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The French word ''[[{{Top}}jouissance]]'' means basically "[[enjoyment]]", but it has a sexual connotation (i.e. "orgasm") lacking in the English word, and is therefore left untranslated in most English editions of [[Lacan]].{{Bottom}}

As Jane Gallop observes, whereas orgasm is a coutnable noun, the term The [[French]] word ''[[jouissance]]'' means basically "[[enjoyment]]", but it has a sexual connotation (i.e. "orgasm") lacking in the English word, and is always used therefore left untranslated in the singular by most English editions of [[Lacan]] and is always preceded by a definite article.<ref>Gallop 1982</ref>

The In the seminars of 1953-4 and 1954-5 [[Lacan]] uses the term does not appear occasionally, usually in the context of the [[Hegel]]ian [[Lacandialectic]] of the [[master]] and the [[slave]]: the [[slave]] is forced to work to provide objects for the [[master]]'s work until 1953, but even then it is not particularly salient[[enjoyment]] (''[[jouissance]]'').<ref>{{ES1}} p.42, 87223; {{S2}} p. 269</ref>

In the seminars of 1953-4 and 1954-5 [[Lacan]] uses Upt to 1957, then, the term occasionally, usually in seems to mean no more than the context of enjoyable sensation that accompanies the [[Hegelsatisfaction]]ian of a [[dialecticbiological]] of the [[masterneed]] and the slave: the slav eis forced to work to provide objects for the master's enjoyment (''jouissance'')such as hunger.<ref>{{S1}} p.223; {{S2S4}} p.269125</ref>

Upt to 1957, then, the term seems to mean no more than the enjoyable sensation that accompanies the [[satisfaction]] of a [[biological]] [[need]] such as hunger.<ref>{{S4}} p.125</ref> Soon after, the sexual connotations become more apparent;; in 1957, [[Lacan]] uses the term to refer to the enjoyment of a sexual object,<ref>{{Ec}} p.453</ref> and to the pleasures [[pleasure]]s of masturbation.<ref>{{S4}} p.241</ref>, and in 1958 he makes explicit sense of ''[[jouissance]]'' as orgasm.<ref>{{Ec}} p.727</ref>

 It is only in 1960 that [[Lacan]] develops his classic opposition between ''[[jouissance]]'' and [[pleasure]], an opposition which alludes to the [[Hegel]]ian/[[Kojève|Kojevian ]] distinciton between ''Genuß'' ([[enjoyment]]) and ''List'' ([[pleasure]]).

Beyond this limit, pleasur ebecomes pleasure becomes pain, and this "painful pleasure" is what [[Lacan]] calls ''[[jouissance]]''.

"''jouissanceJouissance'' is suffering."<ref>{{S7}} p.184</ref>

The prohibition of <blockquote>"Castration means that ''[[jouissance]]'' musst be refused so that it can be reached on the inverted ladder (the pleasure principle''l'échelle renversée'') is inherent in of the [[symbolic]] [[structure]] Law of [[languagge]], which is why "''jouissance is forbidden to him who speaks, as suchdesire."<ref>{{E}} p.319324</refblockquote>

The [[subjectsymbolic]]'s entry into the [[symbolicprohibition]] is conditional upon a certain initial renunciation of ''[[jouissanceenjoyment]]'' in the [[castration Oedipus complex]](the [[incest]] [[taboo]]) is thus, paradoxically, when the [[subjectprohibition]] gives up his attempts of something which is already impossible; its function is therefore to be sustain the [[imaginaryneurotic]] [[phallusillusion]] for the that [[motherenjoyment]]would be attainable if it were not forbidden.

<blockquote>"Castration means that The very prohibiton creates the [[desire]] to transgress it, and ''[[jouissance]]'' musst be refused so that it can be reached on the inverted ladder (''l'échelle renversée'') of the Law of desireis therefore fundamentally transgressive."<refRef>{{ES7}} p.324ch.15</blockquoteref>

The Insofar as the [[death drive]] is the name given to that constant [[desire]] in the [[subject]] s are attempts to break through the [[pleasure principle]] towards the [[Thing]] and a certain excess ''jouissance''; thus ''jouissance''is "the path towards death."<ref>{{S17}} p.17</ref> Insofar as the drives are attempts to break through the pleasure principle in search of ''[[jouissance]]'', every [[drive ]] is a [[death drive]].

There are strong affinitites between [[Lacan]]'s concept of ''[[jouissance]]'' and [[Freud]]'s concept of the [[libido]], as is clear from [[Lacan]]'s description of ''[[jouissance]]'' as a "bodily substance."<ref>{{S20}} p.26</ref> In keeping with Freud's assertion taht there is only one libido, which is masculine, Lacan states that jouissance is essentially phallic.