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Metonymy
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=====Linguistic Definition=====[[Metonymy]] is usually defined as a [[trope ]] in which a term is used to denote an [[object]] which it does not literally refer to, but with which it is closely linked. This link may be one of [[physical]] contiguity, but not necessarily.
=====Roman Jakobson==Metonymic Axis of Language===HoweverFollowing [[Jakobson]], [[Lacan]]'s use of the term owes little to this definition apart from the notion of contiguity, since it is inspired by the work of [[Roman Jakobsonlinks]], who established an opposition between [[metonymy]] and to the combinatorial axis of [[language]], as opposed to the [[metaphorsubstitutive]]axis.<ref>Jakobson 1956</ref>
=====Diachronic Chain of Signifiers==Metonymy Versus Metaphor===In his most detailed work on [[Metonymy]] thus concerns the subject, ways in which [[signifier]]s can be combined / linked in a single [[Lacansignifying chain]] defines ("horizontal" relations), whereas [[metonymymetaphor]] as concerns the ways in which a [[diachrony|diachronicsignifier]] relation between in one [[signifying chain]] may be substituted for a [[signifier]] in another [[chain]] ("vertical" relations). Together, [[metaphor]] and another [[metonymy]] constitute the way in the which [[signifying chainsignification]]is produced.
[[Image:Lacan-metonymy.jpg|center]]
This formula is to be read as follows:
On the lefthand side of the [[algebra|equation]], [[outside ]] the brackets, [[Lacan]] writes '''<i>f</i>''' '''S''', the [[paternal funcitonfunction|signifying function]], which is to say the effect of [[signification]]. [[Inside]] the brackets he writes '''S . . . S'''', the link between one [[signifier]] and another in a [[signifying chain]].
<blockquote>"The signifying function of the connection of the signifier with the signifier is congruent with maintenance of the bar."</blockquote>
The formula is meant to illustrate [[Lacan]]'s [[thesis ]] that in [[metonymy]] the [[resistance]] of [[signification]] is maintained, the [[bar]] is not crossed, no new [[signified]] is produced.
[[Desire]] is also characterized by exactly the same never-ending [[process ]] of continual [[deferred action|deferral]]; since [[desire]] is always "desire for something else,"<ref>{{E}} p.167</ref> as soon as the [[object]] of [[desire]] is attained, it is no longer desirable, and the [[subject]]'s [[desire]] fixes on another [[object]].Thus [[Lacan]] writes that "desire ''is'' a metonymy."<ref>{{E}} p. 175</ref>
==See Also===Metonymy and Displacement====={{See}}* [[LacanBar]] also follows [[Jakobson]] in linking the [[metaphor]]-* [[metonymyDesire]] distinction to the mechanisms of the [[dream work]] described by [[Freud]].||However, he differs from * [[JakobsonDisplacement]] over the precise nature of this link. Just as [[displacement]] is logically prior to [[condensation]], so [[metonymy]] is the condition for * [[metaphorLanguage]], because "the coordination of signifiers has to be possible before transferences of the signified are able to take place."<ref>{{S3}} p.229</ref> == See Also ==||
* [[Metaphor]]
* [[Signification]]||* [[Signifier]]* [[Signifying chain]]{{Also}}
== References ==
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]