=====Translator's NoteTranslation=====
There is no adequate translation in [[English]] of the word ''[[jouissance]]''.<ref>It is therefore left untranslated in most English editions of [[Lacan]].</ref> "[[Enjoyment]]" does convey the sense, contained in ''[[jouissance]]'', of ''enjoyment of rights'', of ''property'', etc., but it lacks the ''sexual connotations'' of the [[French]] word. (''Jouir'' is slang for "to come".)
"[[Pleasure]]", on the other hand, is pre-empted by "''[[plaisir]]''" -- and [[Lacan]] uses the two terms quite differently. "[[Pleasure]]" obeys the [[law]] of '''homeostasis'' that [[Freud]] evokes in ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]]'', whereby, through discharge, the psyche seeks the lowest possible level of tension. "''[[Jouissance]]''" transgresses this [[law]] and, in that respect, it is ''beyond'' the [[pleasure principle]]. =====Translation"Pleasure"=====The In 1960 [[FrenchLacan]] word develops an opposition between ''[[jouissance]]'' means basically "[[enjoyment]]", but it has a sexual connotation (i.e. "orgasm") lacking in the English word, and is therefore left untranslated in most English editions of [[Lacan]]. As Jane Gallop observes, whereas orgasm is a countable noun, the term ''[[jouissancepleasure]]'' is always used in the singular by [[Lacan]] and is always preceded by a definite article.<ref>Gallop, Jane. ("''Feminism and Psychoanalysis: The Daughter's Seduction'', London: Macmillan, 1982.</ref> =====Jacques Lacan=====The term does not appear in [[Lacanplaisir]]'s work until 1953, but even then it is not particularly salient.<ref>{{E}} p'"). 42, 87</ref>
=====Master and Slave=====In the "[[seminarsPleasure]] of 1953-4 and 1954-5 [[Lacan]] uses the term occasionally, usually in the context of " obeys the [[Hegel]]ian [[dialecticlaw]] of the [[master]] and the [[slave]]: the [[slave]] is forced to work to provide objects for the [[master]]'s ''homeostasis'' that [[enjoymentFreud]] (evokes in ''[[jouissanceBeyond the Pleasure Principle]]'').<ref>{{S1}} p. 223; {{S2}} p, whereby, through discharge, the psyche seeks the lowest possible level of tension. 269</ref>
=====Enjoyment=====Upt to 1957, then, the term seems to mean no more than the The [[enjoyment|enjoyable sensationpleasure principle]] that accompanies the [[satisfaction]] of thus functions as a limit imposed on [[biologicalenjoyment]] ; it commands the [[needsubject]] such to "enjoy as little as hunger.<ref>{{S4}} ppossible. 125</ref>"
=====Sexual Connotations=====Soon after, the sexual connotations become more apparent; in 1957, "''[[LacanJouissance]] uses the term to refer to the ''" transgresses this [[enjoymentlaw]] of a [[sexuality|sexual]] [[object]],<ref>{{Ec}} p.453</ref> and to the [[pleasure]]s of masturbation.<ref>{{S4}} p.241</ref>, and in 1958 he makes explicit sense of that respect, it is ''beyond'' the [[jouissancepleasure principle]]'' as orgasm.<ref>{{Ec}} p. 727</ref>
=====''Jouissance'' and Pleasure=====
It is only in 1960 that [[Lacan]] develops his classic opposition between ''[[jouissance]]'' and [[pleasure]], an opposition which alludes to the [[Hegel]]ian/[[Kojève|Kojevian]] distinction between ''Genuß'' ([[enjoyment]]) and ''List'' ([[pleasure]]).
=====Pleasure Principle=====
The [[pleasure principle]] functions as a limit to [[enjoyment]]; it is a [[law]] which commands the [[subject]] to "enjoy as little as possible."
At the same time, the [[subject]] constantly attempts to transgress the prohibitions imposed on his [[enjoyment]], to go "beyond the pleasure principle."
=====Transgression=====
In keeping with [[Freud]]'s assertion that there is only one [[libido]], which is [[masculine]], [[Lacan]] states that ''[[jouissance]]'' is essentially [[phallic]].
=====Master and Slave=====
In the [[seminars]] of 1953-4 and 1954-5 [[Lacan]] uses the term occasionally, usually in the context of the [[Hegel]]ian [[dialectic]] of the [[master]] and the [[slave]]: the [[slave]] is forced to work to provide objects for the [[master]]'s [[enjoyment]] (''[[jouissance]]'').<ref>{{S1}} p. 223; {{S2}} p. 269</ref>
==See Also==
