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THE UNCONSCIOUS AS GAP OR RUPTURE
The [[unconscious]] must "be apprehended in its [[experience ]] of rupture, between [[perception]] and [[consciousness]], in that [[time|nontemporal locus]]... [[Freud]] calls [[scene|another scene]]."<ref>{{S11}}: 56</ref>
The [[unconscious]] manifests itself at those moments in which [[processes ]] beyond [[consciousness|conscious thought]] disrupt [[speech]], points when [[language]] fails. [[Lacan]] defines the [[unconscious]] in [[terms ]] of "impediment", "failure" and "[[splitting]]". The [[unconscious]] ''is'' precisely this [[gap]] or [[gap|rupture]] in the [[symbolic]] [[signifyin chain|chain]].
That the unconscious is [[structured ]] like a language is Lacan's central [[thesis ]] and probably his most influential contribution to [[psychoanalysis ]]
The [[unconscious]] is governed by the rules of the [[signifier]] as it is [[language]]
We can only [[know ]] the unconscious through speech and language; therefore.
the unconscious is constituted through the [[subject]]'s articulation in [[the symbolic ]] [[order]]. The [[Lacanian ]] unconscious is not an [[individual ]] unconscious, in the [[sense ]] that Freud speaks of the unconscious
The Lacanian unconscious is rather the effect of a trans-individual [[symbolic order ]] upon the subject. We can draw from this [[three ]] related theses:
# The unconscious is not [[biological ]] but is something that signifies.
# The unconscious is the effect - the impact - upon the subject of the trans-individual symbolic order.
# The unconscious is structured like a language.
Fink argues that the Lacanian unconscious is not only structured like a language but is language, insofar as it is language that makes up the unconscious. This involves us in rethinking, however, what we mean by language. Language, for Lacan, designates not simply [[verbal ]] speech or written [[text ]] but any signifying [[system ]] that is based upon differential relations. The unconscious is structured like a language in the sense that it is a signifying [[process ]] that involves coding and decoding, or ciphering and deciphering. The unconscious comes into [[being ]] in the symbolic order in the gap between signifier and [[signified]], through the sliding of the signified beneath the signifier and the failure of [[meaning ]] to be fixed (see Chapter 2). In short, the unconscious is something that signifies and must be deciphered.
[[Lacan]] defines the [[unconscious]] as the "[[discourse]] of the [[Other]]."<ref>* "[[Subversion du sujet et dialectique du désir dans l'inconscient freudien]]." ''[[Écrits]]''. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1966: 793-827 ["[[The subversion of the subject and the dialectic of desire in the Freudian unconscious]]." Trans. [[Alan Sheridan]] ''[[Écrits: A Selection]]''. [[London]]: Tavistock, 1977; New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 1977: 292-325]. </ref>
