Changes
The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles">https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles</a>).
== def Jacques Lacan=====History===The [[concept]] of the [[mirror stage]] is [[Lacan]]'s first important contribution to [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic theory]], [[Lacan]]'s first innovation within the field of [[psychoanalysis]], propounded at an [[IPA]] conference at [[Marienbad]] in [[{{Y}}|1936]]. The concept is a constant point of reference throughout [[Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]], and becomes increasingly [[complex]] as it is reworked in various different contexts.
===Child Psychology===The "[[Jacques Lacanmirror stage|mirror test]] tells of the '''mirror stage''' in his essay "The Mirror stage as formative of was first described by the function [[French]] [[psychology|psychologist]] and friend of the ''I'' as revealed in psychoanalytic experience[[Lacan]]," which was published in English in ''Écrits: A Selection''Henri Wallon, first by Alan Sheridan in 19771931, and more recently by Bruce Fink in 2002although [[Lacan]] attributes its discovery to Baldwin.<ref>{{E}} p. Lacan first delivered this essay as 1</ref> It refers to a talk at [[particular]] experiment which can differentiate the 16th International Congress of Psychoanalysis in Zurich on July 17 1949. In [[Jacques Lacanhuman]] [[infant]]'s from his closest [[psychoanalyticanimal]] theoryrelative, the "mirror stage" (''le stade du miroir'') is chimpanzee. The six-month-old child differs from the chimpanzee of the point same age in an that the former becomes fascinated with its [[infantreflection]] in the [[mirror]]'s life when he may recognize his "and jubilantly assumes it as its own [[self (philosophy)|selfimage]]" in a mirror, and thus achieves whereas the chimpanzee quickly realizes that the [[image]] is [[consciousnessillusory]] of himselfand loses interest in it.
===Dual Relationship===As Lacan further develops the concept of the [[Categorymirror stage]], the stress falls less on its "[[development|historical value]]" and ever more on its [[structure|structural value]]. Thus by 1956 [[Lacan]] can say:Human <blockquote>[[The mirror stage]] is far from a mere phenomenon which occurs in the developmentof the child. It illustrates the conflictual [[nature]] of the [[dual]] relationship.<ref>{{S4}} p. 17</ref></blockquote> ===Ego Formation===The [[mirror stage]] describes the [[formation]] of the [[ego]] via the [[process]] of [[identification]]; the [[ego]] is the result of [[identifying]] with one's own [[specular image]]. ===Prematurity of Infant===The key to this phenomenon lies in the [[helplessness|prematurity]] of the [[human]] [[infant|baby]]: at six months, the baby still [[lacks]] coordination. However, its [[visual]] [[system]] is relatively advanced, which means that it can recognize itself in the mirror before attaining [[control]] over its [[bodily]] movements. The [[baby]] sees its own [[image]] as [[gestalt|whole]], and the [[dialectic|synthesis]] of this [[image]] produces a [[sense]] of contrast with the uncoordination of the body, which is experienced as a [[fragmented body]]; this contrast is first felt by the [[infant]] as a [[rivalry]] with its own [[image]], because the [[gestalt|wholeness]] of the [[image]] threatens the subject with [[fragmentation]], and the [[mirror stage]] thereby gives rise to an [[aggressivity|aggressive tension]] between the [[subject]] and the [[specular image|image]]. In [[order]] to resolve this [[aggressivity|aggressive tension]], the [[subject]] [[identifies]] with the [[image]]; this [[identification|primary identification]] with the [[counterpart]] is what forms the [[ego]]. The moment of [[identification]], when the [[subject]] assumes its [[image]] as its own, is described by [[Lacan]] as a moment of jubilation,<ref>{{E}} p. 1</ref> since it leads to an [[imaginary]] sense of [[master|mastery]]: <blockquote>[the child's] joy is due to his imaginary triumph in anticipating a degree of muscular co-ordination which he has not yet actually achieved.<ref>{{L}} 1951b. "[[Works of Jacques Lacan|Some Reflections on the Ego]]," ''Int. J. Psycho-Anal.'', Vol. 34, 1953: 15; {{S1}} p. 79</ref></blockquote> However, this jubilation may also be accompanied by a depressive reaction, when the [[child]] compares his own precarious sense of [[mastery]] with the omnipotence of the [[mother]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 345; {{S4}} p. 186</ref> ===Ideal Ego===This [[identification]] also involves the [[ideal ego]] which functions as a promise of [[future]] [[gestalt|wholeness]] which sustains the [[ego]] in [[time|anticipation]]. The [[mirror stage]] shows that the [[ego]]is the product of [[méconnaissance|misunderstanding]] ([[méconnaissance]] and the site where the [[subject]] becomes [[alienation|alienated]] from himself. ===Imaginary and Symbolic===It represents the introduction of the [[subject]] into the [[imaginary order]]. However, the [[mirror stage]] also has an important [[symbolic|symbolic dimension]]. The [Category[symbolic order]] is [[present]] in the [[figure]] of the [[adult]] who is carrying or supporting the [[infant]]. The moment after the [[subject]] has jubilantly assumed his [[image]] as his own, he turns his head round towards this adult, who represents the [[big Other]], as if to call on him to ratify this [[image]].<ref>{{L}} ''[[Seminar X|Le Séminaire. Livre X. L'angoisse, 1962-3]]''. Unpublished. [[Seminar]] of 28 November 1962</ref> ===Narcissism===The [[mirror stage]] is also closely related to [[narcissism]], as the story of [[Narcissus]] clearly shows (in the Greek [[myth]], [[Narcissus]] falls in [[love]] with his own reflection).<ref>* "[[Le stade du miroir comme formateur de la fonction du Je]]." ''[[Écrits]]''. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1966: 93-100 ["[[The mirror stage as formative of the function of the I]]." Trans. [[Alan Sheridan]]. ''[[Écrits: A Selection]]''. [[London]]: Tavistock, 1977; New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1977:Psychoanalysis1-7].</ref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Aggressivity]]* [[Alienation]]* [[Biology]]||* [[Captation]]* [[Ego]]* [[Gestalt]]||* [[Ideal ego]]* [[Identification]]* [[Imaginary]]||* [[Master]]* [[Narcissism]]* [[Other]]||* [[Psychology]]* [[Specular image]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div> {{OK}}[[Category:Philosophical terminologyImaginary]][[Category:LacanDevelopment]] __NOTOC__
