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Delay was chair of the first International Congress in Psychiatry held in Paris in 1950 and was elected member of the Académie de médicine in 1955. His neurological [[training]] is reflected in his dissertation on tactile agnosia and [[other]] work published in this area. He coined the term "neuroleptic" and introduced the use of reserpine into psychiatry. His interests extended to the use of antidepressants, and he completed his research on mescaline by studying LSD and psilocybin, which he referred to as "oneirogenics." He was also involved in the discovery of Largactil, used in psycho-pharmacology. In 1960 he chaired the first Congrès de médicine psychosomatique (Congress of [[Psychosomatic]] Medicine).
Édouard Pichon introduced him to [[psychoanalysis]] before the Second [[World]] War during a brief training [[analysis]]. Delay retained a nuanced, nondoctrinaire attitude toward Sigmund [[Freud]]'s work. During the Occupation, the [[psychoanalysts]] John Leuba, Georges Parcheminey, Jacques [[Lacan]], and Marc Schlumberger worked in his department; after the war [[Jacques Lacan]] and André Green had a [[psychoanalytic]] practice there. His department also hosted [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]'s Wednesday [[seminars]] (from November 18, 1953, to November 20, 1963) and Friday seminars, until it was decided that they were no longer appropriate. He remained suspicious of the "quacks of the [[unconscious]]" and what he considered poorly managed psychoanalysis. Delay was elected to the Académie française in 1959.
Throughout his life Delay maintained a [[literary]] career, his work initially [[being]] published under the pseudonym Jean Faurel (La cité grise [1946], Les reposantes [1947], Les Hommes sans nom [[[1948]]]). His two-volume work on André Gide, The Youth of André Gide (originally published in 1956-1957), soon became famous. Jacques Lacan, in "Jeunesse de Gide, ou la [[lettre]] et le [[désir]]" (1966), wrote, "Jean Delay extends this ambiguity by locating the effect within the soul, at the very [[place]] where the [[message]] is formed." He also worked on a historical reconstruction of his [[mother]]'s family in the four volumes of Avant-mémoire (1979-1986).
