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==Jacques Lacan==
===History===
The [[concept]] of the [[mirror stage]] is [[Lacan]]'s first important contribution to [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic theory]], [[Lacan]]'s first innovation within the field of [[psychoanalysis]], propounded at an [[IPA]] conference at [[Marienbad]] in [[{{Y}}|1936]]. The concept is a constant point of reference throughout [[Lacan]]'s [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]], and becomes increasingly [[complex]] as it is reworked in various different contexts.
== def=Child Psychology===The young child's identification with his own image (what Lacan terms the "Ideal-I[[mirror stage|mirror test]]" or "ideal ego"), a stage that occurs anywhere from 6-18 months was first described by the [[French]] [[psychology|psychologist]] and friend of age. For [[Lacan]], this act marks the primordial recognition of one's self as "IHenri Wallon, in 1931," although at [[Lacan]] attributes its discovery to Baldwin.<ref>{{E}} p. 1</ref> It refers to a point before entrance into language and [[particular]] experiment which can differentiate the symbolic order. This stage's misrecognition or méconnaissance (seeing an ideal-I where there is a fragmented[[human]] [[infant]] from his closest [[animal]] relative, chaotic body) subsequently "characterizes the ego in all its structures" (Écrits 6)chimpanzee. In particular, this creation of an ideal version of the self gives pre The six-month-verbal impetus to old child differs from the creation chimpanzee of narcissistic phantasies the same age in that the fully developed subject. That fantasy image of oneself can be filled former becomes fascinated with its [[reflection]] in by others who we may want to emulate in our adult lives (role models, et cetera), anyone that we set up as a mirror for ourselves. The the [[mirror stage establishes what Lacan terms the "imaginary order" ]] andjubilantly assumes it as its own [[image]], through whereas the imaginary, continues to assert its influence on chimpanzee quickly realizes that the subject even after the subject enters the symbolic order. See the Lacan Module on Psychosexual Development[[image]] is [[illusory]] and loses interest in it.
== def =Structure of Subjectivity===[[Lacan]]'s concept of the [[mirror stage]] represents a fundamental aspect of the [[structure]] of [[subjectivity]]. Whereas in [[{{Y}}|1936-49]], [[Lacan]] seems to see it is a [[development|stage]] which can be located at a specific [[time]] in the [[development]] of the [[child]] with a beginning (six months) and an end (eighteen months),<ref>{{E}} p. 5</ref> by the end of this period there are already [[signs]] that he is broadening the concept.
By the early 1950s [[Jacques Lacan]] tells of the '''mirror stage''' no longer regards it simply as a [[moment]] in his essay "The Mirror stage as formative of the function [[life]] of the ''I'' as revealed in psychoanalytic experience," which was published in English in ''Écrits: A Selection'', first by Alan Sheridan in 1977[[infant]], and more recently by Bruce Fink in 2002. Lacan first delivered this essay but sees it as also representing a talk at the 16th International Congress of Psychoanalysis in Zurich on July 17 1949. In permanent [[Jacques Lacanstructure]]'s of [[psychoanalyticsubjectivity]] theory, the "mirror stage" paradigm of the [[imaginary|imaginary order]]; it is a stadium (''le stade du miroir'') is in which the point in an [[infantsubject]]'s life when he may recognize his "is permanently [[self (philosophy)captation|selfcaught]]" in a mirror, and thus achieves [[consciousnesscaptation|captivated]] of himself.by his own [[image]]:
<blockquote>[[CategoryThe mirror stage]] is far from a mere phenomenon which occurs in the development of the child. It illustrates the conflictual [[nature]] of the [[dual]] relationship.<ref>{{S4}} p. 17</ref></blockquote> ===Ego Formation===The [[mirror stage]] describes the [[formation]] of the [[ego]] via the [[process]] of [[identification]]; the [[ego]] is the result of [[identifying]] with one's own [[specular image]]. ===Prematurity of Infant===The key to this phenomenon lies in the [[helplessness|prematurity]] of the [[human]] [[infant|baby]]: at six months, the baby still [[lacks]] coordination. However, its [[visual]] [[system]] is relatively advanced, which means that it can recognize itself in the mirror before attaining [[control]] over its [[bodily]] movements. The [[baby]] sees its own [[image]] as [[gestalt|whole]], and the [[dialectic|synthesis]] of this [[image]] produces a [[sense]] of contrast with the uncoordination of the body, which is experienced as a [[fragmented body]]; this contrast is first felt by the [[infant]] as a [[rivalry]] with its own [[image]], because the [[gestalt|wholeness]] of the [[image]] threatens the subject with [[fragmentation]], and the [[mirror stage]] thereby gives rise to an [[aggressivity|aggressive tension]] between the [[subject]] and the [[specular image|image]]. In [[order]] to resolve this [[aggressivity|aggressive tension]], the [[subject]] [[identifies]] with the [[image]]; this [[identification|primary identification]] with the [[counterpart]] is what forms the [[ego]]. The moment of [[identification]], when the [[subject]] assumes its [[image]] as its own, is described by [[Lacan]] as a moment of jubilation,<ref>{{E}} p. 1</ref> since it leads to an [[imaginary]] sense of [[master|mastery]]: <blockquote>[the child's] joy is due to his imaginary triumph in anticipating a degree of muscular co-ordination which he has not yet actually achieved.<ref>{{L}} 1951b. "[[Works of Jacques Lacan|Some Reflections on the Ego]]," ''Int. J. Psycho-Anal.'', Vol. 34, 1953:Human development15; {{S1}} p. 79</ref></blockquote> However, this jubilation may also be accompanied by a depressive reaction, when the [[child]] compares his own precarious sense of [[mastery]] with the omnipotence of the [[mother]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 345; {{S4}} p. 186</ref> ===Ideal Ego===This [[identification]] also involves the [[ideal ego]] which functions as a promise of [[future]] [[gestalt|wholeness]] which sustains the [[ego]] in [[time|anticipation]]. The [[mirror stage]] shows that the [[ego]] is the product of [[méconnaissance|misunderstanding]] ([[méconnaissance]] and the site where the [[subject]] becomes [[alienation|alienated]] from himself. ===Imaginary and Symbolic===It represents the introduction of the [[subject]] into the [[imaginary order]]. However, the [[mirror stage]] also has an important [[symbolic|symbolic dimension]]. The [[symbolic order]] is [[present]] in the [[figure]] of the [[adult]] who is carrying or supporting the [[infant]]. The moment after the [[subject]] has jubilantly assumed his [[image]] as his own, he turns his head round towards this adult, who represents the [[big Other]], as if to call on him to ratify this [[image]].<ref>{{L}} ''[[Seminar X|Le Séminaire. Livre X. L'angoisse, 1962-3]]''. Unpublished. [[Seminar]]of 28 November 1962</ref> ===Narcissism===The [[mirror stage]] is also closely related to [[Categorynarcissism]], as the story of [[Narcissus]] clearly shows (in the Greek [[myth]], [[Narcissus]] falls in [[love]] with his own reflection).<ref>* "[[Le stade du miroir comme formateur de la fonction du Je]]." ''[[Écrits]]''. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1966: 93-100 ["[[The mirror stage as formative of the function of the I]]." Trans. [[Alan Sheridan]]. ''[[Écrits: A Selection]]''. [[London]]: Tavistock, 1977; New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1977:Psychoanalysis1-7].</ref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Aggressivity]]* [[Alienation]]* [[Biology]]||* [[Captation]]* [[Ego]]* [[Gestalt]]||* [[Ideal ego]]* [[Identification]]* [[Imaginary]]||* [[Master]]* [[Narcissism]]* [[Other]]||* [[Psychology]]* [[Specular image]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div> {{OK}}[[Category:Philosophical terminologyImaginary]][[Category:LacanDevelopment]] __NOTOC__
