Changes

 [[Jacques Lacan]] posits a distinction between [[human]]s ===Languages and other [[animal]]s, that is, between 'human society' and 'animal society'.<ref>S1 p.223</ref>Codes===

As a result, ===Symbolic and Imaginary===The consequence of this fundamental [[animaldifference]] is that [[biology|animal psychology]] is entirely dominated by the [[imaginary]], whereas [[human]] [[psychology]] is complicated by the additional dimension of the [[symbolic]]. [[Lacan]] adopts the traditional [[anthropology|anthropological]] opposition between [[nature]] and [[culture]] ([[culture]] being, in [[Lacan]]ian terms, the [[symbolic]] [[order]]). Like [[Claude Levi-Strauss]] and other [[anthropology|anthropologists]], [[Lacan]] points to the [[prohibition]] of [[incest]] as the kernel of the [[law|legal]] [[structure]]] which differentiates [[culture]] from [[nature]]. <blockquote>"The primordial Law is therefore that which in regulating marriage superimposes the kingdom of culture on that of a nature abandoned to the law of mating."<ref>E. p.66</ref></blockquote> ---  The regulation of kinship by the [[incest]] [[taboo]] points to the fact that the paternal function is at the heart of the rift between [[human]]s and [[animal]]s. By inscribing a line of descent from [[male]] to [[male]] and thus ordering a series of generations, the [[father]] marks the difference between the [[symbolic]] and the [[imaginary]]. In other words, what is unique about [[human]] beings is not that they lack the [[imaginary]] dimension of [[animal]] [[psychology]], but that in human beings this [[imaginary]] [[order]] is distorted by the added dimension of the [[symbolic]]. The imaginary is what aniamls and human beings have in common, except that in human beings it is no longer a natural imaginary.

Hence Lacan repudiates "===Double Sense of the Term===Within the doctrine context of a discontinuity this bindary opposition between [[human]] [[being]]s and other [[animal psychology and human psychology which is far away from our thoughts.]]s, [[Lacan]] uses the term "[[nature]]"<ref>{{Ec}} pin a [[complex]] [[double]] [[sense]].484</ref>

On the ===Regulation of Kinship===Like [[Claude Levi-Strauss]] and other hand[[anthropology|anthropologists]], [[Lacan]] also uses points to the term '[[natureprohibition]] of [[incest]]' to denote as the kernel of the idea that there is a 'natural order' in [[humanlaw|legal]] [[existencestructure]] which differentiates [[culture]] from [[nature]].

This great <blockquote>The primordial Law is therefore that which in regulating [[fantasymarriage]] superimposes the kingdom of culture on that of [[a nature]] underlies modern [[psychology]], which attempts abandoned to explain [[human]] [[behavior]] by reference to ethological categories such as [[instinct]] and [[adaptation]]the law of mating.<ref>{{E}} p.66</ref></blockquote>

===Paternal Function===The regulation of kinship by the [[incest]] [[taboo]] points to the fact that the [[Name-of-the-Father|paternal function]] is at the heart of the rift between [[human]]s and [[animal]]s. By inscribing a line of descent from [[male]] to [[male]] and thus ordering a series of generations, the [[Father]] marks the difference between the [[symbolic]] and the [[imaginary]].

===Human and Animal Imaginary===In other [[Lacanwords]], what is unique [[about]] [[human]] [[being]]s is not that in [[human]] [[being]]s the [[imaginary]] [[order]] is highly critical distorted by the added dimension of all such attempts to explain the phenomena [[symbolic]]. The [[imaginary]] is what [[animal]]s and [[human]] [[being]]s have in terms common, except that in [[human]] [[being]]s it is no longer a natural [[imaginary]]. Hence [[Lacan]] repudiates "the [[doctrine]] of a discontinuity between animal psychology and human psychology which is far away from our [[naturethought]]."<ref>{{Ec}} p.484</ref>

He argues ==Natural Order of Human Existence==On the other hand, [[Lacan]] also uses the term "[[nature]]" to denote the [[idea]] that they are based on there is a failure to recognize the importance of the "[[symbolic nature|natural order]]" in [[human]] [[existence]], an idea which radically [[alienation|alienatesLacan]] human beings from natural givenscalls the "great fantasy of ''nautra mater'', the very idea of nature."<ref>{{S1}} p.149</ref>

In the human world===Biological Basis of Human Behavior===This great [[fantasy]] of [[nature]] underlies modern [[psychology]], even "those significations that are closest which attempts to need, significations that are relative explain [[human]] [[behavior]] by reference to the most purely biological insertion into a nutrittive [[biology|ethological categories]] such as [[instinct]] and captivating environment, primordial significations, are, in theri sequence and in their very foundation, subject to the laws of the signifier.<ref>S3[[adaptation]]. 198</ref>

===Mythical Pre-Linguistic State of Nature===[[Lacan]] thus argues that "the [[Freudian ]] discovery teaches us that all natural [[harmony ]] in man is profoundly disconcerted."<ref>{{S3}} p. 83</ref> There is not even a pure [[nature|natural state]] at the beginning in which the [[human]] [[subject]] might [[exist]] before being caught up in the [[symbolic]] [[order]].

There <blockquote>"The Law is not even a pure natural state at the beginning in which the [[human]] [[subject]] might [[exist]] before being caught up in the [[symbolic]] [[order]]there ''ab origine''."<ref>{{S3}} p.83</ref></blockquote>

[[Need]] is never [[present ]] in a pure [[pre-oedipal phase|pre-[[linguisticstate]] state in the [[human ]] [[being]]: such a '"[[mythical' ]]" [[linguistic|pre-linguistic ]] [[need]] can only be hypothesized after it has been articulated in [[demand]].

--====Perversion==== The There is no such [[absence]] of a [[natural]] [[order]] in [[human]] [[existence]] can be seen most clearly in human [[sexuality]]. [[Freud]] and [[Lacan]] both argue that even [[sexualitything]], which might seem to be for the [[significationhuman]] closest to nature in the human being, is completely caught up in the as a ''[[culturalnature|natural]] [[order]]; there is no such thing, for the human being, as a natural '' [[sexual relationship]].  One consequence of this is that [[perversion]] cannot be defined by reference to a supposed [[natural]] or [[biological]] [[norm]] governing [[sexuality]].

{{See}}* [[Adaptation]]* [[Alienation]]* [[Biology]]||* [[lawCode]]* [[prohibitionCulture]]* [[biologyDrive]]||* [[Instinct]]* [[Language]]* [[Law]]||* [[Need]]* [[Perversion]]* [[Sexual relationship]]{{Also}}

[[Category:Dictionary]]{{OK}} __NOTOC__