Changes

'''Melanie Klein''' (March 30 1882 – September 22 1960) was an Austrian [[Image:Melanie Klein.jpg|rightpsychoanalysis|thumb|Melanie Kleinpsychotherapist]].

'''Melanie Klein''' (Born in Vienna, she built on the work of [[March 30Sigmund Freud]] , particularly in the area of [[1882child psychology]] – [[September 22]] [[1960]]) was an Austrian . Klein is one of the cofounders of [[psychoanalysis | psychotherapistobject relations theory]].

Born Invited by Ernest Jones, Melanie Klein came to London in [[Vienna]]1926, where she built on the work of [[Sigmund Freud]], particularly worked until her death in the area of [[child psychology]]. Klein is one of the cofounders of [[object relations theory]]1960.

Invited Klein's theoretical work gradually centered on a highly speculative hypothesis propounded by [[Ernest Jones]]Freud, which stated that life may be an anomaly, that it is drawn toward an inorganic state, and therefore, in an unspecified sense, contains an instinct to die. In psychological terms Eros, the sustaining and uniting principle of life, Melanie Klein came is thereby postulated to [[London]] in 1926have a companion force, Thanatos, where she worked until her death in 1960which seeks to terminate and disintegrate life.

Klein's theoretical work gradually centered on a highly speculative hypothesis propounded by Freud, which stated that life may be an [[anomaly]], that it is drawn toward an [[inorganic]] state, and therefore, in an unspecified sense, contains an instinct to die. In psychological terms [[Eros (Freud)|Eros]], the sustaining and uniting principle of life, is thereby postulated to have a companion force, [[Thanatos]], which seeks to terminate and disintegrate life. Examining ultra-[[aggression|aggressive]] fantasies of hate, envy, and greed in very young, very ill children, Melanie Klein put forth the interpretation that the human psyche is in a constant oscillation depending on whether Eros or Thanatos is in the fore. She calls the state of the psyche, when the sustaining principle of life is in domination, the [[depressive position]]. The psychological state corresponding to the disintegrating tendency of life she gives the name the [[paranoid-schizoid position]].

==Literature== Melanie Klein's collected works are encapsulated in two volumes:  *''Love, Guilt and Reparation: And Other Works 1921-1945'', Paperback, Free Press 2002*Envy and Gratitude Also:*The Psycho-Analysis of Children (1932)    '''Other books on Melanie Klein''': *C. Fred Alford, ''Melanie Klein and Critical Social Theory: An Account of Politics, Art, and Reason Based on Her Psychoanalytic Theory'', Yale UP 1990*P. Grosskurth, ''Melanie Klein: Her World and Her Work'', Karnac Books 1987 - A thorough biography*Robert Hinshelwood, Susan Robinson, Oscar Zarate, ''Introducing Melanie Klein'', Icon Books UK 2003*Meira Likierman, "Melanie Klein, Her Work in Context" Continuum International, Paperback, 2002*Jacqueline Rose, ''Why War?-- Psychoanalysis, Politics, and the Return to Melanie Klein'', Blackwell Publishers 1993 == See also ==* [[projective identification]]* [http://www.melanie-klein-trust.org.uk/ Melanie Klein official website]* [http://www.psikeba.com.ar/recursos/autores/klein.htm Melanie Klein en Psikeba] KLEIN, MELANIE (213-4)