the '' provided the basis for [[LacanActe]]de Fondation''s conception of the [[symbolicEFP]] [[order]] and ; its novelty lies in the formation procedure of the ''[[unconsciouspasse]]''.   The ''[[Lévi-Strausspasse]]'s [[structuralism|structural anthropology]] was facilitated by the work ' consists of the Swiss testifying, in front of two ''passeurs'', to one's [[linguistics|linguistexperience]] as an analysand and especially to the crucial [[Ferdinand de Saussuremoment]] (1857-1913) and it was through of passage from the [[Lévi-Straussposition]]] that of [[Lacananalysand]] began to read that of [[linguisticsanalyst]]. In the process he made radical and far-reaching changes to The ''passeurs'' are chosen by their [[Saussureanalyst]]'s concept (generally analysts of the EFP) and should be at the same [[linguistics|linguisticstage]] in their [[signanalytic]]experience as the ''passant''. They listen to him and then, in turn, completely reversing any conventional understanding they testify to what they have heard in front of a committee for approval composed of the relationship between the [[speech|speaking]] [[subject]] director, Lacan, and of some AE, ''[[languageanalyste]]de l'école'' (analyst of the school).  Finally This committee's function is to select the analysts of the School and to elaborate, we will look at after the Russian selecting [[linguistics|linguistprocess]] , a 'work of [[Roman Jakobsondoctrine]]'s (1896-1982) work on .;1969:The issue of the ''passe'' keeps invading the EFP's [[metaphorlife]] and [[metonymy]], as this was crucially important for [[. "''Le quatrième groupe''" is formed around those who resign from the EFP disputing over Lacan]]'s conceptualization of [[desire]]methods for the analysts' training and accreditation.   Lacan takes a stand in the crisis of the [[Lacanuniversity]]'s conception of the that follows May [[subject1968]] : "If psychoanalysis cannot be articulated as constituted in and through a [[languageknowledge]]and taught as such, it has no [[place]] in the university, which deals only with knowledge." The ENS director finds a pretext for telling Lacan that he is no longer welcome at the ENS at the beginning of the academic year. Moreover, the journal ''Cahiers pour l'[[Analyse]]'' has to cease publication, but [[Vincennes]] appears as an alternative. Michel [[Foucault]] asks Lacan to create and direct the Department of Psychoanlaysis at Vincennes. Thanks to Lévi-Strauss, Lacan moves his seminars to the law school of the Panthéon. ;1974:The Vincennes Department of Psychoanalysis is renamed "[[Le Champ freudien]]" with Lacan its director and [[Jacques-Alain Miller]] its president.;1980:On 9 January, Lacan announces the [[dissolution]] of the EFP and asks those who [[wish]] to continue [[working]] with him to [[state]] their intentions in [[writing]]. He receives over one thousand letters within a week. On 21 February, Lacan announces the founding of the school ''[[La Cause freudienne]]'', later renamed the ''[[Ecole de la Cause freudienne]]''.;1981:9 September, Lacan dies in Paris.<!--;1901 - 1938:[[Lacan]] studies medicine and [[psychiatry]] and completes his [[De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité|doctoral thesis]] on [[paranoia|paranoid]] [[psychosis]]. He presents a paper on the [[mirror stage]] - his first theoretical contribution to [[psychoanalysis]] - at a conference of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]] in [[Marienbad]].;1938 - 1953 :[[Lacan]] is a member of the ''[[Société psychanalytique de Paris]]'' until he resigns to join the ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]''.;1953 - 1963:[[Lacan]] begins his first [[public]] [[seminar]] (which he will continue to give annually until his [[death]]). Thereafter, he rises to become a renowned and controversial [[figure]] in the international psychoanalytic [[community]].;1963 - 1980:[[Lacan]] leaves the [[SFP]] and founds his own [[school]], the ''[[École Freudienne de Paris]]'' . Following the publication of the [[Écrits]], there is an explosion of interest in his work in France and abroad.--><!--{| class="wikitable" width="100%" cellpadding="2" align="center" bgcolor="ffffff" style="background:#ffffff;width:100%; height:200px; text-align:center; line-height:2.0em;"| width="50px" style="valign:top;" | [[{{Y}}|1901]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1938]]<BR>| align="[[left]]" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] studies medicine and [[psychiatry]] and completes his [[De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité|doctoral thesis]] on [[paranoia|paranoid]] [[psychosis]].He presents a paper on the [[mirror stage]] -- his first theoretical contribution to [[psychoanalysis]] -- at a conference of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]] ([[IPA]]) in Marienbad.|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1938]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1953]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] is a member of the ([[IPA]] affiliated) ''[[Société psychanalytique de Paris]]'' ([[SPP]]) until he resigns to join the ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]'' ([[SFP]]).|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1953]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1963]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] begins his first public [[seminar]] (which he will continue to give annually until his death). Thereafter, he rises to become a renowned and controversial figure in the international psychoanalytic community.|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1963]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1980]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] leaves the [[SFP]] (after his "[[expulsion]]" from the [[IPA]]) and founds his own [[school]], the ''[[École Freudienne de Paris]]'' ([[EFP]]). Following the publication of the [[Écrits]] (1966), there is an explosion of interest in his work in France and abroad.|-| width="50px" | [[{{Y}}|1980]]<BR>-<BR>[[{{Y}}|1981]]<BR>| align="left" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 0;" | [[Lacan]] single-handedly dissolves the [[EFP]] and creates in its stead the ''[[École de la Cause freudienne|Cause freudienne]]''.However, [[Lacan]] soon dissolves the ''[[École de la Cause freudienne|Cause freudienne]]'' and replaces it with the ''[[École de la Cause freudienne]]''.|}-->

[[Image:Lacan3.jpg|frame|right]]<blockquote>''[[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|Click here]] for a more [[complete ]] [[bibliography ]] of [[Jacques Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]].''</blockquote> [[Lacan]]'s most important theoretical contributions to [[psychoanalysis]] were presented in his [[seminar]]s. In 1966, a selection of [[Lacan]]'s most important papers are published under the title ''[[Écrits]]''; fewer than one-third of them are included in the English ''[[Écrits: A Selection]]'' (1977). 

[[Category:PsychoanalysisJacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]<!-- [[Category:Index|Lacan, Jacques]]-->[[Category:Slavoj Žižek|Lacan, Jacques]]<!-- [[Category:Looking Awry|Lacan, Jacques]]-->