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From a psychoanalytic point of view, love is the investment in, and ability to be loved by, another without experiencing this love as a subjective threat, such as that represented by the Thing (<i>das Ding</i>) which Freud described in the Project of 1895. For psychoanalysis the genesis of the love investment must be taken into consideration and the very different modalities through which it manifests itself must be identified.It is important to differentiate love from infatuation or being in love (<i>Verliebtheit</i>), which is associated with a pathological feeling (<i>Leidenschaft</i>): "That the state of being in love (Verliebtheit) manifests itself abnormally can be explained by the fact that other amorous states outside the analytic cure resemble abnormal rather than normal psychic phenomena" (1915a). Being in love is essentially marked by an overestimation of the love object and a devaluation of the self that resembles the condition of melancholia (1921c).The genesis of love begins with the oral relation of the infant's mouth and the mother's breast: "The picture of the child at the mother's breast has become the model of all sexual relations" (1905d). Also, in choosing an object later in life, the child will attempt "to reestablish this lost happiness" (1905d). But this happiness, even if it is marked by this choice of a primary infantile object, must later reunite and conjoin two libidinal currents, the tender current arising from infantile cathexis and the sensual current that appears during puberty, "The man will leave his mother and father—as the Bible indicates—and will follow his wife—tenderness and sensuality are therefore reunited" (1912d). This can only occur through the loss of the infantile object choice: "The individual human must devote himself to the difficult task of separating from his parents," as Freud indicated in the twenty-first of the <i>Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis</i> (1916-1917a {{Top}}[1915-16[amour]]). Yet, in "On the Universal Tendency to Debasement in the Sphere of Love" (1912d), Freud recalls the difficulty of loving and the numerous splits that remain: "When they love, they do not desire, and when they desire, they cannot love."In "Instincts and their Vicissitudes" (1915c), he examines the different splits and oppositions in which love plays a role; these are: loving/hating, loving/being loved, and loving and hating together in opposition to the state of indifference. The pair loving/hating is related to the pleasure/unpleasure polarity; the ego interjects pleasure and expels unpleasure, which is transformed into the opposition ego-pleasure/exterior world-unpleasure. Thus, hatred and the rejection of the exterior world emanate from the narcissistic ego. The pair loving/being loved originates in the reversal of an impulse into its opposite, of activity into passivity, and corresponds to the narcissism of self-love. The pair love/indifference is associated with the polarity ego/exterior world. We love the "object that dispenses pleasure" and we repeat "the original flight before the exterior world" (1926d) in the face of an object that does not dispense pleasure. In this way the intellectual economy of love is profoundly affected by these different forms of ambivalence.{{Bottom}}

==DefinitionJacques Lacan==LOVE (see also EXCEPTION NOT-ALL JEW CHRISTIAN)===Symbolic===Love in [[Lacan]] argues that it is [[impossible]] to [[speech|say]] anything [[meaning]]ful or [[meaning|sensible]] [[about]] [[love]].<ref>{{S8}} p. 57</ref> Indeed, the sense Žižek understands [[moment]] one starts to [[speech|speak]] about [[love]], one descends into imbecility.<ref>{{S20}} p. 17</ref> Given these views, it was first developed by Lucan in might seem surprising that [[Lacan]] himself dedicates a great deal of his Seminar XX[[seminar]] precisely to [[speech|speaking]] about [[love]]. It However, in doing so, [[Lacan]] is thus from merely demonstrating what the [[analysand]] does in [[psychoanalytic treatment]], for "the only [[thing]] that we do in the beginning associated with [[analytic discourse]] is [[speech|speak]] about [[love]]."<ref>{{S20}} p. 77</ref> ===Imaginary===[[Love]] is located by [[Lacan]] as a certain 'feminine' logic purely [[imaginary]] phenomenon, although it has effects in the [[symbolic]] [[order]].<ref>(one of the not-all and implies those effects [[being]] to produce "a way veritable subduction of thinking beyond [[the master-signifier symbolic]]") {{S1}} p. 142</ref> [[Love]] is [[autoeroticism|autoerotic]], and its universality guaranteed by exception: has a fundamentally [[narcissism|narcissistic]] [[structure]] since "it's one'Lacans own ego that one loves in love, one's extensive discussion own ego made [[real]] on [[the imaginary]] level."<ref>{{S1}} p. 142</ref> The [[imaginary]] [[nature]] of [[love]] leads [[Lacan]] to oppose all those [[analyst]]s who posit [[love ]] as an [[ideal]] in Seminar XX [[psychoanalytic treatment]].<ref>{{S7}} p. 8</ref> [[Love]] involves an [[imaginary]] reciprocity, since "to love is thus , essentially, to [[wish]] to be read in loved."<ref>{{S11}} p. 253</ref> It is this reciprocity between "loving" and "being loved" that constitutes the Paulinian sense[[illusion]] of [[love]], as opposed to and this is what distinguishes it from the [[order]] of the dialectic [[drive]]s, in which there is no reciprocity, only pure [[activity]].<ref>{{S11}} p. 200</ref> [[Love]] is an [[illusory]] [[fantasy]] of fusion with the [[beloved]] which makes up for the Law and its transgression[[absence]] of any [[sexual relationship]].<ref>{{S20}} p. 44</ref> This latter dialectic is clearly "masculine" or phallic especially clear in the asexual [[concept]] of [[courtly love]].<ref>{{S20}} p.65</ref> [[Love]] is [[truth|deceptive]]. Love, on the other hand "As a [[specular]] mirage, love is essentially [[deception]]."feminine": <ref>{{S11}} p. 268</ref> It is [[lure|deceptive]] because it involves the paradoxes of the giving what one does not-All' have (pi.e. 335the [[phallus]]); to [[love]] is "to give what one does not have."<ref>{{S8}} p. Žižek associates 147</ref> [[Love]] is directed not at what the [[object|love with St Paul-object]] has, but at what he [[lack]]s, and at the [[nothing]] beyond him. The [[object]] is valued insofar as it comes in the [[place]] of that [[lack]].<!-- Lacan suggests that when one is a way in love one is really saying: "I am what is [[lacking]] in you, with my devotion to you, with my sacrifice for him you, I will fill you out, I will [[complete]] you." The operation of love is therefore [[double]]: the [[subject]] fills in his own [[lack]] by offering himself to think the difference [[other]] as the [[object]] filling out the [[lack]] in the [[Other]]. --> ===Love and Desire===One of the most [[complex]] areas of [[Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]] concerns the [[relationship]] between Judaism[[love]] and [[desire]]. On the one hand, the two [[terms]] are diametrically opposed. On the other hand, whose libidinal economy this opposition is still fundamentally that problematized by certain similarities between the two: ====Opposition====As an [[imaginary]] phenomenon which belongs to the [[order|field]] of the law and its transgression[[ego]], and Christianity[[love]] is clearly opposed to [[desire]], which through forgiveness and is inscribed in the [[symbolic]] [[order]], the possibility [[order|field]] of being born again seeks to overcome this dialectic: 'It is here that one should insist on how Lacan accomplishes the passage from Law to [[Other]].<ref>{{S11}} pp. 189-91</ref> [[Love]] is a [[metaphor]], in shortwhereas [[desire]] is [[metonymy]]. from Judaism to Christianity" (<ref>{{S8}} p.345). In other words53</ref> It can even be said that [[love]] kills [[desire]], this since [[love might be seen to testify - as we also find ]] is based on a [[fantasy]] of oneness with drive the beloved and enunciation - this abolishes the [[difference]] which gives rise to a moment that precedes and makes possible [[desire]].<ref>{{S20}} p. 46</ref> ====Similarity====On the symbolic order and its social mediationother hand, the way there are elements in [[Lacan]]'s [[work]] which things are never directly what destabilize the neat opposition between [[love]] and [[desire]]. # Firstly, they are but only stand both similar in for something else: 'Love bears witness that neither can ever be [[satisfied]].# Secondly, the [[structure]] of [[love]] as "the wish to be loved" is identical to the abyss [[structure]] of a self-relating gesture by means [[desire]], in which the [[subject]] [[desire]]s to become the [[object]] of whichthe [[Other]]'s [[desire]].# Thirdly, due to in the lack [[dialectic]] of an independent guarantee [[need]]/[[demand]]/[[desire]], [[desire]] is [[born]] precisely from the [[unsatisfied]] part of [[demand]], which is the social pact[[demand]] for [[love]].  [[Lacan]]'s own [[discourse]] on [[love]] is thus often complicated by the ruler same [[substitution]] of "[[desire]]" for "[[love]]" which he himself has to guarantee highlights in the Truth [[text]] of his word" ([[Plato]]'s ''[[Plato|Symposium]]''.<ref>{{S8}} p. 267 n141</ref> ===Courtly Love===Courtly love "is an altogether refined way of making up for the absence of [[sexual]] relation by pretending that it is we who put an obstacle to it. 5)" Courtly love is a love of the impossible, a love for the obstacle which forever thwarts love - an elegant way of coming to terms with the [[absence]] of [[sexual relationship|sexual relations]].

* [[Ambivalence]]{{See}}* [[ConflictAnalysand]]* [[Counter-transferenceAnalyst]]

* [[Direct analysis]]* [[Ego-libido/object-libido]]* [[Eros]]||* [[ErotomaniaDesire]]* [[FriendshipDialectic]]* [[Genital loveDiscourse]]* [[Gift]]||* [[HatredLack]]* [[HomosexualityLure]]* [[Jalousie amoureuse, LaMetaphor]]* [[Love-Hate-Knowledge (L/H/K bonds)]]||* [[MaternalMetonymy]]* [[NarcissismNeed]]* [[ObjectSignification]]* [[Object, change of/choice of]]||* [[Oedipus complexSpeech]]* [[PassionStructure]]* [[Primary loveTreatment]]* [[Rivalry]]* [[Sexuality]]* [[Tenderness]]* [[Therapeutic alliance]]* [[Transferencelove]]* [[Turning around]]{{Also}}

# Freud, Sigmund. (1905d). Three essays on the theory of sexuality. SE, 7: 123-243.# ——. (1912d). On the universal tendency to debasement in the sphere of love. SE, 11: 177-190.# ——. (1915a). Observations on transference-love: technique of psycho-analysis. SE, 12: 157-171.# ——. (1921c). Group psychology and the analysis of the ego. SE, 18: 65-143.# ——. (1926d). Inhibitions, symptoms and anxiety. SE, 20: 75-172.</div>{{OK}}[[Category:NewImaginary]]__NOTOC__