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{{TopTopp}}connaissance]]''/''[[savoir{{Bottom}} In [[Lacan]] ''connaissance'' (with its inevitable concomitant, "''[[méconnaissance]]''") belongs to the [[imaginary]] [[order|register]], while ''savoir'' belongs to the [[symbolic]] [[order|register]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 281</ref>

===Definition===The term "[[knowledge]]" has two [[meanings ]] in [[Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]]: . [[Lacan]] distinguishes between two types of [[knowledge]]: 

===Symbolic Knowledge=''Savoir''==[[knowledge|Symbolic knowledge]] refers to both the [[knowledge]] of the '''[[subject]]''''s ''relation'' to the '''[[symbolic]] [[order]]''', and also to that ''relation'' itself. It is the articulation of '''[[signifier]]s''' in the [[subject]]'s [[symbolic|symbolic universe]], the '''[[signifying chain]]''' ([[Image:SS2.gif]]).

The "'''[[unconscious]]'''" is simply [[another ]] [[name ]] for [[knowledge|symbolic knowledge]] insofar as it is an "[[knowledge|unknown knowledge]]," a [[knowledge]] which the [[subject]] ''does not know it knows''.

'''[[treatment|Psychoanalytic treatment]]''' involves a way to access [[knowledge|symbolic knowledge]], via a [[particular ]] [[form ]] of [[speech]] called '''[[free association]]'''. The [[end of analysis|aim]] of '''[[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]]''' is the ''[[progress|progressive reveletion]]'' of [[knowledge|symbolic knowledge]] to the [[subject]], rather than "[[knowledge|absolute knowledge]]," because the [[unconscious]] is irreducible; there is an inescapable '''[[split|division]]''' between the '''[[subject]]''' and '''[[knowledge]]'''.

[[Knowledge|Symbolic knowledge]] is [[knowledge]] of the '''[[truth]]''' about one's '''[[unconscious]] [[desireabout]]one'''. [[Knowledge|Symbolic knowledge]] is [[knowledge]] of the '''[[truth]]''' about s '''[[unconscious]] [[desire]]'''.  In this [[Knowledge|Symbolic knowledgesense]] is [[knowledge]] of the '''[[truth]]''' of '''[[unconscious]] [[desire]]'''. In this sense, [[knowledge]] is a form of '''''[[jouissance]]''''': "'''[[knowledge]] is the ''[[jouissance]]'' of the [[Other]]'''."<ref>{{S17}} p.13</ref> In this sense, [[knowledgejouissance]] is a form of '''''[[jouissance]]''of the ''':  <blockquote>"[[knowledgeOther]] is the ''[[jouissance]]'' of the [[Other]]."<ref>{{S17}} p.13</ref></blockquote>

[[knowledge|Symbolic knowledge]] does not reside in any particular [[subject]], but is '''[[intersubjective]]'''.  However, this does not prevent one supposing that somewhere there is a [[subject]] who possesses this [[knowledge|symbolic knowledge]] (the '''[[subject supposed to know]]'''). The [[knowledge]] is ''attributed'' by the [[analysand]] to the [[analyst]] in [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]].  The [[knowledge]] is ''attributed'' to the [[analyst]] by the [[analysand]] in [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]]. In [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]], [[knowledge]] is ''attributed'' to the [[analyst]] by the [[analysand]].  The [[analysand]] attributes [[knowledge]] to the [[analyst]] in [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]]. In [[treatment|psychoanalytic treatment]], the [[analysand]] attributes [[knowledge]] to the [[analyst]]. ===Imaginary Knowledge===[[Knowledge|Imaginary knowledge]] refers to a type of illusory [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] in the '''[[imaginary]] [[order]]'''. [[Knowledge|Imaginary knowledge]] refers to a type of illusory [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] belonging to the '''[[imaginary]] [[order]]'''. [[Knowledge|Imaginary knowledge]] refers to the kind of illusory [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] that belongs to the '''[[imaginary]] [[order]]'''. The [[knowledge]] which the [[subject]] acquires about himself, by [[misunderstanding|méconnaissance]] and [[misrecognition|méconnaissance]] (''[[méconnaissance]]''), is constitutive of the [[ego]].<ref>{{E}} p.306</ref> It is by [[misunderstanding|méconnaissance]] and [[misrecognition|méconnaissance]] (''[[méconnaissance]]'') that the [[subject]] acquires the [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] which is constitutive of the [[ego]].<ref>{{E}} p.306</ref> The [[ego]] is thus an [[illusory]] kind of [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] based on a [[fantasy]] of self-mastery and [[unity]].

==="Paranoiac Knowledge"=''Connaissance''==[[Knowledge|Imaginary]] [[knowledge]] is called "refers to the [[knowledge|paranoiac self-knowledge]]" by of the [[Lacansubject]] because it has in the same '''[[structureimaginary]] as [[paranoiaorder]] (both involve a '''. This [[delusion|illusory]] kind of [[absolute knowledge]] and , based on [[méconnaissance|misunderstanding]], [[méconnaissance|misrecognition]] (''[[masteryméconnaissance]]''), and because one a [[fantasy]] of the preconditions of all [[humanmaster|self-mastery]] and [[knowledgegestalt|unity]] , is the "paranoiac alienation constitutive of the [[ego]]."<ref>{{E}} p.2306</ref>

===Imaginary Obstacle to Symbolic Paranoiac Knowledge===[[Knowledgeknowledge|Imaginary knowledge]] is an obstacle which hinders called "'''[[knowledge|paranoiac knowledge]]'''" because it has the same '''[[structure]]''' as '''[[paranoia]]''' (both involve the [[delusion]] of [[subjectabsolute knowledge]]s access to and [[master|mastery]]), and because one of the preconditions of all [[knowledge|symbolic human knowledge]]is the "'''[[paranoiac]] [[alienation]] of the ego'''."<ref>{{E}} p.2</ref>

===Resistance===[[Knowledge|Imaginary knowledge]] is an ''[[resistance|obstacle]]'' which hinders the [[subject]]'s access to [[knowledge|symbolic knowledge]]. '''[[Treatment|Psychoanalytic treatment]] ''' must therefore continually subvert the [[subject]]'s [[knowledge|imaginary]] [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] in order to reveal the [[knowledge|symbolic]] [[knowledge|self-knowledge]] which it blocks.